人教新目年级英语上册15单元知识点总结[1][1].docx

人教新目年级英语上册15单元知识点总结11姓名：_ 新目标八年级英语上册期中复习资料 Unit 1.How often do you exercise? I. 重点短语归纳： 1. go to the movies 去看电影 2. look after=take care of 照顾 3. surf the internet 上网 4. healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式 5. go skateboarding 去滑滑板 watch TV看电视 6. keep healthy=stay healthy = keep in good health 保持健康 keep + 形容词 表保持某种状态 do some reading 阅读 7. exercise= take/do (much) exercise=do sports锻炼 8. eating habits 饮食习惯 9. take more exercise 做更多的运动 10. the same as 与什么相同 11. once a month一月一次 12. be different from 不同 13. twice a week一周两次.three times a week一周三次 15. how often 多久一次，询问动作发生的频率 how many times 多少次 ，用来提问做某事的次数 16. although=though虽然 <不能与but连用> 17. most of the students=most students大多数学生 18. shop=go shopping=do some shopping 购物 19. as for至于 20. activity survey活动调查 21. do homework做家庭作业 22. do housework做家务事 23. eat less meat吃更少的肉 24. junk food垃圾食物 25. be good for 对什么有益 26. be bad for对什么有害 27. want to do sth 想做某事 28. want sb to do sth想某人做某事 29. try to do sth 尽量做某事 30. come home from school放学回家 31. of course=certainly=sure当然 32. get good grades取得好成绩 33. some advice 一些建议 some advice 中的 advice 是不可数名词 a piece of advice一条建议 take ones advice 采纳或听从某人的建议 34. help sb to do sth帮助某人做某事=help sb with sth 35. a lot of vegetables=many vegetables许多蔬菜 36. hardly= almost not几乎不 hardly ever很少，几乎不，从不 37. keep/be in good health保持健康 38. your favorite program你最喜欢的节目 39. Animal World 动物世界 40. play soccer踢足球 41.every day 每天 everyday 日常的 42.once or twice a week 每周一两次 43. three or four times a week 每周三四次 44. at Green High School 在格林高中 45. all students 所有的学生 46. most students 大多数学生 47. some students 一些学生 48. no students 没有学生 49.the result of a survey 调查结果 50.the result for “watch TV”“看电视”的调查结果 51. improve your English 提高你的英语 52. drink milk 喝牛奶 53. pretty healthy 相当健康 pretty adv. 相当，非常 Pretty =rather=very=quite 非常，相当 54. kind of = a little 有点 I think Im kind of unhealthy. 我想我有点不健康。 二. 重点句子： 1.How often do you exercise? 你多久锻炼一次身体？ How often + 助动词do(does或did) + 主语 + do sth.? 疑问词how often是问频率(多久一次),与一般现在时或一般过去时连用，回答一般是用表示频率的副词，如：once, twice, three times, sometimes, often, quite, often, never, every day, once a week , twice a month , three times a month , three or four times a month等。 2“What do you usually do on weekends?” “ I usually play soccer.” “周末你通常做什么？”“我通常踢足球。” 第一个do为助动词, 在这起帮助构成疑问的作用；而第二个do则是实义动词。 3. “Whats your favorite program?” “Its Animal World.” “你最喜欢什么节目？”“动物世界。” 4. As for homework , most students do homework every day . 1 as for.意思是“至于；关于”，常用于句首作状语，其后跟名词、代词或动词的-ing形式。如： 5. Mom wants me to get up at 6:00 and play ping-pong with her . want to do sth. 意思是“想要做某事”； want sb. to do sth.意思是“想要某人做某事”。如： 有很多动词后面用这种结构做动词的复合宾语 ask sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事 tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人去做某事 help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事 6. She says its good for my health. be good for.表示“对有益”;其反义为：be bad for. 7. How many hours do you sleep every night? 8. I exercise every day , usually when I come home from school . 9. My eating habits are pretty good . 这里pretty相当于very 。 10.I try to eat a lot of vegetables , usually ten to eleven times a week . try to do sth.表示“ 尽力做某事 ” ，不包含是否成功的意思 11. My healthy lifestyle helps me get good grades. help sb.(to) do sth.帮助某人做某事 12. Good food and exercise help me to study better. 这里better是well的比较级，而不是good的比较级 13.Is her lifestyle the same as yours or different?Is her lifestyle the same as your lifestyle or is her lifestyle different from yours? be the same as / be different from 14. What sports do you play ? 15. A lot of vegetables help you to keep in good health . keep in good health = keep healthy = stay healthy 17. That sounds interesting. 这是“主语+系动词+表语”结构的简单句。sound，look，smell，taste，feel，seem，grow,get等词在英语中可用作系动词，后跟形容词作表语。 三知识结构 how often / how long / how soon / how far how often: “隔多久一次”，指动作的频率，答语常用often, never, twice a week等表示频率的副词或短语。 How often do you go to the movies? Once a week. / I never go to the movies. how long: 1)“多长时间”，回答用for时间段或since时间点。；2) 询问物体的长度。 How long is the Yellow River? How long have you learned English? I have learned it for 5 years. I have learned it since 5 years ago. how soon: “还要多久才，多久以后”，答语常用“in时间段”。 How soon will she come back? Shell come back in an hour. how far: “多远”，询问距离。 Can you tell me how far it is from here to your home? How far is it from your home to our school? Its 2 kilometers away. Unit 2 whats the matter? 一重点短语归纳 1. foot-feet 脚 <复> tooth-teeth 牙齿 <复> 2. have a cold 感冒 3. have a stomachache 胃疼 4. have a sore back背疼 5. have a sore throat喉咙疼 6. have a fever发烧 7. lie down and (have a)rest 躺下休息 have a rest 休息 8. hot tea with honey 加蜜的热茶 9. see a dentist 看牙医 see a doctor 看医生 10.drink lots of water多喝水 11.lots of ,a lot of, a lot a lot of=lots of，可以修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词，一般用在肯定句中。： There are lots of books in our library. There is a lot of water on the ground a lot,是一个副词词组，跟动词连用；表示十分的意思；Thanks a lot. 12. have a toothache牙疼 13. Thats a good idea好主意 14. go to bed 去睡觉 go to bed early 早上床睡觉 15. feel well感到好 feel ill 感到不舒服 I dont feel well= Im not feeling well 我感觉不舒服. 16. start doing/ to do sth开始做某事 TO DO 是一件事情完成了，开始做另外一件事情DOING是原来的那件事情做到一半，现在又开始做了，是同一件事情。 17. two days ago两天前 18. get some rest 多休息, 休息一会儿 19. I think so我认为是这样 20. be thirsty口渴 21. be hungry 饥饿 22. be stressed out紧张 23. listen to music听音乐 24. healthy lifestyle健康的生活方式 25. traditional Chinese doctors传统中医 26. need to do sth 需要做某事 27. a balance of yin and yang阴阳平衡 28. for example例如 29. too much yin太多的阴, 阴气太盛 too much + 不可数名词 太多的 much too +形/副 实在太 极其，非常 too many + 可数名词复数 太多的 30.be good for sth./ doing sth. 对什么有益 ，对什么有好处 be bad for sth./ doing sth. 对什么有害 be good to 对好 be good at =do well in 在方面好，擅长 31.get good grades 取得好成绩 32.angry 用法 be angry with sb生某人的气 be angry at/ about sth 就某事生气 33.Chinese medicine 中药 34.be popular in + some place 在某地很流行 Chinese medicine is now popular in many western countries. 现在中药在许多西方国家受欢迎。 35.in western countries在西方国家 36.Its easy to do sth做某事是容易的。 Its important to do sth . 做某事很重要。 37.balanced diet平衡饮食 38.get tired 感到疲倦 be/get tired 39.go out at night在晚上出去 40.stay healthy 保持健康 =keep healthy=keep in good health 41.at the moment此时，此刻= now 42.enjoy sth. =like sth. (名词)喜欢某物, enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事=like dong sth enjoy oneself (myself, yourself,herself, himself, themselves, ourselves, itself动词为延续性动词 We stayed here till/until 12 oclock. Unit 3 What are you doing for vacation? 一重点短语归纳 1. go camping 去野营 2. go shopping 去购物 3. go skateboarding 去滑滑板 4. go swimming 去游泳 5. go boating 去划船 6. go skating 去滑冰 7. go hiking (in the mountains) 去山上徒步旅行/远足 8. go climbing 去登山 9. go fishing 去钓鱼 10. go bike riding / cycling 骑自行车旅行 11. go sightseeing 去观光 12. visit my grandma/ cousins/ my friends in Hong Kong 拜访我的祖母/堂兄弟/香港的朋友 13. spend time with friends 和朋友度过 18. take a vacation 去度假 19. go to Tibet for a week 去西藏一个星期 20. go away 离开，走开 21. (for) too long 太久 22. how long 多长 23. have a good time=have fun=enjoy oneself 玩得高兴，玩得开心 24. get back to school/ home 回学校/回家 go back= come back= get back 回来 get back to +some where回到某地 get back home/ here /there 回家、这、那儿 go back to school 回到学校=return to school go back home 回到家=return home 25. stay for three weeks 呆三个星期 26. take walks / take a walk 散步take walks=have walks=go for a walk 散步 27. rent videos 租录像带 28. a famous French singer 一个著名的法籍歌手 29. take a long vacation 度长假 30. take vacations in Europe 在欧洲度假 31. think about/ of 考虑/思考 32. something different/ interesting/ important 一些不同的/ 有趣的/ 重要的东西 33. spend time in the beautiful countryside 在美丽的乡村度过 34. forget all the problems 忘记所有的问题(烦恼) 35. sleep a lot 多睡觉,睡个够 36. can't wait 迫不及待cant wait to do sth 迫不及待做某事 37. a good place to go sightseeing 一个观光的好地方 38. leave for Italy/ Greece/ Spain/ Europe 离开/出发去意大利/希腊/西班牙/欧洲 39. places to visit in China 在中国参观的地方 40. plan my vacation to Italy 计划去意大利度假 41. the first week in June 六月的第一周 42. leave for 离开/出发去 leave的用法 1.“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。例如： When did you leave Shanghai? 你什么时候离开上海的？ 2.“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”。例如： 3 你为什么要离开上海去北京？ 43. rent videos to sb. 租碟片给某人 rent videos from sb. 从某人那租碟片 44. make a movie 拍电影 45. ask sb about sth 问某人某事 46. at night =in the evening 在晚上 47.What/How about+ doing> 怎么样呢? 48 on Monday 在星期一 49.next week 下周 50.the Great Wall 长城 二固定结构 1. show sb. sth. 让某人看某物 = show sth. to sb. 把某物给某人看 He showed me a postcard from Hong Kong yesterday. = He showed a postcard to me from Hong Kong yesterday. 类似的结构还有： give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb. 把某物给某人 buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb. 给某人买某物 2. send sb. sth. 寄给某人某物 = send sth. to sb. 寄某物给某人 My friends sent me a letter just now. = My friends sent a letter to me just now. 3. think about/ of sth./ doing sth. 考虑某事/考虑做某事 He often thinks about going to Europe for vacation. 4. decide on sth. 决定某事 decide to do sth. 决定做某事 They will decide on the case(案件) tomorrow. He decided to go sightseeing at last. 5. plan to do sth. 计划做某事(过去式) planned planning She planned to go to Greece for vacation. vacation plans 假期计划 make plans 制定计划 6. forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事 forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事 7. remember to do sth. 记得去做某事 = remember doing sth. 记得做过某事 8. finish sth./ finish doing sth. 完成某事/完成做某事 9. need to do sth. 需要做某事 We need to go home early. 10. leave for + 地名 离开/出发去 leave A for B 离开A地去B地 My parents and I are leaving (here) for Beijing tomorrow. My uncle will leave Beijing for Tokyo tomorrow. 12spend意为“度过、花费”其主语一般是人，常用的句式有： spendon sth. Spend(in) doing sth. 如： How long do you spend on your homework everyday? How long do you spend (in) doing your homework everyday?你每天花多少时间做作业 三重点句子 1. What are you doing for vacation? 你假期打算做什么？ I am babysitting my sister. 我打算照顾我的妹妹。 2. Where is he going? 他要去哪？ He is going to Italy. 他打算去意大利。 3. When is he going? 他什么时候要去？ He is going on the 11th./ in December. 他打算11号去/12月去。 4. Who is she going with? 她打算和谁去？ She is going with her parents. 她打算和她的父母亲去。 5. How long are they staying in Tibet? 他们准备在西藏呆多久？ They are staying for three weeks. 他们打算呆三个星期 6. That sounds interesting. 那听起来有趣。 sound 为感官动词 感官动词后面加形容词 感官动词为：look, sound, feel, taste, smell 7. I don't like going away for too long. 我不喜欢离开太久。 like to do sth./ like doing sth. 喜欢做某事 8. I know there are many people there 我知道那儿有许多说法语的人。 9. He planned to have a very relaxing vacation. 他计划度过一个轻松的假期。 plan to do sth. 计划做某事 10. I just finished making my last movie. 我刚制作完了我最后的一部电影。 finish doing sth. 完成做某事 11. I hear that Thailand is a good place to go sightseeing. 我听说泰国是个观光的好地方。 a good place to go sightseeing 一个观光的好地方 12. I want to ask you about places to visit in China. 我想问你有关可在中国参观的地方。 want to do sth. 想做某事 ask sb. about sth. 问某人有关某事 13. I am planning my vacation to Italy this weekend. 我打算这个周末去意大利度假。 plan my vacation to Italy 计划去意大利度假 = plan to go to Italy for vacation 14. What should tourist take with them? 游客必须带什么呢？ take sth with sb. 带某物在身上/随身带某物 Please take an umbrella with you. 请带上一把雨 They take some money with them.他们随身带着些钱。 四知识结构 1.What are you doing for vacation? 你打算/准备/计划假期做些什么？ I am going sightseeing. 我打算/准备/计划去观光。 这里用了“现在进行时 be doing”的结构来表示在最近计划或安排将要进行的动作, 有“意图” 或“打算”的含义.通常与表未来时间的状语连用。 I am visiting him tomorrow. 我明天要去拜访他。 2.“be + 动词-ing” ）“be + 动词-ing”表示动词的现在进行时，指正在进行或发生的动作或事情。如： He is doing his homework. 他正在做作业。 ）“be + 动词-ing”也可以表示近期的计划或马上要发生的动作，常与表示将来的时间状语连用。 She is leaving for Shanghai this evening. 他打算今晚动身去上海。 3.一般情况下加ing的形容词修饰sth加ed的形容词修饰sb relaxing 令人轻松的relaxed 感到轻松的 interesting 有趣 interested 感到兴趣 surprising 令人吃惊的surprised 感到吃惊 exciting 令人兴奋的 excited 感到兴奋 解题点拨 例1 When I _ home, Ill show you the photos. 4 A.get to B. return to C. get back D. return back 例2I decide _ go fishing with Sally. A.on B.to C.at D.in Unit 4 How do you get to school? 一短语归纳 1. take the subway to = go to by subway 搭地铁 2. take the train to = go to by train 坐火车 3. take a bus to = go to by bus = go to on a bus 乘坐公共汽车 4. take a taxi to = go to by taxi 坐的士 5. ride a bike/ bicycle to = go to by bike/ bicycle 骑自行车 6. walk to = go to on foot 步行 7. take a car to = go to in a car= go to by car 坐汽车 8. get to school 到达学校get to=arrive in/at=reach 到达 (in加大地方at加小地方) 9. 10 kilometers from school 离学校10公里 10. fromto 从到 from his home to school 从他家到学校 11. how 怎样 how long 用来询问时间的长度） 或物体的长度 how often 多久时间一次 how far 多远 how many 用于提问数量） 多少 how much 多少/多少钱 how soon“过多久”，用来询问某事要在多久以后才能发生 12. have a quick breakfast 快速地吃早餐 13. leave for school 出发去学校 14. the early bus 早班车 15. take sb. to school 带某人去学校 16. bus ride 搭公车的路程 17. bus stop 公车亭 18. bus station 公车站 bus stop 是指小站，bus station指大的站. 19. train station 火车站 20. subway station 地铁站 21. think of 认为 22. around the world=all over the world 遍及全世界 22.the school bus 校车 23. in North /South America 在北/南美洲 in the north/south/east/west of American 在美国的北/南/东/西部 24. on the school bus 乘/坐校车 25. in other parts of the world 在世界上的其他地方 26. the other 另一个 27. others = other (students) 其他的 28. things are different 情况不同 29. be different from 与不同 be the same as 与一样(见后) 30. make a difference 产生差异 31. depend on 取决于/依赖/依靠 32. go to school by boat = take a boat to school 坐船去上学 33. must be 肯定/一定是 34. a lot more fun 更多的乐趣 35. not all students并非所有的学生 36. the most popular ways /means最流行的方式 means of transportation 交通方式 37. a small number of 小部分的 A small number of students take the subway to school.小部分学生乘坐地铁上学 38. a large/ great number of 大多数的 a number of + 复数名词 作主语，动词用复数 “许多”=many 可用large/great/small 修饰，表程度。 the number of + 复数名词 作主语，动词用单数 “.的数量” A great number of students are young. The number of them is 2,200. 39. be ill in the hospital 生病住院 ill和sick 都可作表语 He is ill/sick. 他生病了。 但是He is a sick man. 他是一个病人。 ill(形容词)：illness 40. worry about sb./sth. 担心某人/某事 worry about sb/sth=be worried about .为某人/某事担心 I worry about my study.= I am wirried about my study. 41. take a shower淋浴 42.at around six thirty在大约六点半 around 作介词时，是“大约、将近”的意思时，常与数词连用 43. five minuteswalk步行五分钟的路程 44. Dont worry. 别担心 45. in Chinese 用汉语 46.How/ What about？ How/ What about？常用来询问和建议，其中about是介词，其后跟名词、代词及动名词，意思是“怎么样？如何？” How about trying again? 再试一下如何？ 二 固定结构 1. It takes/ took (sb.) some time to do sth. 做某事花了某人时间/某人花了时间做某事 It takes me 20 minutes to finish all my homework. 我花了20分钟的时间完成了所有的作业。 此句子结构可等同于： sb. spend/ spent some time on sth. 某人花了时间在某事上 sb. spend/ spent some time (in) doing sth. 某人花了做某事 It takes me 20 minutes