PLC及变频器技术中英文对照外文翻译文献.docx

PLC及变频器技术中英文对照外文翻译文献 (文档含英文原文和中文翻译) 中英文资料对照外文翻译 PLC and inverter technology trends 1 1. The development trend of the programmable controller “PLC is one kind specially for the digital operation operation electronic installation which applies under the industry environment designs. It uses may the coding memory, uses for in its internal memory operation and so on actuating logic operation, sequence operation, time, counting and arithmetic operation instructions, and can through digital or the simulation-like input and the output, controls each type the machinery or the production process. PLC and the related auxiliary equipment should according to form a whole easy with the industrial control system, easy to expand its function the principle to design.” In the 21st century, PLC will have a bigger development. Technologically speaking, computer technology's new achievement more will apply in the programmable controller's design and the manufacture, will have the operating speed to be quicker, the storage capacity to be bigger, an intelligent stronger variety to appear; Looked from the product scale that further develops to subminiature and the ultra-large direction; Looked from the product overcoatability that the product variety will be richer, the specification to be more complete, the perfect man-machine contact surface, the complete communication facility will adapt each 2 industrial control situation demand well; Looked from the market that various countries will produce the multi-variety product the situation to break respectively along with the international competition aggravating, will present the minority several brand monopoly international market the aspect, will present the international general programming language; Looking from the network state of play, the programmable controller and other industrial control computer network constitution large-scale control system is the programmable controller technology development direction. Present computer collection and distribution control system DCS (Distributed Control System) had the massive programmable controller application. Is following computer network's development, the programmable controller takes the automation directed net and the international universal network important component, outside industry and industry numerous domain display more and more major function. 2. Inverter technology development trends Inverter into the practical phase of more than 1 / 4 century during this period, the frequency converter technology as the basis of power electronics technology and microelectronics technology manager of a leap in the development, as the new power electronic devices and high-performance microprocessor The application of control technology 3 and the development of increasingly high cost performance of the inverter, more and more small size, but manufacturers are still in constant frequency converter to achieve the further miniaturization and doing new efforts. From a technical point of view, with the frequency converter to further expand the market of the future, with the converter and inverter technology will be on the development of technologies in the following areas further development: (1) large capacity and small size; (2) high-performance and multi-function; (3) enhance the ease-of-use; (4) increase in life expectancy and reliability; (5) of pollution-free. Large capacity and small size of the power semiconductor devices will be with the development of continuous development. In recent years, driven by a voltage power semiconductor devices IGBT (Isolated Gate Bipolar Transistor, isolation gate bipolar transistors) has developed very rapidly and quickly into the traditional use of BJT (bipolar power transistor) and power MOSFET (FET) The various fields. In addition, the IGBT switching device for the IPM (Intelligent Power Module, IPM) and Monolithic Power IC chip will power switching devices and driving circuit, 4 such as the protection of integrated circuits in the same package, with high performance and reliability The merits, with their high current and high pressure of the development of small and medium-sized converter will certainly be more widely used. With micro-electronics technology and semiconductor technology development, for Inverter CPU and semiconductor devices and a variety of sensors of getting higher and higher. With the frequency converter technology and the development of the growing maturity of the exchange governor, modern control theory are constantly new applications. These have further improved the performance of inverter provided the conditions. In addition, with the frequency converter to further promote the use and support are also constantly made new demands, the frequency converter manufacturers to continuously improve the performance and frequency converter functions in Inverter new efforts to meet user And the need for the fierce competition in the market in an invincible position. With the frequency converter market continues to expand, how to further enhance the ease-of-use inverter, so that the technical staff and even ordinary non-technical staff can quickly master the use of frequency converter technology has become manufacturers must consider the issue. Because only easy-to-use products can continue to acquire new customers 5 and further expand the market, so the future of the new converter will be more easy to operate. With the development of semiconductor technology and the development of power electronics technology, the frequency converter used in the various components of the life and reliability are constantly improving, they will make their own life and the frequency converter to further increase reliability. In recent years, people have attached great importance to environmental issues, and thus a "green products" name. Therefore, the inverter, must also consider its impact on the surrounding environment. Promote the use of the frequency converter in the early stages of the noise problem was once a big problem. With the low-noise converter IGBT the emergence of this issue has basically been resolved. However, with the noise problem to solve, people's looks and a converter to the surrounding environment and the impact of other continuously explore new solutions. For example, the use of a diode-voltage converter and PWM inverter circuit converter, the frequency converter itself the high harmonics will bring supply voltage and current distortion, and at the same power to affect the other equipment. However, through the use of the frequency converter Rectifier circuit PWM, we can basically solve the problem. Although 6 because of price and control technology and other aspects of the reasons for the current PWM converter has not been promoting the inverter, but, with the frequency converter technology development and the people of the importance of environmental issues. 7 PLC及变频器技术的发展趋势 1可编程控制器的发展趋势 可编程控制器是一种数字运算操作的电子系统，专为在工业环境下应用而设计。它采用可编程序的存储器，用来在其内部存储执行逻辑运算，顺序控制，定时，计数和算术运算等操作指令，并通过数字式，模拟式的输入和输出，控制各种类型的机械或生产过程。可编程控制器及其有关的设备，都应按易于与工业控制系统联成一个整体，易于扩充功能的原则而设计。 21世纪，PLC会有更大的发展。从技术上看，计算机技术的新成果会更多地应用于可编程控制器的设计和制造上，会有运算速度更快、存储容量更大、智能更强的品种出现；从产品规模上看，会进一步向超小型及超大型方向发展；从产品的配套性上看，产品的品种会更丰富、规格更齐全，完美的人机界面、完备的通信设备会更好地适应各种工业控制场合的需求；从市场上看，各国各自生产多品种产品的情况会随着国际竞争的加剧而打破，会出现少数几个品牌垄断国际市场的局面，会出现国际通用的编程语言；从网络的发展情况来看，可编程控制器和其它工业控制计算机组网构成大型的控制系统是可编程控制器技术的发展方向。目前的计算机集散控制系统DCS中已有大量的可编程控制器应用。伴随着计算机网8 络的发展，可编程控制器作为自动化控制网络和国际通用网络的重要组成部分，将在工业及工业以外的众多领域发挥越来越大的作用。 2. 变频器技术的发展动向 变频器进入实用期已超过了1/4个世纪，在此期间，作为变频器技术基础的电力电子技术和微电子技术都经理了飞跃性的发展，随着新型电力电子器件和高性能微处理器的应用以及控制技术的发展，变频器的性能价格比越来越高，体积越来越小，而厂家则仍然在不断地为实现变频器的进一步小型化而做着新的努力。从技术方面来看，随着变频器市场的进一步扩大，今后变频器技术将会随着与变频器有关的技术的发展在下面几个方面进一步得到发展： 大容量和小体积化； 高性能和多功能化； 易操作性的提高； 寿命和可靠性增加； 无公害化。 大容量化和小体积化将会随着电力半导体器件的发展而不断的到发展。近年来，采用电压驱动的电力半导体器件IGBT发展很快，并在迅速进入传统上使用BJT和功率MOSFET的各种领域。此外，以IGBT为开关器件的IPM和单片功率IC 芯片将功率开关器件与驱动电路，保护电路等集成在同一封装内，具有高性能和可靠性好的优点，所以随着它们在大电流化和高耐压化方面的发展，必将在中小型变频器中得到更加广泛的应用。 随着微电子技术和半导体技术的发展，用于变频器的CPU和半导体器件以及各种传感器的性能越来越高。而随着变频器技术的发展，交流调速理论日益成熟，现代控制理论也在不断得到新的应用。这些都为进一步提高变频器的性能提供了条件。此外，随着变频器的进一步推广应用，拥护也在不断提出各种新的要求，促使变频器的生产厂家不断地在提高变频器性能和变频器功能方面做出新的努力，以满足用户的需要和争取在激烈的市场竞争中立于不败之地。 随着变频器市场的不断扩大，如何进一步提高变频器的易操作性，使普通的技术人员甚至非技术人员也能很快的掌握变频器的使用技术已经成为厂家必须考虑的问题。因为只有容易操作的产品才能够不断获得新的用户，并进一步扩大市场，所以今后的新型变频器将更加容易操作。 随着半导体技术的发展和电力电子技术的发展，变频器中所使用的各种元器件的寿命和可靠性都在不断提高，这些都将使变频器本身的寿命和可靠性进一步增加。 近年来，人们对环境问题非常重视，并因此而出现了“绿色产品”10 的名称。因此，对于变频器来说，也必须考虑其对周围环境的影响。 在变频器推广应用的初期，噪声问题曾经是一个比较大的问题。随着IGBT的低噪声变频器的出现，这个问题已经基本上得到了解决。但是，随着噪声问题的解决，人们的目光又转向了变频器对周围环境的其它影响并在不断探索新的解决办法。例如，对于采用了二极管整流电路和电压形PWM逆变电路的变频器来说，变频器本身造成的高次谐波将给电源电压和电流带来畸变，并影响接于同一电源的其它设备。但是，通过在变频器中采用PWM整流电路，就可以基本上解决这个问题。虽然因为价格和控制技术等方面的原因目前采用PWM整流电路的变频器尚未得到推广，但是，随着变频器技术的发展和人们对环境问题的重视，不断减少变频器对环境的影响直至推出真正的无公害变频器也已经成为大势所趋。 11 12