新视野大学英语3Unit 5 gracefulhands分析课件.ppt

Graceful Hands,Interesting Epitaph,Lead-in,Back,Benjamin Franklin,Printer Benjamin Franklin 印刷工人本杰明富兰克林,Back,Shakespeare,Good friend,for Jesus sake forbear(克制，忍耐，容忍)To dig the dust enclosed here Blest be the men that spares these bones And curst be he that moves my bones 朋友，看在上帝的情分上，千万别掘此墓，动土者将受灾，保护者会得福。,Back,Earnest Hemingway,Pardon me for not getting up.请原谅我，我不起来了。,Back,Thomas Jefferson,Here was burned Thomas Jefferson,author of the Declaration of Independence,of the statute of Virginia for religious freedom and father of the University of Virginia.这里安葬着托马斯杰弗逊。他是独立宣言的起草人 弗吉尼亚宗教自由法案的起草人和弗吉尼亚大学的创始人。,Back,Dwight Wallace(founder of Readers Digest),The most perfect contraction.最完美的压缩。,Back,A Mule,Here lies Maggie,the mule who in her time kicked a general,two colonels,four majors,ten captains,twenty-four lieutenants,forty sergeants,two hundred and twenty privates,and a bomb.军骡马吉葬在这里。在她的一生中，她踢过一个上将，两个上校，四个少校，十个上尉，二十四个士官，二百二十个士兵和一枚炸弹。,Back,Think,If you are allowed to choose one word to describe your whole life on your epitaph,which word would you choose?Why?diligent,beautiful,graceful,intelligent,wise,Back,Proverbs on Death,Death frees us from ills.Death pays all debts.Death is common to all.Death is inevitable.Human beings are mortal.Every one has the right to die with dignity.,Pre-reading Activities,Back,More are mens ends marked than their lives before:The setting sun,and music at the close,as the last of sweets,is sweetest last,writ in remembrance more than things long past.Shakespeare人在临终的时候总比他们以往要引人注目。正如夕阳的余辉、乐曲的终了、杯底的美酒一样，留给人的记忆最温馨、最甜蜜、也最久远。莎士比亚,Back,Hospice,Hospice,in the earliest days,was a concept rooted in the centuries-old idea of offering a place of shelter and rest,or hospitality to weary and sick travelers on a long journey.(（宗教团体开办的）旅客招待所)Dame Cicely Saunders at St.Christophers Hospice in London first applied the term hospice to specialized care for dying patients in 1967.(（晚期病人的）安养院；收容所，救济院)Today,hospice care provides humane and compassionate care for people in the last phases of incurable disease so that they may live as fully and comfortably as possible.,Back,End-of-Life Care Giving Volunteers,What role can volunteers play in the great cause of end-of-life care giving?,References,1.at the heart of hospice 2.the backbone of the hospice movement 3.an indispensable part of any hospice program,Back,What can volunteers do for the terminally ill patients?,References,a.Support services-companionship,friendly visiting,active listening,bedside sitting,letter writing.b.Sharing hobbies and special interests-reading,gardening,listening to music,sports,travel,crafts,etc.c.Assisting with errands-grocery shopping,picking up prescriptions and supplies,banking.d.Transport patient/family-appointments,shopping,social outings.e.Homemaking tasks-light housekeeping,dishes,laundry,meal preparation,child care.,Back,What can volunteers gain from this special experience?,References,a blessinga constant source of inspirationan honor and a privilege,Back,1.precede v.1)在之前发生（或出现）；先于eg:She preceded me in the job.precede sth.with sth.以开始（或引导）eg:She preceded her speech with a smile.3.decay v.1)（使）腐烂；腐朽eg:decaying leaves/teeth/food 2)（建筑、地方等）破败，衰落，衰败eg:The inner city has decayed.3)（力量、影响等）衰弱，衰减。减退eg:The standards of morality have slowly decayed.,as,conj.,adv.,pron.,prep.,固定用法,引导定语从句,引导时间状语从句,引导原因状语从句,引导让步状语从句,引导方式状语从句,引导比较状语从句,PRACTICE,2.As的用法,一、作副词,“相同地”，“同样地”。They dont have as many airplanes.他们没有同样多的飞机。As before he remained unmoved.他和以往一样无动于衷.The“h”is silent as in“hour”.在hour这个词中,h不发音.,1.引导时间状语从句,John was having his dinner when I saw him.当我看到约翰的时候，他正在吃饭。She can write only when the baby is asleep.只有婴儿睡着的时候，她才能写作。We must strike while the iron is hot.趁热打铁。While we were reading,the teacher came in.我们正在读书的时候，老师走了进来。Thegirldancesasshesingsonthestage.那个女孩在舞台边唱歌边跳舞。,Helookedbehindfromtimetotimeashewentforward.当他朝前走时，不时地向后看。Astimewenton/by,shebecamemoreandmoreworried.随着时间的流逝，她变得越来越焦虑。As he grew older,he became more intelligent.随着他年龄的增长，他变得更有才智了。Ithoughtofitjustasyouopenedyourmouth.恰好在你开口时，我想到了它。,2.引导原因状语从句,because 语气最强,用于回答why 提出的或人们不知道的问题；as，一般放句首，语气弱，口语化，说明比较明显的原因；since书面语中，表对方已知的、或稍加分析便可得知的原因，有时译作“既然”。for 表附加的解释、说明或推理。不放句首I do it because I like it.He didnt go to school because he was ill.As she has been ill perhaps shell need some help.It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet.,3.引导让步状语从句,“虽然，尽管”，although语气稍正式些，可放在句首，句中，不能再用but，但可以用yet；as所表示的语气较强，引导的让步状语从句用倒装语序；however引导让步状语从句时，后面可跟形容词或副词，也要用倒装语序。Although they are poor they are happy.Angry as he was,he managed to speak calmly.However hard the question is,he can answer it.,注意：当as引导让步状语从句时，句子的倒装语序有以下三种形式：(1).形容词或副词+as+主语+连系动词be或实义动词。例如：Rich as he is,he never spends a cent on clothes.Much as I admire his courage,I dont think he acted wisely.(2).名词+as+主语+连系动词be(注意句首的名词不带冠词)。Child as he is,he knows a lot.Boy as he was,he was chosen king.。(3).实义动词+as+主语+助动词Try as he may,he never succeeds.Change your mind as you will,you will gain no additional support.,4.引导方式状语从句，,“如”，“像”，“按照的方式Remember,youmustdoeverythingasIdo.记住，你必须按照我做的那样做一切。注意：like在非正式语体中可以有与as相同的用法.I cant sing like I used to.我不能像以前那样唱歌了。He writes just like his brother did when he was young.他现在写文章正像他哥哥年轻时写文章一样。,5.引导比较状语从句,用于“as.as.或notso/as.as.”中,前一个as是副词,后一个as是连词，“如(不如)一样”。IdontspeakEnglishso/aswellashedoes.注意：句中连词as后面的代词实际是省略了与主句相同的部分，At your age you cant expect to play football as well as me(=as I do).You hate her as much as you hate me.你恨她像恨我一样深.,三、作代词,(1).用于the same.as结构中(2).用于such.as结构中(3).用于“so+adj.+a/an+n.(单数)+as”This is the same watch as I have lost.这块手表跟我丢失的那块一样。I dont like such novels as you recommend.我不喜欢你推荐的那些小说。I am not so strong a man as I was.我已经没有从前那么强壮了。,2.as单独引导定语从句,as单独引导定语从句时，先行词可以是一个词，也可以是一个句子或短语。She is late,as is often the case.她迟到了，这是经常的事。(先行词是整个主句)To shut your eyes to facts,as many of you do,is foolish.对事实视而不见-你们好多人都是如此的愚蠢。(先行词是不定式),四、作介词，,1.表示“好像(某人)”2.表示“作为，当作”，3.表示“当某人是(某身份)时。4.表示“因某人是(某身份)”，,They entered the building disguised as cleaners.他们化装成清洁工人的模样进入大楼。I found a job as a teacher.我找了一份教师的工作As a child,she was sent to three different countries.她儿时去过三个不同的国家。As her private secretary he has access to all her correspondence.他是她的私人秘书，能接触到她所有的信件。,as引导的介词短语大多用作状语，as译为“作为”，As a Party member,Ill take the lead in everything.(状语)Tom has me as one of his best friends.(引起宾语补足语)as“以实际的身份或地位”。like“与相似，以与相类似的方式”。He spoke as a teacher.他作为老师发言./他以老师的身份发言.He spoke like a teacher.他讲话很像是老师”。,五、用于一些固定搭配,1.asgood as差不多，几乎2.suchas,suchas 像这样的3.such as 例如4.asfor=with regard to sb/sth.至于某人（某事物）5.asto=as regards sth.至于某事物；提到某事物6.soasto 以便,为了7.as a matter of fact 事实上，其实8.as a result 作为结果9.as a result of 由于/作为的结果10.as a rule 通常；一般说来11.as a whole 总体上,as far as 那么远，直到；达到程度；as far as I know/can see 就我所知/依我看 so/as far as sb/sth.is concerned 就sb/sth.而言 as follows 如下 as if/though 好象，仿佛 as long as 达之外，长达 as long as 只要 as much as 尽那样多；差不多 as soon as 一就 as soon as possible 尽快 as usual 像往常一样，照例,as well 也，同样，不妨(句尾）as well as(除之外)也，既又as.as.象，如同，与一样as many as/as much asthink of as treatasconsideraswork asact asbe well-known as,4.sour adj.1)酸的；有酸味的 n.sournesseg:sour apples 2)酸腐的；馊的eg:to turn/go sour 3)（人）阴郁的；闷闷不乐的；没好气的eg:a sour face/smile v.（使）变坏；恶化eg:The disagreement has soured their friendship.vinegar 醋 vinegary adj.醋的；酸的；有醋味的5.reach for 伸出以触及,6.pit n.1)深洞；深坑;煤矿；矿井eg:We dug(dig)a deep pit in the yard.2)the pit of your/the stomach 心窝；心底 v.pit sb./sth.against sth.使竞争；使较量；使经受考验7.switch v.1)（使）改变；转变；突变eg:switch sth.(over/from sth.)to sth.2)交换；掉换；转换；对调 switch sth.with sth.eg:I switch my glass with hers.3)调班；换班eg:Will you switch with me?n.1)开关；闸；eg:a light switch,8.skeleton n.1)骨骼；骨架；骨骼标本eg:The disease has reduced her to a skeleton.2)梗概；提纲；提要；轮廓 3)staff,crew,etc.基干人员eg:There will only be a skeleton staff on duty over the holiday.9.loose adj.1)未固定的；松动的；松散的；零散的eg:a loose button/tooth/hair 2)不结实的；不坚固的；疏松的eg:loose soil v.1)释放；放任；不受约束 2)松开；放开,10.tape v.1)把录在磁带上 tape sth.2)用胶带粘住；用带子系紧 tape sth.up 3)用绷带包扎 tape sth.up11.secure v.1)获得；取得；实现eg:secure a contract/a place/votes 2)栓牢；扣紧；关严 secure sth.to sth.eg:She secured the rope to the back of bike.3)保护；保卫；使安全 secure sth.(against sth.)eg:secure ones future12.fluid adj.1)流动的；液体的 2)流畅优美的 fluid dancing/piano playing/song,13.sunken(sink v.)adj.1)沉没的；沉入水底的；a sunken ship 2)凹陷的；深陷的 sunken eyes14.even adj.1)平的；平滑的；平坦的 2)均匀的；均等的；相等的eg:Our scores are even now.3)镇静的；稳重的；平和的；温和的eg:She has a very even temperature.15.feel for 摸索着寻找；对（某人）产生某种感情,16.scarce adj.缺乏的；不足的；稀少的 eg:scarce resources scared adj.害怕的；恐惧的；担心的 be scared of sb./sth.(doing sth.)sacred adj.宗教的；神圣的；受崇敬的，值得崇敬的；有宗教性质的 17.moisture n.水分；湿气；潮湿 moist adj.湿润的；潮湿的 moisten v.（使）变得潮湿；变得湿润18.slide v.1)（使）滑行；滑动eg:We slid down the grassy slope.2)降低；衰落 slide from to n.幻灯片过去式：slid 过去分词：slid slidden,19.ease v.1)（使）宽慰；减轻；减缓eg:This should help ease the pain.It would ease my mind to know that she was safe.2)缓和；放松20.procedure n.程序；手续；步骤 procedure for sth.21.manage v.1)处理；解决；应付;设法做到;成功完成 eg:manage with sth./manage to do sth.2)凑活着活下去；支撑 manage on sth.eg:He has to manage on 50 yuan a week.3)管理；负责,22.liquid n.液体 adj.1)液体的；液态的；eg:liquid soap 2)清澈的，明亮的，晶莹的；清脆的；流畅的eg：liquid blue eyes/the liquid sound23.go about(sth.)继续做某事；忙于做某事，着手/开始做某事eg:Lets go about the work separately.24.provide v.1)提供；供应；给予 provide sb.(with sth.)/provide sth.(for sb)eg:The goverment should provide free service for the public.2)规定；法律；规则（that）eg:The final principle provides that,25.famine n.饥荒；饥饿；极度缺乏eg:a severe famine/famine relief/widespread famine26.lid n.盖；盖子eg:I cant get the lid off this cup.keep the lid on sth.守口如瓶；遮掩；隐瞒/控制；抑制 lift the lid on sth./take the lid off sth.27.rub v.1)擦；磨；搓；（使）相互摩擦 rub sth.(with)sth.eg:She rubbed her chin thoughtfully.2)涂；抹；搽eg:She rubbed lotion into her skin.28.free adj.不受限制的；不受约束的；无阻碍的；畅通的 freely adv.,29.outline n.1)概述；梗概 eg:This is a brief outline of the event.2)略图；草图 eg:an outline map/sketch v.1)概述；略述 eg:We outlined our proposals to the committee.2)勾勒；描画 eg:I briefly outlined the huge building.30.perfectly adj.1)完美的；完备的；完全的；2)完全正确的；准确的；地道的 3)优秀的；最佳的；极好的；很好的 adv.1)完全地；非常；十分eg:Its perfectly normal to feel like this.2)完美地；完好地；圆满地eg:It fits perfectly.,31.not until用法总结,基本结构 强调句结构 倒装句结构,We did not get off the bus until it stopped.,基本结构：,主句,从句,直到车停了，我们才下了公交车。,Not until 的基本结构,not 主句+until+从句,Not until 在强调句中,It was not until _that _,We did not get off the bus until it stopped.,it stopped,we got off the bus,主句,从句,肯定形式,强调句结构：It is/was not until+从句+that+主句,例：直到我成为我们班的班长，我才意识到团队合作的重要性。,1、用not until的基本结构翻译,I did not realize the importance of team work until I became monitor of our class.,2、用It is/was not until 从句 that.结构表示,It was not until _that_,Not until 在倒装句中,倒装结构：Not until+从句+倒装的主句,We did not get off the bus until it stopped.,Not until _ _,it stopped,did we get off the bus,倒装,we did get off the bus,从句,主句,Not until two days after earthquake _(她发现)her mother alive.(find),解题步骤：,判断句型：Not until 在句首考倒装。,2.回忆结构：Not until 从句+倒装的主句,she found her mother alive,did she find her mother alive,倒装,Not until 用法总结,基本结构：,not+主句+until+从句,强调句结构：,It is/was not until+从句+that+主句,倒装句结构:,Not until+从句+倒装的主句,主倒从不倒,直到她摘掉眼镜，我才认出来她是明星。,I did not realize she was a star until she took off her glasses.,强调句结构,It was not until she took off her glasses that I realized she was a star.,倒装句结构,Not until she took off her glasses did I realize she was a star.,主句倒装,32.hint n.1)暗示；提示；eg:Can you give me a hint?2)征兆；迹象；eg:At the first hint of trouble,they left.3)一丝；少量；eg:a hint of smile 4)秘诀；窍门；eg:a hint/hints on sth33.as though 和as if:as though 是书面语比as if正式，意思上没有区别。eg:He treats me as if/as though I were a stranger.34.sense v.感觉到；意识到；觉察到eg:Sensing danger,they started to run.,35.curl v.1)卷；（使）卷曲；curl upeg:She curled up and closed her eyes.2)撅起（嘴唇）eg：curl ones lip/ones lip curls36.interval n.（时间上的）间隔；间隙；间歇eg:The interval between two classes is 10 minutes.37.shallow adj.1)浅的 eg:The water is quite shallow.2)(指人、作品、思想)浅薄的；肤浅的 3)（呼吸）浅的；微弱的eg:He was breathing shallowly.,38.swell（swelled,swolen）v.1)膨胀；肿胀 swell upeg:Her arm was beginning to swell up where the bee had stung her.2)（使）凸出；鼓出 swell sth.outeg:The wind swelled out the sails 3)（使）增加；增大；扩大eg:Membership has swelled to over 2000.4)充满（激情）swell with sth.39.privilege n.1)特殊利益；优惠待遇；特权；特殊待遇eg:Education should be a universal right and not a privilege.2)荣幸；荣耀；光荣eg:It was a great privilege to hear her sing.,40.spare adj.1)不用的；闲置的eg:Im afraid I havent got any spare cash.2)备用的；外加的eg:a spare key/tyre/clothes 3)空闲的；空余的eg:He is studying music in his spare time.v.1)抽出；拨出；留出；匀出eg:Can you spare a feww minutes for me?2)省去；免去eg:She wants to spare her mothers pain.3)饶恕；赦免；放过；,41.equip v.1)装备；配备 equip sth.with sth.2)使有所准备；使具备能力 equip sb.with sth.for sth.eg:This course is designed to equip students for a job.42.have sb.do sth.(make/let sb do sth.)让某人做某事,强调一次性的动作。have sb/sth.doing sth是指让某人一直做某事，强调动作的持续性、连续性或者动作的反复性 have sth.done 让被做eg:I will have someone repair the bike for you.Youd better have your car runing slowly.eg:We just had the machine repaired.,43.associate v.联想；联系 eg:associate sb./sth.with sb./sth.n.同事；伙伴 eg:business associate adj.非正式的；副的 eg:associate director/membership44.concert n.音乐会；演奏会 in concert with sb./sth.与合作（或同心协力）concerted adj.努力的；共同筹划决定的；同心协力的；eg:a concerted approach/attack/campaign/effort,谢谢观赏,1.promising adj.有前途的，有希望的，前景很好的2.vigorous adj.精力充沛的；充满活力的；活跃的；积极的 vigor n.体力;精力;活力 3.screw n.螺丝钉4.go up to 进；入；去 eg:Go up to your room!/go up to London 5.deliberate adj.故意的；蓄意的；深思熟虑的；慎重的6.vapor n.水汽，水蒸气7.so that 以便；结果，以致；8.germ n.细菌；病菌9.license v.同意；批准；许可,10.startle v.(使)震惊;(使)大吃一惊;(使)惊吓11.approach v.1)靠近；接近；走近 2)探讨；处理；对待 3)（某事）临近；来临 sth.approaches 4)与接洽；找商量 approach sb.about sth.n.1)路径;途径;道路 the approach to sp.2)方法;态度;手段 the approach to(doing)sth.12.confident adj.确信的，深信的；有信心的，沉着的；13.regardless adv.不顾后果地;不管怎样;无论如何;不顾一切地 regardless of 不顾；不管；不论 eg:regardless of religion,colour,race14.survive v.比活得久;比长寿 surrvive sb.,15.set about(doing)sth.开始做某事e about 产生;发生 come across 偶然发现;偶然遇见17.lifespan n.（人、动植物的）寿命;（产品等的）预期使用期限；18.desirable adj.令人满意的；称心的；受欢迎的19.call for 要求；需求；号召；呼吁 20.divide v.（使）分开；（使）分散;（使）分裂 divide into 21.thank to 幸亏，多亏，由于 due to 由于；因为；应归功于；应归咎于；22.in part 在某种程度上，部分地；in short 简而言之，总之；一句话；,23.take place 发生，举行 take effect 生效，奏效 take back 收回;退回;归还 take away 拿走;夺走24.absent-minded adj.健忘的，心不在焉的，漫不经心的25.withdrawn adj.孤僻的，离群的；偏僻的26.promptly adv.敏捷地；迅速地；立即地；27.unfavorable adj.不利的；令人不快的；不吉利的；相反的；反对的28.customary adj.习惯的；通常的；习俗的，惯例的29.it is expected that 预计；预估30.inferiority n.劣势；下等；自卑 inferior adj.低劣的；下级的；下等的；下面的,31.unlike adj.不相似;不同eg：They are so unlike nobody would believe they were twins.prep.与（某事物）不同;不像.eg：Her latest novel is quite unlike her earlier work.dislike v.不喜欢,讨厌（某人/某事物）eg：My mother dislikes seeing you with me/dislikes our being together.I like cats but dislike dogs.我喜欢猫,不喜欢狗.n.U不可数 不喜欢;反感 eg：a strong dislike of modern poetry 对现代诗的强烈反感.,现在分词作状语,现在分词作状语：时间，条件，伴随方式，原因，结果1.时间状语：Working in the factory,he learned a lot from the workers.(分词一般式）Having read the letter,she got very excited.（完成式）,注：现在分词作时间,原因状语：如果分词所表示的动作和谓语的动作同时发生或几乎同时发生，用现在分词的一般式。如果分词动作明显在谓语之前发生，用现分完成式。Hearing the news,they all