定语从句介词+which 介词+whom课件.ppt

1,1.This is the novel _ interests me.2.The magazine _ I bought yesterday is lost.3.The man _ is talking with my sister is a policeman.4.He lives in a room_ window faces north.,Revision,that/which,(that/which),who,whose,2,I agree with the idea _ you approve of.,（that/which/不填）,做of 的宾语,I agree with the idea you approve of which.,I agree with the idea of which you approve.,请还原which 在从句中的位置,当关系代词充当定于从句中某一介词的宾语时，通常把介词提前，用“介词关系代词”来引导定语从句。,3,介词+which（指物）而不用 that 介词+whom（指人）而不用 who,注意：,当介词前置时，只能用 whom 指人，which 指物,4,This is the boy.I played tennis _the boy yesterday.Well go to hear the famous singer.We have often talked _the famous singer.,with,about,This is the boy whom/that/who I played tennis with yesterday.,Well go to hear the famous singer whom/who/that/we have often talked about.,with,about,5,This school is very famous.He once studied _ this school.Tomorrow Ill bring here the magazine.You asked _the magazine.,in,for,This school which/that/he once studied in is very famous.,Tomorrow Ill bring here the magazine which/that/you asked for.,in,for,6,在介词+which/whom 引导定语的从句中，我们需要注意以下几点,1,在非正式的英语表达中，介词常常在定语从句的句尾。page.28.2,2,当介词处于定于从句的句尾时“whom”“which”可以用“that”代替“whom”可以用“who”替代。Page.28.3,3,当关系代词充当定语从句中介词的宾语且介词位于定语从句句末时“which”“whom”可以省略。Page.28.4,7,4,在以 way为先行词的定语从句中通常由in which或that引导，此时way在定语从句中充当状语，而且通常可以省略。The way(that/in which)he answered the questions was surprising.他回答这些问题的方式令人惊奇。I dont like the way(that/in which/)you laugh at her.我不喜欢你嘲笑她的样子。,8,补充 当the way 在定语从句中做主语或是宾语时，与普通先行词无异,I want to know the way he told you yesterday.,(that/Which),tell sb.sth.,9,介词的选用原则1)根据定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭 配来决定。如：This is the book on which I spent 8 yuan.This is the book for which I paid 8 yuan.,spend money on sth.为固定搭配,pay money for sth.为固定搭配,10,2)根据先行词的搭配习惯来决定。如：I remember the day on which I joined the League.I remember the days during which I lived here.I remember the month in which I stayed there.,强调在具体某一天要用介词on,强调在某几天时间内要用介词during,在month前介词要用in,11,3)根据定语从句所表达的意义来确定Oxygen,_ which man cant live,is really important.氧气特别重要，没有它，人不能生存。The pen _which he is writing now was bought yesterday.他现在用的那支钢笔是昨天买的。,without,with,12,4注意：属于固定搭配的动词短语，介词一般不能提前.常见的这类动词短语有:look for/after/forward to,care for(照顾，喜欢）hear of/about/from,take care of(优化方案P75)例如 This is the right place Im looking for.The girl whom he is looking after is his sister.,13,1.Do you know the girl_ our head teacher is talking?2.I cant find my dictionary _I paid over$100.3.This is the good car_ _I spent all my money.4.She is the teacher _all his students show respect.5.The teacher_ _you have been waiting is coming in a minute.,More Practice,to/with/about whom,for which,on which,to whom,for whom,talking to/with/about the girl,pay for the dictionary,spend money on the car,show respect to the teacher,waiting for the teacher,14,1)The German boss_ the actress works is a kind person.2)The host _ _ the guest speaker works likes singing.3)The pen friend _ the poet writes is good at literature.,for whom,with whom,to whom,test yourself,15,China is a beautiful country,_ _ we are proud.Do you remember the day _ _ you joined our club?This is the house _ _ I lived two years ago.In the dark street,there wasnt a single person _ _ she could turn for help.In the dark street,there wasnt a single person _ _ she could ask for help.,of,on which,in which,to whom,from whom,which,Fill in the blanks with“介词+which/whom”:,16,Have you met the person _ he was speaking?He is the man _ you can turn for help.,The farm _ we worked then years ago isnt what it used to be.This is the tree _ we used to play games.,The pen _ he is writing now was bought yesterday.The gas _ we can not live is called oxygen.,More examples,about whom,to whom,on which,under which,with which,without which,17,1.定语从句中关系副词有：when,where,why 2.关系副词在定语从句中所作的成份：关系副词在定语从句中都作状语。when 作时间状语；where 作地点状语；why 作原因状语,定语从句中关系副词的用法,18,He remember the day when his father died.I went back to the place where I was born and grew up.Please give me the reason why you were late this time.,when 作时间状语，意为 on the day,where 作地点状语，意为in the place,why作原因状语，意为for the reason,19,3.并非先行词是表示时间、地点和原因的词时都用when,where,why，若先行词在定语从句中不作状语，而是作主语或宾语，就必须用which或that 如：We often think of the days we spent together in the countryside.,which在定语从句中作宾语,Which,比较:We often think of the days we worked together in the countryside.,when,when在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于 on the days,20,We believe the reason he told us.比较:The reason he was absent yesterday is still unknown.,that,why,做宾补,做原因状语,21,4.关系副词when,where和why也可用“介词+which”来代替，要注意其先行词（名词）与介词的合理搭配，介词根据先行词或定语从句的谓语动词来确定。when 相当于“at/in/during+which”where 相当于“in/at/on+which”why 相当于“for+which”,22,1,Is this the day I visited the museum?2,This is the reason he didnt come to the meeting.,when/on which,why/for which,3,The reason he was absent yesterday is still unknown.,for which/why,23,Ill never forget the day when I joined the league.,句中when相当于on which,where在定语从句中作地点状语，相当于“介词+关系代词（which）”如：This is the room where Lu Xun once lived.,句中when相当于in which,Detailed explanation,when 在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于“介词+关系代词（which）”。如：,24,why在定语从句中作原因状语，相当于“介词for+关系代词（which）”如：Do you know the reason why she was late?It rained heavily,for which he was late for the class.,25,思考,是否所有的介词+关系代词都能用关系副词代替?,1.The painting(_ I looked)was painted by me.2.The book(_ I heard)was written twenty years ago.,at which,about which,26,3.The pen(_)she wrote that book)can now be seen in a museum.4.Kunming is a beautiful place(_)flowers are seen all the year round.5.Yesterday we went to visit the house(_)the great writer used to live.,with which,where/in which,where/in which,27,6.I will never forgot the day(_)I first met you on the ship.7.The film(_I fell asleep)was very boring.结论：只有当“介词+关系代词”充当地点状语、时间状语或原因状语时，才能用关系副词代替。,on which/when,during which,28,Complete each sentence using an attributive clause.Answers:1._2._3._4._5._ _,(which)I know very little about,in which I bought my favorite dress,about which I told you about last week,from whom I got the cup,from whom we learn how to write with brushes,Part B,29,Fill in the blanks using the words and phrases on page 31.Answers:1._ 2._3._ 4._5._ 6._,why/for which,when/in which,where/in which,why/for which,where/in which,when/on which,