The whole process of construction project cost control of5485.doc

The whole process of construction project cost control of The whole process of construction project cost control, is generally divided into the decision-making phase of the project proposal and feasibility study report, the investment estimates, the design phase of the program design and budget for preliminary design and implementation phases of the project bidding in the pre-tender and the contract price, the construction in the process of dynamic construction costs and completion of settlement of the cost of auditing. Project cost audit as project cost control and management of an important means and monitoring mechanisms, to participate in the whole process of project construction supervision is very necessary.      For a long time, China's general neglect of the construction phase of the project preparatory work for the investment control, and control projects often focus on investment in the construction phase, project cost control is only on the construction drawing budget, the review of the settlement. Although the audit staff scrupulously strict project cost audit off, control project cost, save construction funds also played a huge role, but to control the project cost way there exists an obvious shortcomings, so that the project cost of the audit is still in a passive state. To solve this problem, the whole process of construction projects should be implemented cost control.      A decision-making phase of the investment control      Investment decision-making phase of the construction project cost control project cost control throughout the process has a decisive role in the overall vertical football. In particular, determining the level of construction standards and building site selection, process selection, equipment selection, etc. is directly related to the level of project cost. According to relevant statistics are in various stages of project construction, the investment decision-making phase of the highest degree of impact of construction costs can be achieved by 80% -90%. Therefore, the content of the decision-making decision-making phase of the project is to determine the project cost based on a direct impact on the decision-making stage of the project cost for each construction phase to determine and control whether the scientific and reasonable question. The focus and core of this phase is to do construction project feasibility study report review, and to enhance the investment and review the preparation of estimates to truly play the role of decision-making and control.      Second, the design phase of the investment control      The technical design stage of the project cost impact of the most prominent. To the end of the preliminary design, affecting the extent of project cost 75%; to the technical design phase, the extent of the impact of project cost is 35%; while to the start of construction, through technical organizational measures to save construction costs to the extent possible that only 5-10%. Obviously , control is the key to the construction project cost before the investment decision-making and design stage, while making investment decisions in the project, the control of project cost to be the key lies in the design. At this stage to prevent the lack of effective monitoring mechanisms, resulting in the design unit of economic responsibility, the preliminary design only from the architectural planning, building size, architectural space, structure type, etc. to consider, the one-sided pursuit of new, fine tip, to consider the cost indicators ill, or disregard for, and construction drawing design stage is often only concerned with technology, safety, design conservative, blind to increase the safety factor, the limit design enforced. Therefore, the use of functions to meet the project under the premise of rational design would substantially reduce project cost. Designed to fully tap the potential will be the key to controlling project cost, this should be placed on the following aspects:      (A) To strengthen awareness of and strengthen the concept.      Design units and design must foster the awareness and the concept of economic accounting to overcome skill-light economy, the conservative design of waste, to meet the construction units "The Joy of high (standard) very big (size)" requirements tendency; the technical and economic, design and estimate organically combine to overcome the "combine" the condition of disconnectedness.      (B) The emphasis on data collection.      Designers in the design before to fully understand the project proposal, feasibility reports, design task book to understand the hydrological, geological conditions; understand landforms, understand the process equipment, process, understanding and performance of new building materials.      (C) actively promote the design limit.      Design departments in accordance with the approved preliminary design and the total budget for the control of construction design and budget, guarantee the project will use functional and user requirements for building standards under the premise of the distribution of cost by the professional design limits to ensure the estimated budget for the play at every level control of the role of the project cost did not break through cost limit.      (D) promote the adoption of standard designs.      Standard designed to save design costs and shorten the design cycle can be better implemented the state's technical and economic policies can be suited to our natural conditions and level of technological development and rational use of energy, resources, materials and equipment, effective at the design stage control and one of the ways to reduce project cost.      (5) Implementing a system designed to reward and punishment.      For a long time the formation of heavy technology and design units of light the tendency of the economy because of the innovative designers have been recognized by society is a technical innovation (such as the construction and use of modeling function), and control project cost of innovation but not duly concern or even agree. Designers to lower construction costs on the task of digging out the design of the potential results, lack of recognition and rewards, but have to take risks. This will dampen their enthusiasm, resulting in the design units and personnel safety requirements, insurance, do not ask high and low cost; leading to the design of the "fat beam, fat column" and so raise the project cost phenomenon. The introduction of the risk of resourcefulness in the design and implement reward and punishment system, reward design excellence, project cost savings in the design, design of a waste of punishment those who caused economic losses of the design, will inspire designers to root out the design of the potential great importance to the economic design reasonable to control the project cost will be a big breakthrough. Reposted elsewhere in the paper for free download http:/      Third, the bidding phase of the investment control      To achieve fair competition in bidding management, first of all have a complete tender documents, tender under the same conditions to compete at the same time, should be prepared to pre-tender preparation, review, review and classification management. Secondly, we must strengthen supervision and management of tendering the work. Rigorous review of tender procedures to prevent the occurrence of trading power for money. Enhance the bidding process more transparent.      4, the construction phase of the investment control      Project implementation stage is the process of building the entire project time span of the longest and most varied stage, the whole process of construction project cost management is also the hardest, most complex, this difficulty is the engineering change and engineering claims. To strictly control the engineering change, visas. In the construction process should not arbitrarily increase the design content and improve standards, such as the need to change, to carry out stringent vetting procedures, the development of science engineering change control procedures, this should be placed on the following aspects:      (A) the construction organization design argument.      Construction organization design is a programmatic document guiding the construction is to ensure the smooth progress of projects to ensure project quality, effective control of an important tool for project cost. For the control of project cost for each construction project should be under the premise of guaranteeing quality, the construction programs of various technical, economic comparison analysis to choose the most rational utilization of manpower, material and financial resources of the program, and thus reduce the project cost. Good construction site management, construction of new technologies, new technology adoption, are able to maximize labor efficiency and reduce cost. In particular, infrastructure projects in the following areas, more attention should be paid; for example: construction methods using mechanical excavators, or manual digging? Selection of construction machinery is the excavator or a bulldozer? The water table situation, the need for precipitation? Require the use of light well point precipitation, or using large-diameter well point dewatering? Digging, transportation, back to fill, what is the traveling distance stonework? Determine the source and I soil Sinotrans soil specific locations where? These elements affect a significant proportion of project cost should be balanced, well construction organization design argument.      (B) improve the design changes and approval system.      Design subject to change, first, as far as possible the design change control in the design stage, the construction process in engineering design changes, will inevitably lead to waste; 2 should be changed as far as possible in advance, because changes to the earlier loss of less; three changes in each before the design must implement the project increase or decrease in volume and cost of analysis and design units by the original agreement, if the break after the change of the total project cost estimates, must be examined and approved by relevant departments to effectively prevent the adoption of design changes to increase the design content, improve the design standards, increase the project Cost to happen.      (C) a complete visa procedures concealed project site.      In infrastructure projects, shelter accounts for a significant proportion of project cost. After the completion of the ground due to the following sections within the whole field of vision is not this, in the absence of adequate on-site visa to work in the project settlement is bound to increase the difficulty, for which the construction site should be strictly controlled in every covert work visa, the establishment of a comprehensive covert project site visa formalities, change after the passive to active control of project cost in advance.      5, completion of final closure of the investment control      This phase of investment control is the focus of the project implementation phase. Strengthen budget team building and put a good budget, the quality of personnel off; check the accuracy of the real engineering quantity to calculate the amount of good works off; check the fixed number, the project name and specifications, a good job of applying the fixed and approval; investigation materials, unit price, a good job of the cost of materials and approval; strictly on-site visa and approval; search fee of the standard is reasonable, a good job of taking the standards of charges and approval.      The whole process of the implementation of construction projects, cost control, strengthening the process of supervision, after the audit extended to advance in a matter of the audit. Advance stage in the overall investment project concept, design, bidding and construction contract signed in control; something positive with the various departments to strengthen the construction process of cost control and management, do not exceed estimates, not more to pay for projects ; after doing a good job clearing the project and completion of the audit of the accounts work, and the whole process of construction project cost control. Reposted elsewhere in the paper for free download http:/