The origin and development of Huangmei Opera黄梅戏史英语论文.doc

The origin and development of Huangmei OperaAbstract : The origin of the Huangmei Opera is controversial.After a series of trials, it finally becomes one of the five major operas in China from its beginning of countryside song . And we expect the Huangmei Opera can reach another high record in its history.Key words: origin Huangmei Opera development The development of Huangmei Opera is not going well. It looks like an impoverished student, relying on his own hard work, continuously keeping up with the times and adapt himself to the changing times. As time goes by, Huangmei Opera gradually win its frame and status.1. The origin of Huangmei OperaAbout Huangmei Opera, the only thing certain is that this art came from China. There exists the controversy both in its original land and the time of formation.1.1 Huangmei Opera produced in Hubei Province, Qian Long period of Qing Dynasty.There is idea that the history of Huangmei Opera is more over 220 years. In another word, it produced in Qian Long period. This saying is lack of rationale. People who hold this view tell that Huangmei Opera is same to the tea-picking song which is popular in Huangmei County of Hubei Province. Because of the flood in 1785, some people who have lived in Hubei Province escaped to Anqing County of Anhui Province for surviving. And that is also the reason why other people hold the idea that Anqing is the original land of Huangmei Opera.1.2 Huangmei Opera produced in Anhui Province, Xian Feng period of Qing Dynasty.Another opinion about the birthplace and the formation time of Huangmei Opera is that it produced in Xian Feng period. I also agree with this opinion for the following reasons. (1) The tea-picking song is used to singing when the labor doing their jobs. Its just a kind of musical formation. It express singers own inner world not others. But as we all know, the opera is the performance that show the stories by the performers, not just a song. And the opera is almost the stories of others not performers own experience. So the tea-picking songs are not opera. (2) In the Qian Long period, the literary inquisition control people's mind. Huangmei Opera is recognized as betrayed Chinese traditional moral principle. There is no circumstance for the development of Huangmei Opera. But at the late nineteenth Century to the early twentieth Century , the social atmosphere of Anqing county is relatively loose. So Anhui to Huangmei Opera as water to a fish. It's benefit to the development of Huangmei Opera.2. The development of Huangmei Opera As free from the limitation of the social environment, Huangmei Opera gradually being flourishing.2.1 Before the liberationHuangmei Opera gradually being professional,and steps to the stage of city from the rural area. When Huangmei Opera entered into Anqing County, it has cooperated with Peking Opera.And it is influenced by Yueju Opera, Yangju Opera, Huaiju Opera and Pingju Opera, the performance of the form and content have changed a lot. The music is fewly changed from the traditional singing, reducing the accent in virtual acoustic contrast. It becomes bright, smooth, and easy to understand to the audience. The performance absorbed other brother drama action programs and enriched the means of expression. In other aspect, such as clothing, make-up and stage settings, also become more suitable to common appreciation. And it adds many new scripts.Such as Wen Suchen, Hongbi Yuan, Huali Yuan and Mifeng Ji.2.2 After the liberation In 1952, Anqing Opera artist performed the script,Da Zhucao and Lanqiao Hui in Shanghai.Since then, Huangmei Opera grew to a famous national drama from Anqing local opera . In 1955, the Goddess Marriage directed by Shi Hui shocked the extra world . Then it caused a fever of film based on the music of Huangmei Opera in Hong Kong. These films gave fresh impetus to Huangmei Opera.At the same time, Anhui province and Anqing County Opera Troupe took decades to create a large number of actors. Except for the outstanding elder generation performers, for example,Yan Fengying and Wang Shaohang, there are also lots of young generation actors, the present are Ma Lan and Han Zaifen.After the liberation, Huangmei Opera artists made up the old scripts and created numerous new playbooks.Goddess Marriage, Nv Fuma and the Cowherd and the Weaving Maid continuously moved to the big screen ,and they created big influence in the domestic and foreign world. Then Huangmei Opera hit its historical record.待添加的隐藏文字内容33.The future of Huangmei OperaIn recent years, similar with the other traditional dramas, the development of Huangmei Opera also faces a several problems. For this kind of situation, the artists try to carry out some reforms and innovations on the basis of inheriting the tradition.The Operas history length is not important, it cant affect our love to them. On the contrary , Huangmei Opera's short history, open characters and creating nature let us make a basic judgment on its current state. Relying on the continuous learning, absorbing and digesting, Huangmei Opera is very influential ,even though it appears relatively late , the Huangmei Opera catches up from behind."Read ten thousand books, traveling thousands of miles", Huangmei Opera created something not classic into classic, and it is not affected by classical restraint to continuously create new classics.References: 1 Stephen Teo. M.Hong Kong Cinema .2003 2 严凤英，艺术历程M，合肥；天马出版社 3 土长安，黄梅戏通论，合肥：安徽人民出版社 4 黄梅戏音乐概论，安徽戏剧，1989（3）