The Characteristics and Translation of News English.doc

新闻英语的特点及其翻译The Characteristics and Translation of News EnglishContentsAbstract.1Key words.1General Introduction.1Part II Introduction on Auditory News English3II The Characters of VOA Special English.42.1 Using Plain Words and Phrases. 4 2.2 Broadcasting at Slow Speed4 2.3 Clear and Concise Sentence Structure .4III The Characters of VOA Standard English.4IV Translation of Auditory English Auditive Translation.5 4.1 Unfamiliar Words, Phrases and Proper Nouns.5 4.2 Unfamiliar Multiple Meanings of a Given Word5 4.3 Incorrect Pronunciation.6IV How to Solve the Problems in the Auditive Translation.6Part III Brief introduction on American and English newspapers and magazines.7 1.1 American Newspapers.7 1.2 Great Britains Newspapers8 1.3 Political Trend of the Western Newspapers.9II The Characteristics of the Headline and Its Translation.9 2.1 Concision and Clarity 92.2 Rhetoric.10 2.3 Ellipsis.11 2.4 Tense.11 3.5 Abbreviations and Acronyms.11III Diction in the Body of the News.12 3.1 Words of Special Trait and Color of the News.12 3.2 Midget Word12 3.3 Abbreviation13 3.4 Provisional Invented Words.13 3.5 New Words.14 3.6 Euphemism.14IV Characters of the passage.144.1 Grammatical Characters.144.2 Syntactical Characters.15V Cultural elements in translation.15 5.1 Differences by Living Environment16 5.2 The Language Reflects the Historical Background of the People16 5.3 The Popularity of Religion Has Produced Many Religious Expression.16VI Analysis on news language.176.1 Proverb and Apothegm.17 6.2Electoral Language.18VIIConclusion.19References19The Characteristics and Translation of News English摘要：随着我国加入世界贸易组织，国际间交流日益频繁。当今世界竞争激烈，科学技术发展日新月异。科技交流促进各国经济发展突飞猛进。而所有这些都离不开信息的传播。新闻翻译以其特有的方式有效、快速地传播信息并将信息呈现献给所有读者。新闻英语的学习是掌握英语的一件利器，在扩大词汇量，拓宽知识面，提高阅读速度及新闻的听力水平方面很有帮助；对于英语专业毕业生，特别是计划从事新闻传播，新闻报道和记者行业的人，需要学习和研究这方面的资料。关键词：新闻英语；新闻翻译新闻传播 Abstract: The communication with the world becomes more and more frequently since our country entered into the WTO. The world of today gets more competitive, and the development of technology changes faster and faster. The interaction and communication of science and technology promotes the rapid developments of economy of different nations. However, all of the above depends on the exchanging and spreading of information. The translation of News English transmits the information in an effective and prompt way. Meanwhile, the learning of News English would be of great help in learning the English language, in the aspects of enlarging the vocabulary, broadening the knowledge, and improving the reading speed and listening ability. For the graduates of English major, especially who want to engage in the reportorial career, they need to learn and study materials of this domain.Key words: News English News Translation News TransmissionGeneral IntroductionIn my paper, I will repectively explore the characteristics of auditive news English and written news English. On the aspect of translation, I will focus on the translation of news paper.First we should understand the definition of news. So what is news? A western saying is: its not news if a dog bites a man, it is news that if a man bites a dog. While hilarious, it tells the readers from one perspective that news should be interesting at first; others break the word NEWS into N, E, W and S, which respectively represents north, east, west and south. We combine the first letters of the four directions and get “news”. That means news is a kind of record to write down some happenings in different direction.The generally accepted definition by Chinese is: news is the message and its report of the recent facts. Timeliness and reliability are of the two basic elements. （马建国p2-3）Although different news is regarded with different characters, news report has got some general characters in common, for example, news English still maintains the well-known writing style of “inverted pyramid” and writing principle of 5Ws(Who, What, When, Where, and occasionally Why) E.g. “Sinopec: no new oil refineries scheduledSINOPEC, the flagship of Chinas petrochemical industry, has announced that no new oil refineries will be set up in the country for at least three years. “We will upgrade our existing enterprises through overall technological renovation, rather than launching new projects in the near future or early in the next century,” Sheng Huaren, president of the China Petrochemical Corporation (Sinopec), said. The reform will help Sinopec reduce its total investment in the Ninth-Five-Year Plan (1996-2000) to 150 billion Yuan ($18 billion), from the previously planned 180 billion Yuan ($22 billion), Sheng said.Sinopec has led the rapid growth of Chinas petrochemical industry since its establishment in 1983.The amount of processed crude oil in the country climbed to 118 million tons last year, from 70 million tons in 1983.But domestic petrochemical enterprises have to increase economic efficiency and enhance their competitiveness since more and more foreign companies have entered China and made market competition even more fierce,” Sheng said.“Expanding production capacity of old enterprises through intensive technological renovation has been proved more economical and efficient than building new ones,” he said.”Let us make an analysis on the piece of news above:Paragraph 1 reported: No new oil refineries will be set up for at least three years in China.Paragraph 2 and 3 made an explanation, expansion and supplement by quoting the General Managers words.Paragraph 4, 5 and 6 give the background information.Paragraph 7 and 8 are the important contents that are related to the main idea of the news.The writing style of this piece of news is one typical “inverted pyramid” structure. The News Lead is a simple and clear statement. The paragraphs afterwards explain, expand and supply the News Lead, and therefore potently support the News Lead.Part II .Introduction on Auditory News EnglishPeople are used to taking written English on newspapers, journals or magazines as News English, while they neglect that the auditory news is also the most important news English manifestation. Auditory News English has great scientific research value whether when we refer to its characters, its utility and its function in improving the listening ability or taking the listening tests. The most famous auditory news English includes BBC, VOA, and CRI etc. In this paper, we will take VOA as an example to make an analysis on auditory news English.After the World War II, more and more people are interested in English language. However, their English level is too poor to catch up the VOA Standard English because of its speedy pronunciation. In order to meet the demand of English beginners and people whose second language is English, VOA started to set a program named “Special English” since October 19th, 1959. At the beginning, Americans abroad fiercely opposed this program, however, it became very popular with the listeners in the region where they did not speak English, and the VOA Special English became one of the most successful VOA programs. According to the statistics of American News Agency, VOA Special English owns millions of listeners all around the world.Except the News section, VOA Special English has various features, including Science Report（科学报告）, Agriculture Report（农业报告）, Worlds and Their Stories（美国词语掌故）, This is America（美国风土人情）, Science in The News(最新科技新闻), Space and Men（空间与人）, The Making of a Nation（美国立国志）, American Mosaic（美国万花筒）, People in America（美国人物志）, American Stories(美国短篇小说).Some translate Special English into “特别英语”, and some into “慢速英语”, I adopt “慢速英语”, because I think that “慢速” accurately reflects the character of this program, and that is why it is called “Special”.II .The Characters of VOA Special English Compared with the Standard English broadcasting, the VOA Special English broadcasting program has its own characters.2.1 Using Plain Words and Phrases