Survey of College Students in Yunnan entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial talents training mode of study 10673.doc

Survey of College Students in Yunnan entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial talents training mode of study Abstract: The party's 17 largest raised in the report "to start to improve employment" for the university entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial talent training pointed out the direction of entrepreneurial activity rapidly. The research group's survey shows that the entrepreneurial situation in Yunnan college students can not be optimistic about the more practical difficulties. To change the traditional concept of employment and innovation in entrepreneurial training model utmost importance. Key words: entrepreneurship training model of colleges and universities   Abstract: In party s 17 big reports proposed "starts an undertaking the impetus employment", educated for the university imbark and starts an undertaking the personnel training to indicate the direction, the imbark activity has launched rapidly.This topic based group s investigation indicated that, the Yunnan university university student s imbark condition is unoptimistic, actual difficult many.The transformation tradition employment idea and the innovation imbark personnel training pattern reveals especially importantly. Keywords: The imbark University Raise pattern          Students entrepreneurship, not only self-made rice bowls, but also for the community to create more employment opportunities, in the current employment situation is grim circumstances of the prosperity of the socialist market economy and maintaining social stability, also play an important role. The relevant government departments and universities to promote the employment of university students have made positive efforts. Yunnan's economic development as a relatively backward provinces, on the one hand a lack of talent, on the one hand there are a large number of university graduates finding employment difficult issues. Well, Yunnan attitude of college students how to start a business? Students start most worried about is it? Students start on the road is also what support is needed. The research group on these issues in-depth research. Survey questionnaires and interviews take the form of a combination, a total of eight undergraduate colleges and three vocational institutions to conduct an investigation. Research results are as follows.          1. Yunnan Venture Survey of College Students          1.1 Yunnan, the direction of college graduates after graduation and entrepreneurial choices. The number of college graduates nationwide in 2009 reached 6.11 million, Yunnan, there are nearly hundreds of thousands, the employment pressure increase. Survey data show that most graduates (51%) and enterprises (62%) agree that the current difficult employment situation. While the students are well aware the current employment situation, but in the direction of choice after graduation, work, PubMed, and going abroad is presented in the first, second and third place, entrepreneurship as a choice after graduation for less than 1% of the .          Asked respondents, "parents have their own expectations after graduation?" To "find a good job, PubMed, go abroad, entrepreneurship, family business succession" survey of several options: Select "find a good job" in the the largest share, reaching 51.9%, was ranked in first place; followed by the "PubMed" and "abroad" and "business" was ranked in fourth place, respondents choose the direction of the results of individual graduates and their parents right after graduation the direction of choice phase match, neither will "start" at the top.          A tendency in the workplace, the employment of university students more likely to state-owned enterprises in Yunnan Province, civil servants and so on. The vast majority of students is still work to pursue stability. Tsinghua University, China Center for Entrepreneurship has published a 'Global Entrepreneurship Monitor 2005 China' report shows that the United States the proportion of college graduates start their own businesses as high as 23% 25%, in China, the proportion of college graduates start about 1% in Yunnan is 0.8%. From this point of view, a few years later the proportion of business students is still low, also shows that students in our province is still a long road of entrepreneurship.          Survey, when asked, "on employment and entrepreneurship, you think you are at what the state", the answer is "still in preparation, but not the direction of target" for 32.6%; said they were "not ready, and no clear direction and goal "and 15.5%, answered" ready, with clear direction and goal "for 16%. Unanimously that the freshman to the senior grades, 51% of students believe that the current employment situation is very serious students, it is difficult to find a suitable job. 62% of the students to the reasons attributed to the result of lack of work experience.          1.2 Yunnan entrepreneurial university students facing difficulties. Survey shows that the success rate of entrepreneurship students in the world 20% success rate in China, only 10%, and even some scholars have pointed out that less than 1%. In the business environment is improving the situation, students venture still faces many difficulties. Investigation, we found that the source of start-up capital, the actual operational experience or is the industry's choice, as well as policy operability are they asking this question.          Difficult one: start-up capital. Interviewed several college students, they start from the home to provide the majority of funds for those who have healthy people who are not thick, this approach obviously does not work. No money, no matter how difficult ideas into practical productivity. The survey found that the vast majority of university students with an entrepreneurial impulse that "money is the biggest difficulty they start," asked the source of venture capital, 50% of the students indicated that they would "to bank loans", 28% of students "to borrow their parents," , 22% of the students wanted to "use venture capital fund."          Difficulties 2: Industry Select. Question and select an area in which entrepreneurship, the findings show that current college students mainly concentrated in areas of business services, in particular, trade, distribution, logistics (51%); more than half of the students start learning with the business areas of expertise related to. With the study accounted for 11% of non-professional. This shows that college students have learned the professional knowledge of the business has an important directly. In the survey also found that college students Economics and Management has a stronger entrepreneurial aspirations of technology-based engineering class, a lower proportion of students. In addition, for such as "consulting services", due to the limited qualifications of students, a very small proportion. The objective of the survey results reflect the current wishes of the majority of college students entrepreneurial fields. At present students are mostly engaged in entrepreneurial technological content and a lower threshold and service industries. Although relatively easy to start, but in the end die a natural death by majority. This year's "two sessions", Chen Kai, deputy secretary of Shanghai Youth League members with a data also showed that college students in Guangdong of success rate was only 1%, the highest success rate nationwide entrepreneurship students in Zhejiang is also only 4%. At present, China university education, quality education is still relatively weak, so how the learned knowledge into their own business "weapon", for most students is a difficult issue. Many students simply by their own interests and hobbies or "big money" idea, they hastily engaged in an industry, the situation is estimated that inadequate or even blind action, they are often less effective, or nothing.          Difficulties in three: no experience and no reference. Asked respondents entrepreneurial "risk" in size, with 60.7% of people chose the "risk, but believed it could be successful" shows the respondents to the risk perception attitude; that "high risk" and accounted for 35.9%; and that "the risk of small" proportion of the lowest, accounting for only 3.4%, indicating that respondents to the business "risk" of understanding and confidence. But in fact, ill-prepared for difficulties in the failure of many students start their own business way of summing up the sentiment often mentioned. In the absence of the experience can be worth learning situation, most people only see the light of the business, but do not see the direction. Entrepreneurial process of products and services are often limited to the imitation, the lack of innovative and often lead to failure. Survey showed that 92% of the students want to have one on entrepreneurship and employment, public welfare guidance, which will help them in the future rational business or employment. They want to accept some entrepreneurship training, such as how to control the market adaptability. In the entrepreneurial process, many students want to have a professional teacher or mentor to guide, to avoid detours. Of course, the survey also found that, although a wide variety of combat experience, most entrepreneurs are still looking forward to the future.          Difficulty 4: Encourage measures offer little more than formalities are complicated. Overall, Yunnan Province, introduced a number of measures to encourage the students start, from the relaxation of restrictions on market access, financial support, tax incentives, financial support, training and business subsidies, Social Security benefits, and several have increased policy support. Students facing the environment continue to improve.          Learned in the investigation, Kunming Trade and Industry Bureau districts are given university students start their own businesses of different preferential policies, Wuhua District to apply for business license registration fee can be waived, but in Panlong and Guandu District to apply for business license can be waived except Register costs, their own businesses students can also enjoy relief 2 3 years of individual management treatment charges. This is perhaps the start of college students is the most intuitive one preferential policies. But in fact, also offers a total of more than 600 yuan, for early stage entrepreneurs, the significance is not great.          Even more critical is that in the process of handling a variety of procedures for handling relatively cumbersome, for many students who start the first time is not a small test, the general practice is handled by specialist agencies, but the processing cost is not small. In addition, for business students at school, there are still going through the process of the basic security issues, in order to avoid unnecessary troubles, the relevant structures will often require or recommend a teacher to participate. I now still a student entrepreneurship bottled water served as the legal representative of enterprise. As the students start to enjoy three-year personal income tax relief and other concessions, companies are now considering changes to the legal representative, the relevant procedures are a bit trickier.          2. Yunnan University entrepreneurial talent training Countermeasures          Yunnan is a frontier province, relatively backward economic development, on the one hand a lack of talent, the other hand, many college students can not find jobs. An important way to resolve this contradiction is to develop a large number of entrepreneurial talents, to promote entrepreneurship to improve employment, both to solve their own work for more people to create employment opportunities, but also on the economy has played a direct role in promoting. Yunnan University entrepreneurial talents of the main focus is on awareness of the concept of change as well as the operability of the concrete implementation of the policy.          2.1 to change the traditional educational ideals and seriously implement the venture boost employment. All along, China's higher education largely pursued a career of education, university personnel training objectives are confined to research, application type, the whole community and families are lack of awareness of the child the spirit of innovation and entrepreneurship training and education. The traditional concepts of education that the study is to test, study is to find a good job to earn diplomas. As in previous presentations, Tsinghua University, Venture Center, the investigation report said that China's average level of entrepreneurship education below the global average level of GEM statistics, the proportion of college students start only 1% of the total number of graduates, while the U.S. accounted for 20% of the general 30%. Therefore, we must change the traditional ideas of education reform and university training model, from education to employment, innovation and entrepreneurship education. To establish a business that is employed in order to start a new concept of promoting employment. Students can start their own businesses that create jobs in itself, but also to provide jobs for others. Chinese SME associations to provide information on the surface of the GDP generated by small and medium enterprises account for 58%, absorbing 75% of urban employment. We should actively guide students to find their jobs turned-dependent self-made rice bowls. The educational concept of the change depends on the school family and the community to participate. Reposted elsewhere in the paper for free download http:/          2.2 conscientiously implement the undertaking education. Entrepreneurship education, broadly speaking, refers to cultivate talents with innovative, from the narrow sense, in terms refers to the need to start a business venture awareness, entrepreneurship, business knowledge, entrepreneurial capacity and the corresponding practice of education. The basic idea is that entrepreneurship education, reform the curriculum system and teaching mode, opening entrepreneurship education courses to equip students with entrepreneurial theory, the basic knowledge and basic methods, such as the ability to train and improve the systematic professional strong entrepreneurial courses (such as the Entrepreneurship); to carry out entrepreneurial hands-on training, organization Business Plan Competition (such as the Challenge Cup), and various creative competitions, designed to guide students to start and run their own business enterprises, the formation of a strong entrepreneurial atmosphere, to inspire and tap the entrepreneurial potential of students; set up a base of practice to provide students with the practice of business places and the environment, to enable students to gradually improve in practice the knowledge and practica