Analysis on the Ways to Improve Government Executive Ability.doc

Analysis on the Ways to Improve Government Executive Ability Abstract The Government execution ability is a decisive force to maintain the survival and the development of a government agency. Urgent practical developments and theoretical basis explorations also need to strengthen it； meanwhile， deepen reform and construction of the efficient government request to research on this topic. The execution status of our government has already made certain achievements， but there are still significant shortcomings which could impact and harm the image， the credibility， and the performance of our government. Key words： Execution ability； Government executive ability； Executive body INTRODUCTION Recently， “Execution ability” has been widely used in the field of business administration. There are several explanations for “Execution ability”， such as” it is a set of behavioral and technical systems， which help company to form a special competitive advantage. “Some scholars in our country claim that “execution ability is an implement strategy of organization and it is also a capacity to achieve organizational strategic objectives.” Others hold that” After completing the specific plan and forming the policy， the behavior to achieve specific goals is execution， thus the ability to ensure the implementation is execution ability.” In enterprise management process， the execution ability mainly refers to the capacity of finishing its strategic plan and the technology system in the ordinary course of business. In recent years， the concept of “execution ability”has been introduced to public administration areas in our country. As an executive ability in public administration， it can be explained by the power and strength which is existing in government organizations， and it makes us exactly understand the governments target， direction， elaborate design and implementation plan， meanwhile， through it we can also effectively utilize， schedule and control the various resources of the government system including human， financial， information， laws， then effectively execute the public policies， government decisions， decrees， strategies， plans， and complete the government target. From the system theory， the government executive ability has several constituent elements and energy sources as follow aspects： Government Executive Body Nowadays， the main government execution undertakers are all levels of government and their departments， thus the government executive main body mainly refers to the government organization， the executive departments and their stuffs that are responsible for performing the tasks internally， such as the implementation policy decisions， higher resolutions and the daily public affairs. Government executive body is an important factor to perform activities and an important source of executive power， which plays a central role. The ability of government executive body is the most efficient dominant factor which impact on the other factors of execution such as the implementation resources， the mechanism effectiveness. The Government Execution Resources Government execution resources refers to various resource which the government used in the process of performing official responsibility and policy， including financial resources， material resources， information resources and authoritative resources， etc. As to this， financial resources and material resources are the foundation of other executive resources； Information resource is an important prerequisite for guarantee policy effective execution； Authority as a political resources， not only can make public accept the policy target identity， but also is an important tool of policy implementation. In a great extent， the tremendous amount of resources determines whether the government executive main body behavior ability strong or not， and it also determine the essential elements of government executive ability. The Government Execution Institution The government execution institution mainly includes the government organization structure， the operation system， the resource allocation mechanism of government implementation， the performance reward， the punishment mechanism， the monitoring mechanism and so on. As a result of the resultant force of the system and regulation， the government executive ability is not only a simple addition force of each constitution， but the sum of the forces. In theory， the resultant force includes three kinds circumstance， which are greater than zero， equal to zero and less than zero. The Government Ecological Environment The government organization is an open system， which interact with the external environment. The implementation of government activity transforms the external environment in a dynamic role form； while the external environment affects the whole process of government execution in a foundational penetration form or in a restriction of decisive form. The government ecological environment includes natural environment， the political and legal environment， the economic environment， the cultural environment， and the social psychological environment. With favorable circumstances， not only can make the government restricted decline in the execution of the process， but also greatly enhance the government execution ability. If instead， it will make government execution restrained by all kinds of external interference r， even to be distorted， greatly undermine its effectiveness. 1. THE RESEARCH SIGNIFICANCE OF GOVERNMENT EXECUTIVE ABILITY 1.1 The Theory Significance of Government Execution Ability Research The importance of government executive ability is from the “execution” status in the history of the government public administration. According to the policy scientistssurvey in United States， within the government work， to achieve the goals of government policy， the scheme design only accounted for 10%， while the effective implementation remaining 90%. Firstly， the government executive ability is the conditions and ways to achieve government function. Administrative function means that in order to promote the public interest， the national administrative subjects need to undertake the basic responsibility and function when they deal with the public affairs and providing public services. It is also the unity of duty and function. In a short word， the government function mainly refers to what the government should manage and the extent of it. The government executive ability is the conditions and ways to complete achieve government function， even is the ability of government agency to imply policy. Historically， the government administrative functions are expanding. At the same time， the government executive ability is also growing. The government executive ability directly restricts the implementation of administrative functions. The government function regulates the government task， but the key to implement the task is execution. Secondly， the strength of the government execution ability directly relates to the governments legitimacy. Strong government executive ability is not only the guarantee to countrys development of economy and society， but it is also the key of a government to get the public recognition. Whether in a democracy or in authoritarian country， reinforcing government executive ability is a basic approach to strengthen its legitimacy foundation， unless the government doesnt hope to attract the public attention， Therefore， improving government executive ability has become the consensus of the government reform. Thirdly， the government executive ability reflects the core value of public administration named administrative efficiency. Since public administrative science born， whether from Wilson to Weber or from behaviorism to new public administration， administrative efficiency has been occupying the mainstream value of public administration. With bureaucracy organization theory， Weber proposed principle about impersonal， rational division of labor and hierarchy control， such as the efficiency and administrative management should get together， and the administrative management is to pursuit efficiency maximally. From behavioral sciences representative， Simon criticized the traditional public administration， but also agreed the traditional administration ideas about administrative hierarchy model， then expressed great concern the efficiency problem in the process of administrative. In the 1990s， the new public management movement makes the improvement of administrative efficiency as the main target of the reform. Government executive ability and core value of public administration are logically unity. Government executive ability contains the number which government can perform activities within a certain time. A strong executive ability government can make laws， policies and plans realization in the limited time. In the other hand， Government execution also includes the consideration of “cost - benefit”. A strong implementation government tends to take the lowest cost to complete the task， or take fewer resources to complete the same task. Finally， the government executive ability and the quality of government policy have direct relation， whether a policy execution can be accepted by public or can bring good social benefits， is the important standard for testing the government executive ability. 1.2 The Practical Significance of Government Executive Ability Research Government capacity is a governments resource and energy when achieving their functions and implying the administrative management activities. Firstly， from the view of social development， researching and enhancing the government executive ability is the globalization requirement to the contemporary government. With the globalization rapidly developing， the countrys economic， political， cultural and other aspects have achieved an unprecedented level. The unity of the world market， the penetration of the information age， the unity of science and technology make the nations economic territory broken， the independent domestic policy impacted. That is a serious test to government ability， even an impact and shock to the policy decision-making process of developing countries. Therefore， under the background of globalization， how to enhance the government execution has become an important problem which is unable to avoid. Globalization is a “double-edged sword”， on one hand， it can provide a broader space for the government to perform； on the other hand， it puts forward higher requirements to the adjustment of our country government execution system structure itself and the ability improvement. Therefore， how to recognize the challenges of globalization to our country government and actively to strengthen the government executive ability， become one of the important issue of public administration current study. Secondly， from the perspective of adapt to the situation， to study government executive ability and to improve the capacity of the government are the request of transformation and social development. They are also the ways to realize public appeals and the needs of government administrative reform. First of all， currently， our country is in a critical period of reform， which is transforming from the traditional planned economy system to market economy system. The gradual establishments of market economic system intensively summons the modern and efficient administrative system to adapt. However， in the transition period， due to the system， the operation mechanism， the management model and value standard， the dramatic changes in aspects of ideology， caused contradiction and conflict from various fields and different levels of the society. These contradictions are intertwining and rubbing against each other， which are make many problems and obstacles to the administrative management， especially to the administrative execution. In such a case， analyzing the causes of the formation of these problems， seeking effective methods to improve， enhancing the government executive ability should be the priority of the current work of the government. Second， improving and researching on the government executive ability is the way to realize public appeals. With the profound change of the social and economic structure， Chinas social groups interest structure adjustment will reach the “heat” level. All kinds of social contradictions will inevitably appear， even burst with some special form in some period. How to realize the interests of each class and each groups， has become an important issue which need to address during the period of transition by government. However， the scarcity and limitation of social resources make the government cannot fully and equally to achieve all classes interests. Therefore， only to enhance the government execution and improve the government utilization efficiency to limited social resources can make the all classes interest effectively realize. Finally， to study government executive ability and to improve the capacity of the government is the need of the current government administrative reform. To improve the government credibility requires government departments conscientiously accept the supervision of the masses， public opinion and the supervisory organ， and strictly fulfill its commitment to social. That requires making government credibility construction to be an important content of government reform in administrative reform process. Credibility is the governments influence and appeal； it is the objective result of the government administrative ability， which reflects the degree of government authority， the degree of democracy， the degree of service and the degree of law construction. At the same time， it is also the peoples evaluation to the government， which reflects the peoples satisfaction and trust to the government. The construction of the government credibility， government needs to be creditable， to implement commitment to the public and require government administration according to law. However， to realize all of these must be basis on governments scientific， reasonable and legal execution， otherwise， the governments credit will not be able to realize 2. THE MEASURES TO ENHANCE GOVERNMENT EXECUTION ABILITY 2.1 Improve the Quality of the Civil Servant If comparing the civil servants to the other executing elements， such as organization structure， system， resource， technology， civil servant， the civil servants is most important element to perform activities and it is also an important source of executive power. It plays a central role in policy implementation， while the other elements need civil servant to complete the organization mission. Therefore， the key factor to improve the level of government execution ability is to take positive measures to cultivate the quality of execution. First one is to enhance