大学英语精读第三册第三版ppt课件unit2.ppt

4.Nicolas Copernicus,5.Hagen-Dazs and Reuben Mattus,BR_MAIN,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,After Reading,6.Edward Jenner,1.Warm-up Questions,2.An English Song I Eat the Colors of the Rainbow,3.Sesame Street,Before Reading_1,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,After Reading,Warm-up Questions,Look at the three pictures of an orange,a tomato and a strawberry.Which one does not belong to the same group as the other two?Why?,Before Reading_2_1_1,An English Song I Eat the Colors of the Rainbow,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,After Reading,Listen to an English song I Eat the Colors of the Rainbow from Sesame Street.Can you give the names of the fruits?Which one is your favorite?,Before Reading_2_1_2,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,After Reading,I eat the colors of the rainbow.Veggies and fruit that help me growRed.red.some of my favorite foods are:Apples,cherries,strawberries and tomatoesOrange.orange.some of my favorite foods are:Carrots,oranges,peach and sweet potatoYellow.yellow corn and lemonPineapple and banana.Green.green spinach(菠菜)and broccoli(甘蓝)Lettuce,peas,and kiwi.Blue.blue.The only food I eat thats blue is Blueberries!I eat the colors of the rainbow.“Hey!What about us?”Purple,egg plant,plums and grapes.So every dayI eat the colors of the rainbow.,Before Reading_3,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,After Reading,Sesame Street,Before Reading_3.1,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,After Reading,Sesame Street,Sesame Street is an educational American childrens television series designed for preschoolers,and is recognized as a pioneer of the contemporary standard which combines education and entertainment in childrens television shows.It is produced in the United States by Sesame Workshop,and broadcasted on November 10,1969 on the National Educational Television network.Because of its positive influence,Sesame Street has earned the distinction of being the foremost and most highly regarded educator of children in the world.No television series has matched its level of recognition and success on the international stage.The original series has been televised in 120 countries,and more than 20 international versions have been produced.In its long and illustrious history,Sesame Street has received more Emmy Awards than any other program,and has captured the allegiance,esteem,and affection of millions of viewers worldwide.,Before Reading_4_1,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,After Reading,Nicholas Copernicus,(1473-1543),Copernicus was a Polish astronomer and mathematician who held the view that the Earth and the other planets all travel in circles around the Sun.,“Finally we shall place the Sun himself at the center of the Universe.All this is suggested by the systematic procession of events and the harmony of the whole Universe,if only we face the facts,as they say,with both eyes open.”Copernicus,Before Reading_4_2,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,After Reading,Before Reading_4_2_a brief1,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,After Reading,A Brief Introduction of Nicolas Copernicus,Before Reading_4_2_a brief2,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,After Reading,A Brief Introduction of Nicolas Copernicus,Before Reading_4_2_a brief3,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,After Reading,Born on Feb.19,1473,in Thorn(Torun),Poland,Copernicus is said to be the founder of modern astronomy.The son of a prosperous merchant,he was raised after his fathers death by a maternal uncle.At the age of nineteen,he was sent to the University of Krakow to study mathematics,optics(光学)and canon(基督教教规)law in Italy.This experience stimulated young Copernicus to study further liberal arts at Bologna(1496-1501),medicine at Padua,and law at the University of Ferrara,from which he emerged in 1503 with the doctorate in canon law.Shortly afterward,he returned to Poland and eventually settled permanently at the cathedral near his hometown.Through his uncles influence he had been elected canon of the cathedral.Copernicus not only faithfully performed his duties,but also turned his attention to astronomy.In 1530,Copernicus completed and gave to the world his great work De Revolutionibus,which asserted that the earth rotated on its axis(地轴线)once daily and traveled around the sun once yearly.Not welcomed by the church,it was not published until 1543.Copernicus died on May 24,1543.,Before Reading_4_2_Copernicus1,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,After Reading,Copernicus Chronology,Date,Event,Feb 19,1473,1492,be born in Thorn(Torun),Poland,be sent to the University of Krakow in Italy,Before Reading_4_2_Copernicus2,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,After Reading,Date,Event,14961501,1503,get the doctorate in canon law,1514,outline his great work De Revolutionibus,study liberal arts at Bologna,medicine at Padua,and law at the University of Ferrara,Before Reading_4_2_Copernicus3,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,After Reading,Date,Event,1530,May 24,1543,give the world his great work De Revolutionibus,die,Before Reading_4_2_The Copernicus1,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,After Reading,The Copernicus Universe,Before Reading_4_2_Copernicus Universe,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,After Reading,Three Assumptions in the Development of Astronomy,Assumption 1,The earth was the center of the universe.,Assumption 2,uniform circular motion in the heavens,Assumption 3,Objects in the heavens were made from a perfect,unchanging substance not found on the Earth.,Before Reading_4_2_Copernicus Revolution,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,After Reading,The Copernican RevolutionWe noted earlier that the three assumptions held back the development of modern astronomy from the time of Aristotle until the 16th and 17th centuries.Copernicus challenged Assumption 1,but not Assumption 2.We may also note that the Copernican model implicitly questions the third tenet that the objects in the sky were made of special unchanging stuff.Since the Earth is just one of the planets,there will eventually be a natural progression to the idea that the planets are made from the same stuff that we find on the Earth.,Before Reading_4_4,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,After Reading,Copernicus Two Followers Galileo and Bruno,It is said that Copernicus book was only published at the end of his life because he feared ridicule and disfavor.However,two other Italian scientists of the time,Galileo and Bruno,embraced the Copernican theory unreservedly and as a result,suffered much personal injury at the hands of the powerful church inquisitors.Bruno had the braveness to even go beyond Copernicus,and,dared to suggest that space was boundless and that the sun and its planets were but one of any number of similar systems there even might be other inhabited worlds with rational beings equal or possibly superior to ourselves.For such blasphemy,Bruno was burned to death at the stake in 1600.Galileo was brought forward in 1633,and,there,in front of his“betters,”he was,under the threat of torture and death,forced to his knees to renounce all belief in Copernican theories,and was thereafter sentenced to imprisonment for the remainder of his days.,Before Reading_4_4_Galileo,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,After Reading,GalileoItalian astronomer and physicist(15641642),Before Reading_4_4_Giordano Bruno,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,After Reading,Giordano BrunoItalian philosopher(15481600),Before Reading_5,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,After Reading,Hagen-Dazs and Reuben Mattus,Before Reading_5_Reuben Mattus,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,After Reading,Reuben Mattus,a young entrepreneur with a passion for quality and a vision for creating the finest ice cream,worked in his mothers ice cream business selling fruit ice and ice cream pops from a horse drawn wagon in the bustling streets of the Bronx,New York.To produce the finest ice cream available,he insisted on using only the finest,purest ingredients.The family business grew and prospered throughout the 1930s,40s and 50s,and by 1961 Mr.Mattus decided to form a new company dedicated to his ice cream vision.He called his new brand Hagen-Dazs,to convey an aura of the old-world traditions and craftsmanship to which he remained dedicated.Hagen-Dazs started out with only three flavors:vanilla,chocolate and coffee.But Mr.Mattus passion for quality soon took him to the four corners of the globe.The Hagen-Dazs brand quickly developed a loyal following.Then in 1976,Mr.Mattus daughter Doris opened the first Hagen-Dazs shop.It was an immediate success,and its popularity led to a rapid expansion of Hagen-Dazs shops across the country.,Before Reading_6_1,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,After Reading,Edward Jenner,Edward Jenner:a pioneer in vaccination,Date of Birth,May 17,1749,Birth Place,in the small village of Berkeley in Gloucestershire,Before Reading_6_1.1,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,After Reading,Edward Jenner was an English country doctor who pioneered vaccination.Edward Jenner was born on May 17,1749 in the small village of Berkeley in Gloucestershire.From an early age Jenner was a keen observer of nature and after nine years as a surgeons apprentice he went to St.Georges Hospital,London to study anatomy(解剖学)and surgery under the prominent surgeon Hohn Hunter.After completing his studies,he returned to his hometown Berkeley to set up a medical practice where he stayed until his death in 1823.In the eighteenth century,before Jenner,smallpox was a killer disease,as widespread as cancer or heart diseases in the twentieth century but with the difference that the majority of its victims were infants and young children.Edward Jenner pioneered vaccination.Jenners discovery in 1796 that vaccination with cowpox gave immunity(免疫)to smallpox,was an immense medical breakthrough and has saved countless lives.In 1980,as a result of Jenners discovery,the World Health Assembly officially declared“the world and its peoples”free from endemic smallpox.,Before Reading_6_2,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,After Reading,Nationality,British,Subjects of Learning in London,anatomy(解剖学)and surgery,Working Experiences,1.He worked as a surgeons apprentice.2.He set up a medical practice.,Achievement,He discovered vaccination with cowpox to give immunity to smallpox.,Globe Reading_main,1.Part Division of the Text,2.Further Understanding,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,After Reading,For Part 1,Questions and Answers,For Part 2,Table Completion,For Part 3,True or False,For Part 4,Discussion,Globe Reading_1,Part Division of the Text,The authors children teach him about paradigm shifts.,Three examples of shifting old paradigms in history.,The importance of shifting old paradigms.,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,After Reading,Main Ideas,Paragraphs,Parts,1,2,3,4,1 5,68,9 12,13,The author encourages people to look at information in a new way.,Globe Reading.2_1_1,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,After Reading,Questions and Answers,1.What were the author and his children playing that night?,“What Doesnt Belong?”based on the Sesame Street game.,2.What was the question the father put to his children?,What doesnt belong,an orange,a tomato or a strawberry?,3.What was the oldest childs answer to the question?And what did the father think of his answer?,The oldest childs answer was that tomato doesnt belong because it was not fruit and his father thought it was a right answer.,Globe Reading.2_1_2,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,After Reading,4.What answers did his 4-year-old and his 6-year-old children give?,His 4-year-old chose strawberry because the other two were round and strawberry wasnt,while the 6-year-old believed that orange didnt belong because the other two were red.,5.Why did the 9-year-old and the middle one add to the answers?,Because they did not want to be outdone by their siblings.,Globe Reading.2_2_1,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,After Reading,Table Completion,Names,Examples,Copernicus,Reuben Mattus,Edward Jenner,He placed the sun at the center of the universe,readjusting the centuries-old paradigm of Earth-centered system.,He renamed his Bronx ice cream Hagen-Dazs and raised the price without changing the product.,He discovered a vaccination for smallpox by abandoning his quest for a cure.,Globe Reading.2_3_1,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,After Reading,True or False,If the game“what doesnt belong?”had been a workbook exercise in school,each choice of the kids would have been acceptable.,If the game“what doesnt belong?”had been a workbook exercise in school,every kid who didnt circle tomato would have been marked wrong.,F,(),1.,Almost all of the worlds most brilliant scientists and inventors were failures in school.,2.,Only if we shift our paradigms and refocus our parameters can we take the great advantage of the super information highway.,3.,T,(),Many of the worlds most brilliant scientists and inventors were failures in school.,F,(),Globe Reading2_3_2,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,After Reading,Edward Jenner discovered a vaccination for smallpox by accumulating and uncovering more information.,Edward Jenner didnt invent preventive medicine by accumulating information;but by reframing the question.,F,(),4.,Copernicus didnt do anything more Earth-shattering than completely change the way the universe was viewed.,Copernicus didnt do anything less Earth-shattering than completely change the way the universe was viewed.,F,(),5.,The key point is not the lack of information because what we need is not more information but new ways of looking at it.,6.,T,(),Globe Reading.2_4,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,After Reading,Discussion,Do you agree with the authors opinion that what we need as we begin to downshift onto the information highway is not more information but new ways of looking at it?Why or why not?,Article_S,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,After Reading,James Sollisch describes how his childrens ability to see things in fresh ways opened his own eyes to the nature of creative thinking.,The other night at the dinner table,my three kidsages 9,6 and 4took time out from their food fight to teach me about paradigm shifts,and limitations of linear thinking and how to refocus parameters.Heres how it happened:We were playing our own oral version of the Sesame Street game,“What Doesnt Belong?,”where kids look at three pictures and choose the one that doesnt fit.I said,“OK,what doesnt belong,an orange,a tomato or a strawberry?”,Article1-2_S,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,After Reading,Fruitful QuestionsJames Sollisch,Article3-5_S,The oldest didnt take more than a second to deliver his smug answer:“Tomato because the