初中英语《被动语态》ppt课件.ppt

被动语态,语态：表示主语和谓语动词之间的关系。英语有两种语态，即主动语态和被动语态。,主动语态：表示主语是动作的执行者。被动语态：表示主语是动作的承受者。如：Many students study English.(主动语态)English is studied by many students.(被动语态),语态,如：The desk is made of wood.The desks are made of wood.He is asked a question by the teacher.,被动语态的结构,am/is/are+过去分词,不同的时态有不同的被动语态结构,1.一般现在时的被动语态结构：,by many students.,主动语态变被动语态的方法,1.Many students study English.,English,is studied,2.They make shoes in that factory.,Shoes,are made,by them,in that factory.,They play football on Sunday.Lucy does the homework in the evening.They often use computers in class.We make these machines in Beijing.,Football is played by them on Sunday.,The homework is done by Lucy in the evening.,Computers are often used by them in class.,These machines are made in Beijing.,Practice,1.They bought ten computers last term,by them last term.,2.一般过去时的被动语态结构：,was/were+过去分词,last year.,2.We planted many trees last year.,Many trees,were planted,Ten computers,were bought,They built the tall building last year.He took good care of his little brother yesterday.We cleaned our classroom just now.They used this room for resting.,The tall building was built by them last year.,His little brother was taken good care of by him yesterday.,Our classroom was cleaned by us just now.,This room was used for resting by them.,3.一般将来时的被动语态结构：,will be+过去分词,1.They will finish the work in ten days.,by them in ten days.,The work,will be finished,2.Tom will clean the room tomorrow.,The room,will be cleaned,by,Tom,tomorrow.,We will have a sports meeting next week.Children will take some photos in the schoolyard tomorrow.The headmaster will give a talk this afternoon.,A sports meeting will be had by us next week.,Some photos will be taken by children in the school tomorrow.,A talk will be given by the headmaster this afternoon.,4.现在完成时的被动语态的结构,have/has been 过去分词,1.We have made twenty more keys,by us.,Twenty more keys,have been made,2.We have finished our compositions.,Our compositions,have been finished,by us.,1.He has eaten the apple.2.Lucy has put the book on the desk.3.They have drunk the water.4.They have finished the work,The apple has been eaten by him.,The book has been put on the desk.,The water has been drunk by them,The work has been finished by them.,5.含有情态动词的被动语态结构：,can/may/must/should+be+过去分词,1.Amy can take good care of Gina,by Amy.,Gina,can be taken good care of,2.You should drink more water.,More water,should be drunk,by you.,1.He can take care of the baby.2.Lucy may draw the pictures.3.You must turn off the lights.4.They should learn English well.,The baby can be taken care of by him.,The picture may be drawn by Lucy.,The lights must be turned off by you.,English should be learned well by them.,6.现在进行时的被动语态的结构,is/am/are+being 过去分词,1.Some workers are painting the rooms now,by some workers now.,The rooms,are being painted,2.He is watching TV.,TV,is being watched,by him.,1.He is reading the book.2.They are cleaning the classroom now.3.The boy is listening to the tape now.4.The girl is washing the clothes.,The book is being reading by him.,The classroom is being cleaning by them now,The tape is being listening by the boy now.,The clothes are being washing by the girl.,表格：被动态基本结构,am/is/are done,was/were done,shall/will/be going to be done,have/has been done,am/is/are being done,Such books are written for children.这些书是为儿童写的。I havent been told about it.没有人告诉我这件事,被动语态的用法,（1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁.,Its/was said/believed/reported/+that Its reported that about three hundred people were killed in this earthquake.据报道，这次地震中大约有三百人死亡。,（2）强调动作的承受者，这时应用by短语。,The cup was broken by David.,（3）作客观说明时，常采用一种被动语态句型.,如：1.He gave me a book.I was given a book by him.（以I做主语）A book was given to me by Tom.（以物book作主语）2.He teaches us English.We are taught English by him.（以人当主语）English is taught to us by him.（以物作主语）,被动语态的几种类型,1.带双宾语句子的被动语态.（指物的宾语叫直接宾语，指人的宾语叫间接宾语）,常见的接双宾语的动词有:to:pass,give,teach,show,bring for:make,buy,get,draw,sing,以“人”当主语时，变法和一般的变法一样；以“物”当主语时，在保留的间接宾语前必须加to或for.,1.He pass me the book.2.My sister give me a present.3.I bought my father a scarf.4.I make my sisiter a paper dog.,I am passed the book by him.,I was given a present by my sister.,My father was boughte a scarf by me.,My sister is made a paper bog.,1.He pass me the book.2.My sister give me a present.3.I bought my father a scarf.4.I make my sisiter a paper dog.,The book is passed to me by him.,A present is given to me by my sister.,A scarf was bought for my father by me.,A paper dog is made for my sister by me.,使役动词和感观动词主被动语态对照表,1.My father lets me go to school.I am let to to to school by my father.2.I watch them play football.They are watched to play football.3.I saw him play basketball.He was seen to play basketball.4.I heard them talk some questions yesterday.They were heard to talk some questions yesterday.,6.Another man-made satellite was sent up into space by them last week(济南市中考题）another man-made satellite into space last week.变主动语态7.People there planted many trees last year.Trees _ _ by people there last year.(青岛市中考题）8.They grow vegetables on the farm.The vegetables _ _on the farm（上海市中考题）,They sent up,were planted,are grown,中考题,1.Our school _in 2002.(开办)2.The young trees must_ _ _ well.(照顾)3._ this building_(建成)last year?4.The book _ _(写)by him last year.5.The bridge _ _(不建造)in1989.6.The 29th Olympic Games will_ _(举行)in UK in 2012.,was opened,be looked after,Was,built,was written,wasnt built,be held,完成下列句子：,下列这些短语本身即是被动语态的形式 be covered with 用覆盖着 be interested in 对感兴趣 be surprised at 对感到惊奇 be made of（from）用制造的,把下列句子变成被动语态:A car knocked him down yesterday.2)Well put on the play next Sunday3)They had completed the railway by the end of last year,He was knocked down by a car yesterday,Practice,The play will be put on next Sunday,The railway had been completed by the end of last year,填空（完成被动语态填空）1.They often clean their classroom after school.（改为被动语态）Their classroom _ often _ by them after school.2.Li Lei gave Tom a new pen last week.（同上）A new pen _ _ _ Tom last week.,is,cleaned,was given by,Practice,3.A lot of people in China can speak English now.（同上）English _ _ _ by a lot of people in China now.4.I have learned English for about two years.（同上）English _ _ _ for about two years.5.They will publish these story-books next month.（同上）These story-books _ _ _ next month.,can be spoken,has been learned,will be published,1.In some countries,tea _ with milk and sugar.A.is serving B.is served C.serves D.served 2.Great changes _ in my hometown since 1980.A.have been taken place B.took place C.have taken place D.were taken place,3.The new type of car is going to _ in three years.A.turn out B.be turned out C.has turned out D.have been turned out4.The woman murdered her friend and _ to _.A.was sentenced,death B.sentencing,die C.sentenced,death D.sentenced,die,被动语态专项练习：选择填空,5.Do you like the skirt?It _ soft.A.is feeling B.felt C.feels D.is felt6.Are you still here?You were here an hour ago.Who _ for?A.are you waiting B.did you wait C.were you waiting D.do you wait,7._ to know Professor Zhang.A.He said B.I said C.He is said D.It says 8.I want to sit at the table near the window.Sorry,_ already.A.it took B.it takes C.it is taking D.it has been taken,9.The letter _ three days ago and it_ yesterday.A.had post,had arrived B.was posted,arrived C.posted,arrived D.had been posted,was arrived10.He told me that the final examination _ next Thursday.A.is given B.will be given C.would have given D.would be given,11.Water _ into ice.A.will changed B.must be changed C.should change D.can be changed 12.Plays _ twice a month in that theatre.A.put on B.are put on C.was put on D.often put on,13.The birds _ fly away last Saturday.A.let to B.is let to C.was let D.were let to 14.A strange sound _ yesterday evening.A.was heard B.hears C.heard D.is heard 15.A beautiful bike _ him by his classmates.A.sent to B.will sent to C.was sent to D.will be sent for,16.Miss Chen _ just _ to speak at the meeting.A.has been asked B.has been asked C.Have been asked D.have been asked17.Meat _ out in this shop.We can _ now.A.have been sold,get nothing B.has been sold,get nothing C.has been sold,get some D.have been sold,get some,18.The new play _ in theatre now.Why dont you go in and see it?A.is being shown B.is showing C.is shown D.shows19.Can you tell _?A.when did it happen B.when was it happened C.when it happened D.when it was happened,20._ the job _ by Lucy or by John?Tell me the truth,please.A.Has finished B.Has being finished C.Is finish D.Has been finished,用所给动词的适当时态和语态填空 1.When _ the first man-made satellite _（send）up into space?2.Last year vegetables _(grow）in the garden by Tom and he _(sell）them himself.3.She _（help）him with his homework tomorrow evening.4.How many magazines _（can borrow）in your library every week?,Homework,5.John _（hear）to go upstairs two hours ago.6.Who _（save）her father?He _（save）by that policeman.,