美国、日本和中国的教育比较的英文ppt(中西文化对比).ppt

The comparison of education between America Japan and China,History of Education,History of American Education,The first American schools opened during the colonial era.In 1642 the Massachusetts Bay Colony（马萨诸塞（美国州名）海湾殖民地）made“proper”education compulsory.Similar statutes（法令，法规）were adopted in other colonies in the 1640s and 1650s.The first public schools were opened in 1849.By 1870,every state provided free elementary education.,History of Japanese Education,The history of education in Japan dates back at least to the sixth century,when Chinese learning was introduced during the Yamato period（大和時代）.Foreign civilizations have often provided new ideas for the development of Japans own culture.,History of Chinese Education,Formal education has been traced back to the 16th century in the later Shang Dynasty(1523-1027 BC)The teachings of Confucianism during the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods,the curriculum were mainly based on the“Four Books and The Five Classics;”These teachings outlined the principles of society and government,the codes for personal conduct,and collectively defined the Confucian philosophy.During Han dynasty,the firsr civil service exam was set up.It had been used until the Qing dynasty.,Educational System,Years in SchoolAmerica vs.Japan vs.China,The three school systems are composed of the following:Elementary school last six yearsMiddle School-last three yearsHigh School-last three yearsCollege four years,Education in the United States,Educational system of Japan,Secondary education,American Middle and High Schools,Students become more responsible for their own education.Middle school prepares students to go on to high school.Students take science,math,social studies,reading and technology,P.E.is usually mandatory in primary through 9th grade.,A classroom in a senior high school,Japanese Junior High and High Schools,Lower secondary school covers grades seven,eight,and nine,with increased focus on academic studiesMost of the students will choose to enter high schools even though the compulsory education is ended.The first-year programs for students are similar.Course content and course selection are far more individualized in the second year.,High School Students,Chinese Middle Schools,Chinese middle schools consist of two parts:Jr.middle school and Sr.middle School,each lasts three yearsJr.Middle School is a continuation of Primary School.Sr.Middle school is like the American High SchoolIn Sr.Middle school,students choose a“major”of humanities or sciences.They have to pass a National Exam at the end of Middle school.,Colleges&Universities,America,There are about 3000 colleges and universities,both private and public in the U.S.They are all independent,offering their own choice of studies,setting their own admission standards and deciding which students meet those standards.The greater the prestige of the university,the higher the credits and grades required.,Study in college,Group work,Discussion and debate,Harvard University,Harvard University is one of the earliest private universities,to train postgraduate and mainly engaged in scientific research of comprehensive university,headquarters is located in Bostons Cambridge city,total address is Byerly-8,Cambridge,Garden Street.,Harvard University,Japan,There are about 600 popular universities and colleges;Four-year learning to earn bachelors degree;Pubilc universities are composed of national universities and local universities;Half of the universities are private.,University of Tokyo(東京大学),The University of Tokyo,The University of Tokyo is a major research university located in Tokyo,Japan.The university was chartered by the Meiji(明治)government in 1877.It is considered to be the most prestigious university in Japan.Fifteen prime ministers in Japan have studied at University of Tokyo.Seven alumni(校友)of University of Tokyo have received the Nobel Prize.,China,There are over 2,000 universities and colleges,with more than six million enrollments in total.A typical student enrolled in a university lives in a dormitory room which she/he shares with from 1 to 7 people,and eats in the dining halls on campus.It is commonly considered that public universities especially those national ones are better than private universities.,.,Peking University,known in Chinese as Beida,was founded as Imperial Capital University in 1898.It is the first formally established modern national university of China.Peking University was influential in the birth of Chinas New Culture Movement,May Fourth Movement and many other significant events.Today,many national and international rankings frequently place Peking University as one of the best universities in China.,Peking University,The contrast of family education between China and western countries,1、The tendency of family education2、The values of family education3、The focus of family education 4、The training of sense of independence5、Financial education,The tendency of family education,IN CHINA：Parents tend to focus the social enlightenment.However,they ignore the development of children themselves.In western countries:Parents in western countries often start from the characteristics of their children,letting them develop freely.,The values of family education,IN CHINA：,In western countries:,Its parents faults for childrens being ignorant.,Children are as equal as any members in the families.,The focus of family education,IN CHINA：Parents pay attention to the cultivation of moralIn western countries:Parents pay attention to childrens curiosity and imagination of nature.,The training of sense of independence,IN CHINA：Learning is the most important thing that children should care about.In western countries:Focusing on training the childrens sense of independence.,Financial education,IN CHINA：Earning money is the thing only for adults.In western countries:Inspiring the children to get the money through their own efforts.,The commons between China and western countries,1、Parents all pay attention to home education2、Parents have a clear division of their duties.3、Parents are the best teachers for children.,Thank you for your listening!,