车辆工程专业毕业论文外文翻译履带车辆转向机构的研究现状及发展趋势.doc

The Track Vehicle Changes Direction Research Present Condition and DevelopmentTrends of The Organization1 change direction the research present condition of the organizationDifferent classification in basis method, the track vehicle changes direction organization can according to vehicle is in change direction process the power flows of deliver the way is divided into the single power flows to change direction the organization to flow to change direction the organization with a power, and also can according to in change direction process two the sport of side trackses have no the contact but is divided into the independent type change direction the organization with bad soon the type changes direction the organization.1.1 single powers establish a certain changing direction the organization after flowing change direction the single power in organization flow to change direction the general structure in organization method is at became soon the organization, is the most simple method to constitute track vehicle change direction to spread to move.The single power flows to change direction the organization to change direction the organization most in brief, among them most in common usely change direction the clutch, single bad soon the machine, double is bad soon the machine, planet changes direction organization etc.Change direction the clutch1,2 is all a friction that several types rub the clutch, depending the friction surface to deliver to turn the , being the separation some on changing direction the clutch laterally, can reduce or cut off that side drive a round delivers of turn the make vehicle changed direction.Change direction the size of the radius from drive a decrease for spreads to turn the measures namely the degree that clutch separate decides.Change direction the clutch is simple because of the construction, manufacturing convenience, got the extensive application on the small scaled track in inside in earlier period type tractor, bulldozer.But because its manipulate the sex bad, produce the efficiency low, can consume bigger, enlarge continuously along with the track vehicle power, change direction the application of the clutch will suffer certainly of restrict.SingleBad soon the machine changes direction the organization2,3 can make vehicle several why the speed of the center position still keeps in change direction process the original driving the car straightly is soon, being a When the complete system in side move, change direction the radius over small, but another side track speed over high, change direction the Cape speed over big, for this reason a power for needing changing direction power very bigly, would outrunning generally launching machine restrict, if the pilot keep on changing direction, have a little bit the immodesty and then will make launch the machine fire, as a result can depend to slip to whet, using than the greater half path changes direction, or pole is not fair and softly break to change direction continuously with the lesser half path.Therefore this kind of is single bad soon the machine change direction the organization to no longer adopt almost now.The speed that a speed for differing soon machine changing direction organization3,4 can making track vehicle at changing direction slowly soon side track lowering is equal to the fast side track the increment, the for this reason vehicle changes direction of average speed and straightly the speed that drive same alike.But because a variety for badly soon machine can't completely system moving first side track, vehicle can't originally changing direction, and changing direction radius scope has no usage to change direction the clutch big, changing direction the going smoothly worse.While changing direction, the fast side track accelerates, therefore launching the affixture of the machine carry the ratio adoption change direction the clutch big.The double is bad soon the machine be constituted by wheel gear of change direction the organization, with change direction the clutch compare the spare parts number little, bear to whet the sex good, the life span is longer.The planet changes direction the organization4,5 moves with the system from a planet a department the machine constitutes.The operation planet the system on the organization moves the machine can change two sides drives the round drives the dint size make vehicle changed direction.It is that type of to change direction the organization opposite in change direction the clutch change direction the organization can deliver the bigger changing direction the dint , can realize an athletic and fixed stalk wheel gear organization fall through of two free a planet for of flat-out decomposition with synthesizing, planet organization a three dollar as have the bad relating to soon; change direction the organization to much order to deliver the motive, and the internal path in organization faces the dint mutually equilibrium.But is complicated because of its construction, only industry in big power tractor, bulldozer and other heavy type vehicle last application.Single weakness that power change direction is obvious, vehicle only contain several fix of change direction the radius, press to rule not of change direction When the radius change direction, want to is slipped by friction a piece to whet to realize, and is hard to get the stability change direction the radius accurately; the next in order in change direction process rub a dollar piece of violent slip to whet to will bring to have fever with wear away, make spread to move the efficiency lower, especially in the big power change direction work appearance next, would exsit the bigger power lose, with the result that often need to be declined to change direction soon; moreover, the violent friction also make easy damage in organization, cause the work dependable bad, the life span lower.1.2 pairs of powerses flow to change direction the organization after launching machine, will launch the machine power be divided in to become soon with change direction two roads be juxtaposed to deliver, ising a double of powers to flow to change direction the organization.A power flows to change direction the organization will used for keeping the pushes forward of become soon the organization is different from result in leftly, the right side track speed differs of change direction the organization to be juxtaposed in spread move department, change direction the organization when the vehicle keeps the did not result in twoth the speed of side trackses are bad, while changing direction, became to flow each file of offering soon to drive the speed straightly with change direction the organization results in of two the speed of side trackses differ to remit to flow, realizing the vehicle change direction.(1)the machine type a power flow to change direction the organization to flow the foundation top that change direction the organization to appear at the earliest stage in the single power of was a machine to kept the with changed direction two powers flowed all from machinery to realized type a power to flowed to change direction the organization3.It is this kind to change direction the organization main from two become soon box( a lord become soon the box, a cent moves a box of), the planet wheel gear organization, clutch moves with the planet organization system the machine constitutes, the single power flows to change direction in changing direction function the organization has the very big increasing, but it still change direction the radius is to have the class.The file is more low, getting of change direction the radius more small; the file is more high, getting of change direction the radius more big.Can't still adapt to the vehicle road in all different curvatures on the tactful track that change direction to drive with the demand, also can't expel parts of coalescences rub a piece proceeds to slip to whet to change direction and from slip to whet an a series of problem for bringing.(2)the machine liquid press type a power flows to change direction the organization machineThe type of changes direction the organization changes direction the function easily under the influence of the pilot's driver's technique, physical strength term moving the machine to wear away with the clutch, system, and bring the pilot the fatigue easily.Give or get an electric shock along with the machine the liquid press and technical development in engineering in machine in person, the machine type change direction the organization to will be eliminated on the big power tractor, bulldozer.etc. engineering vehicle necessarily.Press in the last additional liquid in system in machine the liquid of that pump the motor presses the machine liquid drives to press to change direction the system will get the application gradually.The machine liquid press type a power flows to change direction the organization5,6 from launch the machine and change the deal pump, control valve, fixed amount motor, many files become soon box and empress bridges change direction to differ to move the organization constitutes.It will spread to flow from the machine that launch the machine power in many files became soon the importation stalk of the box last cent flow, all the way flow through was pressed by liquid pump- liquid press motor constitute of change direction adjust soon system; another all the way flow through many files became soon box, finally experienced star row top confluence, then was lined up by planet of some a the parts( such as planet) spread to the vehicle to spread to move the stalk top eventually.Because the liquid presses to pump to press with the liquid the motor can have no the class controls, therefore using the this type of changing direction the organization since can acquire the carAn a lot of weakness for twoth lateral speeds differing realizing having no class controling, again overcoming machine type changing direction organization.If the liquid presses the motor do not work, only coming from central spread the dynamic power flow, the vehicle makes the straight line drives; if only have the liquid that come from the power press the motor flows, the vehicle can realize to change direction radius as the zero changing direction originally; if input at the same time two road powers flow, because the liquid presses the motor can realize to have no the class controls, for this reason vehicle two side tracks drive the rotation to have soon and will barely do much more endless, can get the much more endless changes direction the radius, can immediately realize to have no the class changes direction, pilot as long as manipulate to change direction the dish turns to move the liquid presses the device, can make vehicle driven along the certain arc stablely.This kind of changes direction the organization not only have the construction good, have no the friction a piece, life span is long, the efficiency is high and work dependable, arrange simple, maintain the adjustment little and lower to can consume to wait the characteristics the outside, but also it is not a motive to pass the part or cut off all a side track in working function to the system move a the side drives a the round realizes to change direction of, but two side tracks deliver the motive always, can realizes nicely like this the motive change direction, basic ascend a safety for slippery phenomenon, being applicable to proceeding being partial to carrying pushing soil with cutting off root homework; at sloping fields changing direction can't appearing" conversing direction" phenomenon, increases vehicle that dissolves the track; because of changing direction do not cut off the motive, the average car of the for this reason vehicle does not lower soon; the track do not stop driving, breaking to the soil little, in loosenning soft soil of pass the sex good; change direction the size of the radius can control arbitrarily, increasing the flexibility of the track vehicle, change direction steady; change direction vehicle can develop with drive the high work in same function straightly; realizes easily a the root manipulates the pole to control in to back with change direction.2 change direction the pure liquid in trend (1)in development in organization press to have no the class changes direction the organization wants to realize the track vehicle changes direction the radius can control and continue to have no the class changes of change direction the function, the adoption capacity type liquid presses to pump to press with the liquid motor etc. has no the class become soon a piece is a more realistic viable method.The pure liquid presses to change direction the organization7 9 of ss pass to pump of positive and negative two directions have no the class changes the deal regulates, realizing to launch the mobile dint was spread by double to move to change direction the road arrives to remit the popular star row has no the class changes of spreading and moving ratio, end realize the vehicle face or so two change direction laterally radius can continue to have no the class the variety keeps the , pass the liquid press to pump with the liquid press the motor shuts the lock( change the row that deal pump measureses for zero) to realize to change direction the zero to shut the lock axially, from but keeps to keep the stablely.Under the situation of becoming soon the organization hangs the blank on schedule to change direction, launch machine a power for sending out all to press from the liquid that change direction the road a piece deliver, can realize the vehicle change direction originally.The current liquid presses the industry level returns the hard getting the power enough and big and the good liquid in function presses a dollar an efficiency for, and the liquid presses the system low, this is the biggest obstacle that pure liquid press to have no the class change direction the technique develops.(2)the compound changes direction organization as to overcome the pure liquid presses the above blemish that change direction the organization, appearing now the small liquid in power in various adoptions press the liquid of a dollar piece presses the compound changes direction the project7.A pump a motor project: this project is to solves the liquid press the direct and the most simple project in shortage in a power in a dollar, its function press with pure liquid to change direction same, but two sets of liquids press a piece merge to make the organization's physical volume weight bigger, the efficiency is still lower.The machine liquid presses to reunite the project: that project is adopting a double of flowing the liquid press to change direction of at the same time, reserve a set of machines change direction the organization.Make use of the power not very of the liquid presses a dollar the piece realizes the greater half path