开关磁阻电动机驱动电牵引采煤机毕业论文外文翻译.doc

英文翻译Switched Reluctance Motors Drive for the Electrical Traction in ShearerAbstractThe paper presented the double Switched Reluctance motors parallel drive system for the electrical traction in shearer. The system components, such as the Switched Reluctance motor, the main circuit of the power converter and the controller, were described. The control strategies of the closed-loop rotor speed control with PI algorithm and balancing the distribution of the loads with fuzzy logic algorithm were given. The tests results were also presented. It is shown that the relative deviation of the average DC supplied current of the power converter in the Switched Reluctance motor 1 and in the Switched Reluctance motor 2 is within ±10%.Keywords- switched reluctance; motor control; shearer; coalmine; electrical driveI. INTRODUCTIONThe underground surroundings of the coal mines are very execrable. One side, it is the moist, high dust and inflammable surroundings. On the other side, the space of roadway is limited since it is necessary to save the investment of exploiting coal mines so that it is difficult to maintain the equipments. In the modern coal mines, the automatization equipments could be used widely. The faults of the automatization equipments could affect the production and the benefit of the coal mines. The shearer is the mining equipment that coal could be cut from the coal wall. The traditional shearer was driven by the hydrostatic transmission system. The fault ratio of the hydrostatic transmission system is high since the fluid in hydrostatic transmission system could be polluted easily. The faults of the hydrostatic transmission system could affect the production and the benefit of the coal mines directly. The fault ratio of the motor drive system is lower than that of the hydrostatic transmission system, but it is difficult to cool the motor drive system in coal mines since the motor drive system should be installed within the flameproof enclosure for safety protection. The motor drive system is also one of the pivotal parts in the automatization equipments. The development of the novel types of the motor drive system had been attached importance to by the coal mines. The Switched Reluctance motor drive could become the main equipments for adjustable speed electrical drive system in coal mines 1, because it has the high operational reliability and the fault tolerant ability 2. The Switched Reluctance motor drive made up of the double-salient pole Switched Reluctance motor, the unipolar power converter and the controller is firm in the motor and in the power converter. There is no brush structure in the motor and no fault of ambipolar power converter in the power converter 34. The Switched Reluctance motor drive could be operated at the condition of lacked phases fault depended on the independence of each phase in the motor and the power converter 5. There is no winding in the rotor so that there is no copper loss in the loss and there is only little iron loss in the rotor. It is easy to cool the motor since it is not necessary to cool the rotor. The shearer driven by theSwitched Reluctance motor drive had been developed. The paper presented the developed prototype.II. SYSTEM COMPONENTSThe developed Switched Reluctance motors drive for the electrical traction in shearer is a type of the double Switched Reluctance motors parallel drive system. The system is made up of two Switched Reluctance motors, a control box installed the power converter and the controller. The adopted two Switched Reluctance motors are all three-phase 12/8 structure Switched Reluctance motor, which were shown in Figure 1. Figure 1. Photograph of the two three-phase 12/8 structure Switched Reluctance motorThe two Switched Reluctance motors were packing by the explosion-proof enclosure, respectively. The rated output power of one motor is 40 KW at the rotor speed 1155 r/min, and the adjustable speed range is from 100 r/min to 1500r/min. The power converter consists of two three-phase asymmetric bridge power converter in parallel. The IGBTs were used as the main switches. Three-phase 380V AC power source was rectificated and supplied to the power converter. The main circuit of the power converter was shown in Figure 2.In the controller, there were the rotor position detection circuit, the commutation circuit, the current and voltage protection circuit, the main switches gate driver circuit and the digital controller for rotor speed closed-loop and balancing the distribution of the loads.III. CONTROL STRATEGYThe two Switched Reluctance motor could all drive the shearer by the transmission outfit in the same traction guide way so that the rotor speed of the two Switched Reluctance motors could be synchronized. The closed-loop rotor speed control of the double Switched Reluctance motors parallel drive system could be implemented by PI algorithm. In the Switched Reluctance motor 1, the triggered signals of the main switches in the power converter are modulated by PWM signal, the comparison of the given rotor speed and the practical rotor speed are made and the duty ratio of PWM signal are regulated as follows,where, ng is the given rotor speed, nf is the practical rotorspeed, e is the difference of the rotor speed, is the increment of the duty ratio of PWM signal of the Switched Reluctance motor 1 at k time, Ki is the integral coefficient, Kp is the proportion coefficient, ek is the difference of the rotor speed at k time, ek-1 is the difference of the rotor speed at k-1 time, D1(k) is the duty ratio of PWM signal of the Switched Reluctance motor 1 at k time, and D1(k-1) is the duty ratio of PWM signal of the Switched Reluctance motor 1 at k-1 time.The output power of the Switched Reluctance motordrive system is approximately in proportion to theaverage DC supplied current of the power converter asfollows, where, P2 is the output power of the Switched Reluctance motor drive system, Iin is the average DC supplied current of the power converter. In the Switched Reluctance motor 2, the triggered signals of the main switches in the power converter are also modulated by PWM signal. The balancing the distribution of the loads between the two Switched Reluctance motors could be implemented by fuzzy logic algorithm. In the fuzzy logic regulator, there are two input control parameters, one is the deviation of the average DC supplied current of the power converter between the two Switched Reluctance motors, and the other is the variation of the deviation of the average DC supplied current of the power converter between the two Switched Reluctance motors. The output control parameter is the increment of the duty ratio of the PWM signal of the Switched Reluctance motor 2. The block diagram of the double Switched Reluctance motors parallel drive system for the electrical traction in shearer was shown in Figure 3.The deviation of the average DC supplied current ofthe power converter between the two Switched Reluctance motors at the moment of ti is:where, ei-1 is the deviation of the average DC suppliedcurrent of the power converter between the two SwitchedReluctance motors at the moment of ti-1. The duty ratio of the PWM signal of the Switched Reluctance motor 2 at the moment of ti iswhere, is the increment of the duty ratio of the PWM signal of the Switched Reluctance motor 2 at the moment of ti and D2(i-1) is the duty ratio of the PWM signal of the Switched Reluctance motor 2 at the moment of ti-1.The fuzzy logic algorithm could be expressed asfollows,if and then U = i = 1,2, m, j = 1,2, ,nwhere, E is the fuzzy set of the deviation of the average DC supplied current of the power converter between the two Switched Reluctance motors, EC is the fuzzy set of the variation of the deviation of the average DC supplied current of the power converter between the two Switched Reluctance motors, and U is the fuzzy set of the increment of the duty ratio of the PWM signal of the Switched Reluctance motor 2.The continuous deviation of the average DC supplied current of the power converter between the two Switched Reluctance motors could be changed into the discrete amount at the interval -5, +5, based on the equations as follows, The discrete increment of the duty ratio of PWM signal of the Switched Reluctance motor 2 at the interval -5, +5 could be changed into the continuous amount at the interval -1.0%, +1.0%, based on the equations as follows,There is a decision forms of the fuzzy logic algorithm based on the above principles, which was stored in the programme storage cell of the controller.While the difference of the distribution of the loads between the two Switched Reluctance motors could be got, the duty ratio of PWM signal of the Switched Reluctance motor 2 will be regulated based on the decision forms of the fuzzy logic algorithm and the distribution of the loads between the two Switched Reluctance motors could be balanced.IV. TESTED RESULTSThe developed double Switched Reluctance motors parallel drive system prototype had been tested experimentally. Table I gives the tests results, where is the relative deviation of the average DC supplied current of the power converter in the Switched Reluctance motor 1, is the relative deviation of the average DC supplied current of the power converter in the Switched Reluctance motor 2, and, ×It is shown that the relative deviation of the average DC supplied current of the power converter in the SwitchedReluctance motor 1 and in the Switched Reluctance motor2 is within V. CONCLUSIONThe paper presented the double Switched Reluctance motors parallel drive system for the electrical traction in shearer. The novel type of the shearer in coal mines driven by the Switched Reluctance motors drive system contributes to reduce the fault ratio of the shearer, enhance the operational reliability of the shearer and increase the benefit of the coal mines directly. The drive type of the double Switched Reluctance motors parallel drive system could also contribute to enhance the operational reliability compared with the drive type of the single Switched Reluctance motor drive system.中文翻译开关磁阻电动机驱动电牵引采煤机摘要-本文介绍了双开关磁阻电动机并联传动系统控制驱动电牵引采煤机。 本文介绍了系统的各个组件，如开关磁阻电机，主电路中的功率变换器和控制器等。 这里给出了它的控制原理，它主要是用PI算法和载荷均匀分布的模糊算法获得信号来控制电机转速这样一个闭环系统。 这里也列出了它的测试结果。测试结果表明，在磁阻电动机1上供应的平均直流电流于在磁阻电动机2上的相对误差在10以内。 关键词：开关磁阻； 电机控制； 采煤机； 煤矿；电牵引。 1、导言地下矿井周围的环境是相当恶劣的。 一方面，它非常潮湿和高粉尘并且属于易燃易爆环境。 而在另一方面，井下的空间是非常有限的，因为它要节约开采矿井的投资，所以这些给井下设备的维护带来了很大的困难。 在现代煤矿开采过程中，自动化设备得到了广泛的使用，但是自动化设备的故障，可以影响到煤矿的正常生产和生产效益。 采煤机是可以将煤从煤壁中开采下来的采矿设备。传统的采煤机是用液压传动系统驱动的，但是由于液压系统中的油液很容易被污染所以导致液压系统的故障率很高。液压传动系统的故障可能直接影响矿井的生产和效益。电机驱动系统的故障率相对液压传动系统是比较低的，但是由于电机安装在防暴外壳中所以给电机的冷却带来了困难。 电机驱动系统也自动化设备是其中的关键部件，所以发展新型电动机调速系统一直是煤矿开采重视的问题。 开关磁阻电机驱动之所以能成为煤矿主要设备的调速电气传动系统，1 因为它具有较高的运行可靠性和容错能力2 。 开关磁阻电机驱动由双凸极开关磁阻电机，单极功率变换器和控制器组成，它们被固定在电机和电力变换器中。 在电机中没有电刷结构，并且双极功率变换器的功率变换器的故障率比较低。 开关磁阻电动机可以用在电机和功率变换器相故障少，而且每种相故障取决于其本身的情况下。开关磁阻电机中没有绕组转子等，所以没有铜损的损失，只有在转动过程中很少的铁损。这样开关磁阻电机就很容易冷却了，因为它没有必要冷却转子。 采煤机用的开关磁阻电机驱动已经研制成功。 文章中给出了样机。 二、系统组件研制成功的驱动电牵引采煤机的开关磁阻电机驱动是一种双重开关磁阻电动机并联驱动的系统。 该系统是由两个开关磁阻电动机和一个安装功率变换器和控制器的控制箱。 通过两个开关磁阻电动机都是三相12 / 8结构。开关磁阻电机如图1所示。 两个开关磁阻电动机都分别包在防爆外壳中。其中电机额定功率40千瓦，额定转速1155转/分钟，调速范围从100转/分钟到1500r/min 。功率转换包括两个三相对称桥功率转换器并联。 该IGBT的则作为主开关。 三相380V交流电源被整流并供应给电源转换器。主电路中的功率变换器如图2所示。IGBTS是主要使用的开关磁阻电机。在控制器中，有转子位置检测电路，整流电路，电压和电流的保护电路，主开关的栅极驱动电路和闭环转速，负荷平衡分布的数字控制器。 三 控制策略这两个开关磁阻电机都可以在相同的牵引导轨上驱动所有采煤机的输电装备，因此这两个开关磁阻电动机转子的转速就可以达到同步。这个以闭环系统控制转速的双重开关磁阻电动机驱动系统时可以采用PI算法。 在开关磁阻电动机1中，功率变换器中主开关的触发信号是通过调制PWM信号来给定的，当比较给定转速和实际转速时，所用占空比的PWM 信号，其规定如下：在上式中，ng表示给定的转速，nf表示实际的速度，e表示给定和实际转速之间的偏差，表示开关磁阻电动机1在K时刻时PWM信号占空比的变化量，Ki表示积分系数，Kp是比例系数，ek表示在k时刻时转子转速的差值，ek1表示在k1时刻时转子转速的差别，D1(k)表示k时刻时开关磁阻电机1上PWM的占空比，D1(K-1)表示k1时刻时开关磁阻电机1上PWM的占空比。开关磁阻电动机调速系统的输出功率是与所供应的直流电流成比例的，其转换关系如下： 在此式中，P2是开关磁阻电动机调速系统的输出功率，表示电源转换器所供应的直流电流的平均值。图2 主电路中的功率转换器 在开关磁阻电动机2 中，电源转换中主开关的触发信号也是通过PWM信号所给定的。 这两开关磁阻电动机可以通过模糊逻辑算法来平衡其所承受的载荷。 在模糊逻辑算法的调节中，有两个输入控制参数，一个是电力转换器供应这两个开关磁阻电动机的直流电流平均值之间的偏差，另一个是电力转换器供应这两个开关磁阻电动机的直流电流平均值之间偏差的变化。 输出参数是开关磁阻电动机 2的PWM信号占空比的增量。在图3的方框图中给出了电牵引采煤机中双重开关磁阻电动机的并联驱动系统。在Ti时刻电力转换器供应给这两个开关磁阻电动机的直流电流的平均值的偏差为： 上式中，ei-1表示在ti1时刻电力转换器供应给这两个磁阻电动机开关的平均直流电流的偏差。在ti时刻开关磁阻电机2的PWM信号的占空比为：上式中， 表示在ti时刻时开关磁阻电机2的PWM信号占空比的增量，表示在ti1时刻时开关磁阻电机2的PWM信号的占空比。待添加的隐藏文字内容3图3 电采煤机中的双磁阻开关并联系统方块图这种模糊逻辑算法可以表示成如下形式：if and then U = i = 1,2, m, j = 1,2, ,n上式中，表示电源转换器供应给这一对开关磁阻电动机的平均直流电流的偏差的模糊值，表示电源转换器供应给这两个开关磁阻电动机的平均直流电流偏差的变化的模糊值，表示开关磁阻电动机2的PWM信号占空比增量的模糊值。电力转换器供应给这两个开关磁阻电动机的平均直流电流之间的连续偏差可以在区间 -5 ，+5 的范围内变化，其理论根据如下： 在区间-5 ，+5范围内，开关磁阻电动机2的PWM信号占空比的离散增量可以表示成在区间-1.0%, +1.0%内的连续变化，其理论根据如下：基于上述原则模糊逻辑算法就形成了既定形式，这将被储存在控制器的存储空间中。当这两个开关磁阻电动机之间负载有差异时，基于模糊逻辑算法的既定形式开关磁阻电机2的PWM信号的占空比能够得到调整，从而这两个开关磁阻电动机上的负载便可以达到平衡。 四、测试结果研制成功的双开关磁阻电机并联驱动系统样机已经进行了测试实验。 表一给出了测试结果，其中是开关磁阻电动机1中，供应给电源转换开关的平均直流电流相对误差，是开关磁阻电动机2中，供应给电源转换开关的平均直流电流相对误差。测试结果表明，磁阻开关电动机中供给电源转换开关的电流偏差在之内。五、结论文中描述了电牵引采煤用的双开关磁阻电动机并联传动系统。 在矿区使用的开关磁阻电动机调速系统驱动的新型采煤机大大降低了采煤机的故障率，提高采煤机的运行可靠性能直接提高煤矿的经济效益。 驱动型的双重开关磁阻电动机并联驱动系统相比驱动型的单一开关磁阻电动机调速系统也有助于提高运行可靠性。