初中宾语从句.ppt

The Object clause 宾语从句,什么是宾语从句,宾语从句的语序,宾语从句的时态,宾语从句的连接词,什么是宾语,I like my teacher.（名词作宾语)I enjoy playing basketball.(动名词作宾语）I decide to study hard.（不定式作宾语）I know him.（代词作宾语）,宾语是动作、行为的对象，是动作的承受者。宾语由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任。,什么叫宾语从句？,定义：在句子中作宾语（在谓语动词之后）的句子叫宾语从句。Eg I think(that)you should study hard.主句 连接词 从句构成：主句+连接词+从句He asked me where I had put his book.主句 连接词 从句,判断:下列句子哪些是宾语从句:,1.This is the man who gave me the book.2.I have a sister who works in Shanghai.3.We know that we should keep the earth clean.4.I know that he lives here.5.We dont know if our teachers will attend the meeting.6.He asked me which coat I liked best.7.If it is fine tomorrow,I will go on a trip.8.She doesnt think that she can pass the exam.9.He is disappointed because he failed again.10.Please tell me how I can get there.,有哪些句子可以做宾语？,1，陈述句，he is a famous basketball player2,一般疑问句，Will our teachers attend the meeting？3，特殊疑问句，which coat did you prefer?,宾语从句三要点,一、语序（陈述）二、引导词（三种）三、时态（主、从句）,一.宾语从句必须用陈述语序1.陈述句结构叫陈述语序 2 疑问句结构叫疑问语序,将下列一般问句改成陈述句语序：(主语谓语)He wants to know:1.Is there a bank near here?2.Was it on the fifth floor?3.Are they doing homework?,There is a bank near here.,It was on the fifth floor.,They are doing homework.,4.Does she work in a hospital?5.Did you go to Center Park?6.Do we have to wear a uniform?,she works,you went,we have to,we can wear,7.Can we wear hats in school?,宾语从句语序,他叫什么名字？他怎么去上学？,Whats his name?How does he go to school?,I am not sure _ _,what his name is.,how he goes to school.,从句用陈述句语序(主语+谓语),宾语从句的连接词,1.当从句为陈述句时，连接词用that。that在句中无意义,在口语中可省略.,e.g.The earth goes around the sun.I know He will be back in an hour.I think,看从句的的类型,I know that the earth goes around the sun.,I think that he will be back in an hour.,宾语从句的连接词,2.当从句为一般疑问句时，连接词用if或whether。,e.g.Is Alice 15 years old?I wonder,看从句的的类型,I wonder if/whether Alice is 15 years old.,3.当从句为特特殊疑问句时，连接词用特殊疑问词。,e.g.How old is Alice?I want to know How often do you go to the library?,宾语从句的连接词,看从句的的类型,I want to know how old Alice is.,Could you tell me _.,陈述句,that(无词汇意义),一般疑问句,if,whether(是否),特殊疑问,特殊疑问词,祈使句,肯定句,否定句,ask/tell+sb.+to+v.,ask/tell/+sb.+not to+v.,如何确定连接词(根据从句句式),1.She said:“I like English very much.”She said()she liked English very much.2.The teacher asked:“Do you like English?”The teacher asked()English.3.Mike asked:“When will our plane land?”Mike asked().4.The teacher said:“Keep silent.”The teacher()the students()()silent.5.Mary asked me:“How long have you stayed inChina?”Mary asked me()()in China.,that,if/whether,when,asked,to,keep,how,long,I liked,our plane would land,I had stayed,宾语从句的时态,你昨天什么时候起床的？你每天几点到校？你明天几点出发？,When did you get up yesterday?,When do you get to school every day?,When will you start tomorrow?,I wonder,I wonder when you got up yesterday.I wonder when you get to school every day.I wonder when you will start tomorrow.,主现从不限,I wonder 他是否去过北京。,if he has been to Beijing.,宾语从句的时态,What is your favourite activity?What is he doing?My father will go to Beijing next week.He has finished his homework.,I know,I knew,what your favourite activity was.,what he was doing.,主过从四过,my father would go to Beijing next week.,he had finished his homework.,The earth is bigger than the moon.My mother told me(合并句子),My mother told me _,that the earth is bigger than the moon.,注意:,当从句叙述的内容为客观真理时，仍然用一般现在时。,e.g.Our teacher said the moon moves around the sun.,现在时(一般现在时,现在进行时,现在完成时),一般将来时,Could you,Would you please.,保持不变,一般过去时,一般现在时,一般过去时,一般过去时,过去完成时,一般将来时,过去将来时,现在进行时,过去进行时,现在完成时,过去完成时,当从句叙述的内容为客观真理时，仍然用一般现在时。e.g.The teacher said that the moon moves around the sun.,注:,如何确定从句的时态(根据主句时态),“Where is the nearest bank?”Could you tell me?Could you tell me where _.2.“I have given up smoking,”said my brother.My brother said that he _.3.“Are you going to learn swim?”asked Tom.Tom asked me if/whether I_.4.“What will we do next?”we havent decided.We havent decided what we_.5.“What did you say?”I didnt hear.I didnt hear what you_.,the nearest bank is,had given up smoking,was going to learn to swim,will do next,had said,Exercise:,疑问句中，could，would表婉转的语气，不表示过去时。,将下列句子合并为一:1.Where do they stop on the way?I asked.I asked _ on the way.2.What will you speak at the meeting?Could you tell me?Could you tell me _at the meeting?3.Do they like to play football?Tom asked.Tom asked_ to play football.4.“I am doing my homework.”He said.He said _his homework.5.“I will come back.”Tom said.Tom said_ back.6.She asked me:“Whats wrong with you?”She asked me_with me.,where they stopped,what you will speak,if/whether they liked,(that)he was doing,(that)he would come,what was wrong,注:whats wrong with sb.及 whats the matter with sb.,语序不变.,7.“Dont play in the streets,”the teacher said to the boy.8.“When and where will the concert be held?”I wondered.9.“Why is the train late?”Would you tell me?10.“Will they go to Beijing?”They havent decided.11.“When should we start?”Do you know?,The teacher told the boy not to play in the streets.,I wondered when and where the concert would be held.,Would you tell me why the train is late?,Do you know when we should start?,Do you know when to start?,疑问词+主语+谓语,疑问词+to+v.(不定式)作为宾语,成为简单句.,They havent decided if/whether they will go to Beijing.,He hasnt decided which seat he should take.He hasnt decided_.2.I really dont know where I can find my lost key.3.Can the computer tell us what we should do next?4.Can you tell me when to start?Can you tell me _?5.I cant decide which one to choose.,which seat to take,I really dont know where to find my lost key.,Can the computer tell us what to do next?,when we will start,I cant decide which one I should choose.,宾语从句,疑问词+to do,1.The headmaster hopes everything _ well.(go)2.Tom says that they _(play)basketball at six oclock yesterday evening.3.I hear they _(return)it already.4.He asked what they _ at eight last night.(do)5.He said that they _ members of the Party since 1948.(be),Exercise,goes,were playing,have returned,were doing,had been,6.The teacher told his class that light _ faster than sound.(travel)7.I think you _ about the relay race now.(talk)8.I didnt know whom the letters _ from.(be)9.The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow.(be),travels,are talking,were,Will be,1.Could you tell me we get to the place?Ahow Bwhether Cwhere Dwhat 2.The teacher saysshe will leave a message on the headmasters desk.Aif Bwho Cthat Dwhat 3.I am not sure _ he will come tomorrow.A.that B.if C.what D.who 4.-Do you remember _ he came?-Yes,I do.He came by car.A.how B.when C.that D.if,A,C,解题指导一：判断语义，选择连接词,Exercises:,B,A,5.Do you know how much hot water?AMum is neededBdoes Mum needCMum needs Ddid Mum need6.Can you tell me?Awhere he is Bwhere is he Che is where Dwhat is he7.I want to know how long.Ahas he been backBhas he come backChe has been backDhe has come back,C,A,C,解题指导二：语序正常：连接词后紧跟主语+谓语，即宾语从句中要用陈述句语序。,8.I thought he _to see his mother if he _time.Awill gohasBwill go will haveCwould go would haveDwould go had9.Do you know?A.what the news areB.what is the newsC.what the news is D.what are the news,确定连接词(根据从句的句式),如何改写宾语从句,2.确定从句语序(把从句变成陈述句,即主谓顺序),3.确定从句的时态(根据主句时态),Good bye!,