解读对调压器的一般介绍及其选型方法中英文.doc

解读对调压器的一般介绍及其选型方法中英文General introduction of voltage regulator and its selection method一、一般介绍General introduction调压器的主要特性参数The main characteristic parameters of regulator适用对象：Applicable objects:介质：Medium:设计温度：Design temperature:环境温度：Ambient temperature:规格（公称尺寸）：Specification ( nominal):阀口尺寸：The valve size:全开能力、流量系数：Full capacity, flow coefficient:承压能力（公称压力）：Bearing capacity (nominal pressure ):出口压力范围、设定值：Outlet pressure range, the setting value:启动差压：Start pressure:调压精度：The accuracy of the regulator:关闭精度：Close the accuracy:m、超压切断范围、低压切断范围、设定值：M, super pressure cutting range, low cutting range, setting value:n、放散压力。N, releasing pressure.类型及其特性The types and characteristics of按作用原理分： 直接作用式（大皮膜）、间接作用式（指挥器，伺服式）；According to the principle of action: direct action ( in the film ), indirect effect ( command, servo type );调压对象：后压式、前压式；Pressure: pressure, pressure after the object before;按流动方向分：曲流式、轴流式；According to the flow direction: meander type, axial flow type;按阀口密封分：软密式（无泄漏）、硬密式（微泄漏）；According to valve sealing points: the soft sealing type ( no leakage ), hard sealing type ( leakage);按阀口形式分：单阀口、双阀口；盘形、锥形、塞形、孔口形；阀式、膜式（平、套形）等（阀门特性不同）；According to the valve port forms : single valve, dual valve port; disc, conical, plug, hole shape; valve type, film type ( flat, shape ), ( the valve characteristics of different );按调压器功能分：普通式、两极、监控式、一体切断式、内置放散式、电控（动）式、组合式等。According to the voltage regulator functions : ordinary type, bipolar, monitoring, one off, a built-in discharge type, control ( dynamic ) type, combination type etc.国内常用的进口调压器制造厂家及产品特点The commonly used imported regulator manufacturer and product characteristicsELSTER（德、美、英）：轴流、径向流、中低压、地下；ELSTER ( Germany and the United States, Britain ): axial, radial flow, low pressure, underground;TARTARINI（意）：轴流、高中低、多功能、地下、站；TARTARINI ( Italy ): axial flow, high and low, multifunctional, underground, station;RMG（德、英）：轴流、高中低、多功能、地下、站、多指挥器、皮膜型式、阀口材料；RMG ( German, English ): axial flow, high and low, multifunctional, underground, stations, director, film type, valve material;FIORENTINI（意）：高中低、多功能、地下、站；FIORENTINI ( Italy ): high low, multifunctional, underground, station;FISHER（美）：高中低、多功能、站（地下）。FISHER (US ): high low, multifunctional, station ( underground ).二、调压器的工作能力的估算Estimation of the regulator operation ability最大工作能力定义：对于规定的介质，在设计的进出口压力下，调压器的阀口完全打开时的工作能力。Defines the maximum capacity: provisions of the media, in the design of the import and export pressure, pressure regulator valve is fully open working ability.可用流量系数（KG）来衡量调压器工作能力的大小：Available flow coefficient ( KG ) to measure the regulator operation ability:KG（C2）的物理含义是：在标准状态下，介质为天然气（密度=0.38kg/m3(RMG)、0.78kg/m3(ELSTE)、0.72kg/m3(TARTARINI) ），进口压力为1bar（相对），出口压力为常压，调压器的最大工作能力。KG ( C2 ) physical meaning is: in the standard state, medium is natural gas ( density =0.38kg/m3 ( RMG ), 0.78kg/m3 ( ELSTE ), 0.72kg/m3 ( TARTARINI ) ), 1bar ( relative ) inlet pressure, outlet pressure is atmospheric pressure, the maximum working capacity regulator.流量计算公式Calculation formula of the flow理论上计算方法大家已经了解，但是，使用比较麻烦，因此，大家都使用简易的经验公式以及厂家提供等有关的经验数据来进行计算，这里我们介绍德国RMG公司提供的用流量系数（KG）来计算最大工作能力的方法如下：The theory calculation method we already know, however, the use of more trouble, therefore, we are using the empirical formula is simple and manufacturers to provide empirical data relevant to calculate, here we introduce German RMG company offers the flow coefficient ( KG ) methods to calculate the maximum capacity for work:亚临界流状态 超临界流状态Subcritical flow supercritical flow condition 压力比Pa/Pe0.53 压力比Pa/Pe <0.53Pressure ratio Pa/Pe 0.53 pressure ratio Pa/Pe <0.53qn=KG ·Pa(Pe-Pa)1/2(m3/h) qn=KG ·Pe/2(m3/h)Qn=KG Pa ( Pe-Pa ) 1/2 ( m3/h ) qn=KG ·Pe/2 ( m3/h )式中：Pa、Pe分别是调压器出口和进口的绝对压力，单位是bar，不同调压器的KG值，由生产厂家提供。Type : Pa, Pe respectively is the absolute pressure for import and export, the unit is bar, different voltage regulator KG, provided by the manufacturer.对于不同介质，最大工作能力可用下式换算：For different media, the maximum working capacity available type conversion:qn(其他)=qnX(0.83/p)1/2QN ( other ) =qnX ( 0.83/p ) 1/2一般情况无须考虑介质温度的影响，如果须要，可以用下式换算：In general, without considering the influence of the temperature of the medium, if necessary, can use the type conversion:qn(温度)=qnX(273.15/T)1/2QN ( temperature ) =qnX ( 273.15/T ) 1/2式中：T是介质的绝对温度In the formula: T is the absolute temperature medium其它厂家提供的计算方法也大同小异，这里不再赘述。Calculation method for other manufacturers to provide the same, here no longer.三、调压器的选型方法Method of selection pressure regulator几个问题的讨论Discussion on several problems工作能力的大小（10%100%）Ability to work size ( 10% - 100% )调压和关闭精度（25%、20%、10%、5%、2.5%）；Pressure and closing precision ( 25%, 20%, 10%, 5%, 2.5%. ) ;放散能力的大小（全放散、部分放散）；Diffusion capacity ( the bleeding, bleeding part );监控和安全切断（是否都具备）；Monitoring and safety shut-off ( have );进口与国产；Imported and domestic;扩大调压器的使用领域（限流、关断、流量控制）。Expand the use field of transformer ( current limiting, shutdown, flow control ).应综合考虑以下因素：We should consider the following factors:用户的用气方式（连续、间断）；The user with the gas mode ( continuous, discontinuous );用途、用气设备及其种类和数量（门站、输配、小区；炉灶、燃烧器、充装；单一、成批）；Gas equipment and the type and quantity of use, ( gate stations, transmission and distribution, area; stove, burner, filling; single, batch );气质（腐蚀性、颗粒物含量）；Temperament ( corrosion, the content of particulate matter );用气规模（发展）及负荷变化范围（Qmax、Qmin）;With gas ( Development ) and the variation range of load ( Qmax, Qmin );进口压力的大小及变化范围（P1max、P1min）;The size and the range of variation of inlet pressure ( P1max, P1min );出口压力的大小及允许变化范围（P2max、P2min）；Size and allowable range of outlet pressure ( P2max, P2min );维修与配件Repair and accessories经济性；Economy;安全性；Safety;10、其他。10, other.过滤、预热以及调压过程的噪音和消除问题Filtration, preheating and pressure regulating process noise and eliminate the problem滤芯：不锈钢网（大于100微米）、聚酯纤维（5100微米）。Filter: stainless steel net ( greater than 100 micron ), polyester fiber (5 - 100 m ).预热：调压过程是绝热膨胀一等熵过程，进出口的温度变化可以用状态图查到。Preheating: regulating process is isentropic process adiabatic expansion, temperature change of import and export can be used to state which.噪音：建议控制在85分贝以内，如果大于85分贝，应进一步扩径或使用低噪音调压器或加装消音器。Noise : it is recommended that controlled within 85 dB, if greater than 85 dB, should further expanding or use low noise voltage regulator or muffler.四、控制压力的接取位置与改进方法Pressure control access location and improvement methods这个问题大家会经常碰到，取压点的设置的确对调压器的工作性能有一定的影响，见例。尽量在调压器出口变径后四倍D，阀门前两倍D的位置取压。This issue we will often encounter, the pressure point of the set is on the performance of pressure regulator has the certain influence, see example. As far as possible in the regulator outlet diameter after four times of D, valve two times the location of the D pressure.如果条件不允许，必须采取适当的辅助方法，例如用内感、整流等方法。If the condition does not permit, must take the auxiliary method, such as inner sense, rectification method.