新兴海上浮式生产储油船.ppt

LESSONS LEARNT FROM LARGE NEW-BUILD FPSO PROJECTS新兴海上浮式生产储油船学习,2,Who we are and our past records in FPSO projects公司介绍及浮式生产储油船工程历史回顾Mega FPSO projects the risks&challenges百万浮式生产储油船工程风险与挑战The future for large floating production projects大型浮式采油工程前景,Contents目录,3,Who we are and our past records 公司介绍及历史回顾,4,Technip Today,Worldwide leader in engineering,project management and technologies,serving the oil&gas industry for more than 50 years工程技术、工程管理与工艺方面的世界级顶尖人才已致力于石油天然气工业50余载。A regular workforce of 23,000 in 46 countries目前计46个国家的常规劳动力人数为23，000Industrial assets on 5 continents,a fleet of 19 vessels(end 2010)工业资产遍布五大洲，并将有19大机群船舶（截止2010年）2008 revenue:7.5 billion2008年收入：750万美元,Subsea海底,Offshore近海地区,Onshore岸上,A long term solid partner长期的坚实合作伙伴,5,浅水区固定平台的工程与建造（测试模式发生器500）Engineering and fabrication of floating platforms for deep waters(Spar,semi-submersible platforms,FPSO)用于深海区的悬浮式平台的工程与建设（超精密进场雷达、半潜式近海钻井平台、浮式生产储油船）Leadership in floatover technology海上大型结构物的浮式安装技术的领先地位Management of construction yards建设场地的管理,Design,manufacture and supply of deepwater flexible and rigid pipelines,umbilicals,and riser systems设计、生产和提供用于深海区的灵活而又刚性的管道、系缆 和竖管Subsea construction and pipeline installation services海底建设和管道安装系统Five state-of-the-art flexible pipe and umbilical manufacturing plants五种尖端软管和细缆制造装置Five spoolbases for reeled pipeline assembly用于集成卷管道的五种转轴基底A constantly evolving fleet strategically deployed in the worlds major offshore markets在世界主要离岸金融市场中不断深入发展战略突破的舰队,Business Segments,Gas treatment and liquefaction(LNG),Gas-To-Liquids(GTL)液态天然气和合成油Oil refining(refining,hydrogen and sulphur units)炼油（精炼、氢硫结合）Onshore pipelines陆上管道Petrochemicals(ethylene,aromatics,olefins,polymers,fertilizers)石油化学制品（乙烯、芳族添加剂、烯烃、聚合物、肥料）Biofuel and renewable energies生物燃料和可再生能源Non-oil activities(principally in life sciences,metals&mining,construction)非石油项目（主要指生命科学，金属矿藏和建筑）,SUBSEA海底,ONSHORE岸上,OFFSHORE近海地区,Solutions across the value chain,6,A Fleet of 19 Vessels by 2010,深海蓝舰,深海开辟者号,日出 2000,探险号,构建师r,公主号,阿帕奇号,Orelia,Wellservicer,Skandi Achiever,Normand Pioneer,Seamec 2,Seamec 3,Geoholm,Alliance,Seamec 1,New deepwater pipelay vessel(delivery in 2010),Current fleet:17 vessels,Skandi VitoriaNew Brazilian deepwater pipelay vessel(delivery in 2009),2 new vessels,Skandi Arctic,7,Backlog未结订单,7.208 billion as of December 31,2008截止2008年12月31日未结额为,Activities,13%,3%,17%,18%,42%,7%,Deepwater,Petrochems,Other,Gas/LNG,Refining/Heavy Oil,Shallow Water,Europe/Russia Central Asia,Africa,AsiaPacific,Americas,Middle East,Regions,21%,23%,9%,24%,23%,8,DEEP WATERSUBSEA深层水域Agbami(Nigeria)阿格巴米（尼日利亚）Pazflor(Angola)（安哥拉）PDET(Brazil)（巴西）Kikeh(Malaysia)Subsea&Spar（马来西亚）海底侧板,LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS(LNG)液态天然气Qatargas II,III and IV,Rasgas III 天然气二号三号和四号，拉斯嘎斯三号（肯塔尔）(Qatar)Yemen LNG也门液态天然气Kupe(New Zealand)库佩（新西兰）Shtokhman(Russia)（俄罗斯）,Strategic Breakthroughs,ETHYLENE乙烯Shuaiba(Kuwait):Olefins II Project:Ethylene Unit舒艾巴（科威特）烯烃二号工程：乙烯装置Ras Laffan(Qatar):steamcracker（卡塔尔）：Yanbu(Saudi Arabia):steamcracker延布（沙特阿拉伯）蒸汽式定向钻井细钻杆,REFINING&HEAVY OILS 精炼与重油Dung Quat(Vietnam):refinery 沼气（越南）：精炼厂Horizon(Canada):coking unit&hydrogen units哈里逊（加拿大）：焦化装置和氢化装置,DEEP WATEROFFSHORE FACILITIES深水区金海岸设备Perdido Spar(USA)超精密进场雷达（美国）Akpo FPSO 浮式生产储油装置（尼日利亚）(Nigeria)P56 semisub(Brazil)（巴西）,9,Three Generations of Spar Platforms,Technip,and its partner Kerr-McGee(Anadarko),received the“Distinguished Achievement Award”at the 2005“Offshore Technology Conference”for the design of three successive generations of Spar platforms in 10 years.德西尼布和其合作伙伴Kerr-McGee（阿纳达科）以其十年成功设计超精密进场雷达于2005年“近海科技技术会议”获得了“杰出成就奖”,10,Technips Past Records in FPSOs 德西尼布在浮式生产储油船方面的成就,11,Major FPSO Outstanding Achievements 浮式生产储油船的主要杰出成绩,Records记录,“First”初始阶段,2010,2005,2000,1995,1990,1985,1980,Largest ever FPU世界最大的燃料净化设备NKOSSA Barge NKOSSA 驳船Congo Elf刚果电子定位器1991 1996Topsides Weight船体重量:30 000 T吨,WEIHZOUChina中国 TOTAL总额1984 1985,GIRASSOL基拉索尔Angola安哥拉-MPG for Elf电子定位器驱动器1998-2001Topsides WeIght船体重量:32 000 t吨,AKPO阿克坡Nigeria尼日利亚 TOTAL总额2005 2009Topsides Weight船体重量 37 000 T吨,DALIA戴利亚Angola安哥拉 TOTAL总额2005-2008Topsides WeIght 船体重量:24 000 t吨,The first ever FPSO project首例浮式生产储油船工程:1984/1985-WEIZHOU FPSO Basic Design for Total in China Small by todays standards with only 20,000 bopd production为中国设计的涠洲浮式生产储油装置的设计产油量比现在标准小，只有20000桶的日产油。,12,TECHNIP德西尼布-a leader in managing world-class FPSOs世界级浮式生产储油船管理的领袖,TECHNIP has experience of designing 4 world-class FPSOs德西尼布曾设计过四个世界级浮式生产储油船:NKOSSA concrete barge FPU Topsides weight 30,000 tonnes NKOSSA混凝土驳船燃料净化设备船体重量30000公吨GIRASSOL for TOTAL(former E.E.A.),as engineering subcontractor to the MPG Consortium-Topsides weight 32,000 tonnes GIRASSOL作为工程转包给MPG财团船体重量32000公吨DALIA FPSO as Leader of a Consortium composed of T.S.S.(TP/SAIPEM/STOLT),SHI and DSME-Topsides weight 24,000 tonnes戴利亚浮式生产储油船是T.S.S.(TP/SAIPEM/STOLT),日本芝蒲电气公司 和韩国大宇造船厂财团的领导人船体重量24000公吨AKPO FPSO as Lead of Consortium composed of TECHNIP and HHI-Topsides weight 37,000 tonnes AKPO浮式生产储油船是德西尼布和HHI财团的领导人船体重量37000公吨,TECHNIPs experience ranges from FEED through Project Management,Engineering,Procurement,Supervision and Commissioning德西尼布的工作经历从供给延伸到工程管理，工程技术、物资采购、加农管理、投产运转,13,ELF Congo NKOSSA FPS Project,Production Barge驳船产品:240 x 46 m米Topsides Weight船体重量:30,000 tons公吨Oil石油:120,000 bpd桶/日Condensate凝析油:1,300 tonnes/d公吨/日Concrete Hull混凝土船体:70,000 tonnes公吨(no storage无蓄电)Gas Dehydration/LPG extraction脱水瓦斯/液化石油气:500mmscfd百万标准立方英尺日Gas Recompression/Injection:400 mmscfd再压缩瓦斯/喷射：400百万标准立方英尺日Scope of Work工作范围:Basic&Detail Engineering,Procurement,Construction,Integration&Commissioning Assistance基本和详图工程、物资采购、建设、整合试运行协助,Manhours人工小时:Feed phase供料时间:86,000 h小时EPC phase 电子动力系统控制时间:700,000 h小时,14,Client:委托人MPG for Elf Explor.Angola安哥拉Location地址:Offshore Angola,BLOCK 1717幢安哥拉近海岸Award/Completion启动时间/竣工时间:1998/2001FPSO deadweight浮式生产储油船载重量:343,000 t吨Topside weight干舷船 重量:32,000 t吨Vessel length/width船体长度/宽度:300 m米 x 59.60 m米Oil production石油生产:200,000 BPD桶/日Gas compression气体压缩:300 MMSCFD285 bar百万立方英尺日 285型钢（离心的）(centrifugal)Compressor drivers压缩机驱动器 2 x 25 MW中波(gas turbines)（瓦斯汽油轮）Water injection注水法:390 000 BPD桶/日185 bar条Formation water treatment地层水净化:40,000 BPD桶/日Crude storage原油库:2 MM bbl毫米桶Crude offloading capacity原油卸货容量:6,000 Ncu.m/h,TOTAL FINA ELF Angola-GIRASSOL FPSO Project,Scope of Work:工作范围FEED and detailed engineering of topsides船体供料和详图工程Procurement Services采购服务Assistance during construction and commissioning建设和试运行阶段的协助200,000 Engineering manhours200，000小时的工程人工时,15,TOTAL Angola-DALIA FPSO Project,Water depth水深:1,400 m米Prod.Capacity产能:240,000 bpd桶/日Gas production瓦斯产能:280 mmscfd百万标准立方英尺日 Water injection注水量:405 000 bpd桶/日Storage capacity储藏能力:2 mmbbl百万桶Dimensions尺寸规格:300m米x59m米x32m米Modules模块:12+2+1,Topsides dry weight船体干燥重量 24,000 tonnes公吨,Contract details合约条款:Client委托人:TOTALContractor承包人:DMP consortium(TSS JV,Daewoo,Samsung)Contract Value合同价值:about 800 MMUS$大约800 MMUS$Schedule计划时间:40 months月,16,II.Mega FPSO projects the risks&challenges百万浮式生产储油船工程机遇与挑战,17,Water depth水深:1,325 m米Prod.capacity产能:185,000 bpd桶/日Gas production瓦斯产能:530 mmscfd 百万标准立方英尺日Water injection注水量:420,000 bpd桶/日Storage capacity储藏能力:2 mmbbl百万桶Dimensions尺寸规格:321m米x61m米x31m米Modules模块:15+2+1,Hull dry wt船体干燥重量 80,000 tonnes公吨,Contract details合同条款:Client委托人:TOTALLocation所在地 Nigeria尼日利亚Contractor承包商:Technip(consortium leader)&HHI,Topsides dry wt干舷船 干燥重量 37,000 tonnes公吨,AKPO阿克坡 a Mega FPSO project百万浮式生产储油船工程,18,AKPO FPSO Main Parameters阿克坡浮式生产储油船的主要参量,Value 1,080 Million USD价值108万美元Contract date契约履行期限:3rd May 20052005年5月3日Engineering completed竣工时间:end 20062006年末Topsides dry weight干舷船 干燥重量:37,000 tons公吨Schedule计划时间:46 months 月Starting of fabrication in Korea韩国装配启动时间:Hull船体:14th April 2006 2006年4月14日Topsides干舷船:3rd November 2006 2006年11月3日Sail away试航:July 2008(37 months after Award)2008年7月（决标后的第37个月）First Oil出油:March 2009 2009年3月,Contract Value:about 1500 MUS$Schedule:46 months,19,Large FPSO Project History巨型浮式生产储油船的历史,Large FPSO project history in the 1990s and early 2000s:巨型浮式生产储油船工程起于十九世纪九十年代到二十世纪初Enormous cost overruns巨大的成本超值Huge delays超时延迟.Leading to a generally bad reputation造成普遍的不良影响Since the mid 2000s these mega projects have been mastered by a handful of Engineering and Construction Contractors20世纪中期，大量的工程建筑承包商开始着眼于这些大型计划,20,FPSO Overall Execution Schedule Benchmarking浮式生产储油船整体施行计划表基准测试,21,FPSO Challenges 1/5浮式生产储油船的挑战1/5,FPSO are offshore mega-projects浮式生产储油船是近海巨大工程:Large teams have to be managed要组建一个大型的团队Construction requires world-class yards建设项目需要世界级的场地Engineering needs to fit with efficient construction 工程技术需要符合有效的建筑构造(constructability即具有可施工性),Integration“Quayside Hook-up整合即码头区的衔接Interconnection Work互连工作Pre-commisioning&Commissioning”事先授权和投入服务,22,FPSO Challenges浮式生产储油船的挑战2/5,Endorsement of FEED is critical供料保证是至关重要的:Very short review period at bid stage for a large installation with many interfaces如此大的装置要面临很多的接洽口，但在竞标阶段却是有限的时间决策FEED contractors not generally EPC contractors:no smooth transfer供料承包商不单是一般意义上的电子动力系统控制承包商：没有流畅的转接Endorsement usually involves numerous bid bulletins(FEED concurrent with bid phase)保证通常包含许多的竞标公告（供料要伴随于投标状态）,23,2004 2009:Spot the difference表样的差异,37,000 tonnes topsides at sailaway启程时的37，000公吨干舷船图样,27,600 tonnes topsides at FEED 送料搭建过程中的27，600公吨干舷船图样,24,FPSO Challenges浮式生产储油船的挑战3/5,Numerous interfaces between hull,risers and topsides船壳、竖板和水上部分船体之间的很多接洽口:Different contractual entities不同契约上的组构 Different priorities不同的优先顺序The managing entity(usually topsides Contractor)has no contractual relationship with the two others管理机构（通常是干舷船承包商）与以上两点没有合约上的联系,“Generic”FPSO普型浮式生产储油船 23000T吨 Topside干舷船,Base Case 基本情况-“Small”Modules小模块11 Modules11个模块15 Lifts From 300T to 3000T15个承重300吨到3000吨的脚手架19 Internal physical interfaces19个内置的物理界面,Alternate Case交替情况-“Large”Modules大模块 6 Modules6个模块 6 Lifts From 3000T to 4500T6个承重在3000吨到4500短的脚手架 7 Internal physical interfaces7个内置的物理界面,25,FPSO Challenges浮式生产储油船的挑战4/5,Mega FPSO projects require a tight execution schedule大型浮式生产储油船项目需要缜密的实施计划Strict fabrication sequences for Hull:船体要执行严格的制造顺序First cutting of steel第一次切割钢铁Keel laying安装龙骨Time in dry dock slot止水槽的时间定位Hull outfitting船体外壳的装建Topsides installation and onshore hook-up干舷船装置和岸上装配Tow to site被拖船到达指定场地Offshore final hook-up&commissioning近海地区的最后安装和试运行,26,FPSO challenges浮式生产储油船的挑战5/5,Long Lead Items equipment:分立式引线项目设备Fast track schedule for major equipment大型设备快速跟进计划表Early start of LLI requires an early mobilisation of the contractor先期液位面指示器需要承包商的早期运用Safety and environment design constraints to be right the first time安全与环境设计约束条件要在第一时间内完成:Safety studies are long lead studies compared to the engineering schedule与工程进度表相比，安全教育学习是一项长期的教育学习Noise studies are based on vendor data arriving late in the execution噪声研究基于厂商提供的数据资料，此项将迟些执行Late impact on AFC design to be avoided避免音频设计的后期负面影响Weight control is always critical:重控制仍然至关重要Module weight not to exceed lifting capacity组建重量不能超过承载能力Weight increases and COG elevation can affect FPSO stability 超重和提高重心都会影响浮式生产储油船的稳定性,27,Typical FPSO Project,Hull keel laying:Hull launching:,January 2007,September 2006,28,The future for large floating production projects巨型浮式采油项目的机遇,29,Mega FPSO Market Trend百万浮式生产储油船的市场趋势,FPSO are required in areas where oil cannot be exported through pipelines浮式生产储油船的需求市场是那些不能用管道输出出口石油的地区Mega FPSOs appeared in the mid 1990s with the discovery&development of the so-called elephant projects in deepwater offshore West Africa在非洲上海近海岸西部，伴随着所谓的大油田工程的发起发展，百万浮式生产储油船于20世纪90年代中期问世:GirassolKizombaDaliaPlutoniaAgbamiEhraAkpoToday the mega FPSO market will tend to decrease due to:如今的百万浮式生产储油船市场的趋势有所褪减，其原因如下：A decrease in the discovery of elephant fields大油田领域的开发的褪减A tie-back trend in West African waters due to西非沃特斯公司的不景气趋势:Maximized use of existing FPSO when original production decreases当原始生产减少，就最大化的利用已有的浮式生产储油船Tie back several fields/blocks to a common Mega FPSO几处不景气领域/阻碍了普型百万浮式生产储油船的发展FLNG will take over the Mega FPSO market if it proves economic 如果FLNG承认其经济价值，FLNG将接管百万浮式生产储油船的市场,30,Simple Value Equivalency With Oil Shows Problem石油纯价值等效其表现的问题,Small FPSO creates same energy output as Shells FLNG concept根据Shells FLNG 的理念，小型浮式生产储油船可以创造同等的输出能量LNG contracts now linked to oil BTU equivalency液态天然气承包商与石油英热相连等价比65,000 Bbl/day generates same BTUs as a 3.5 mil ton/yr LNG facility65000桶/日的产能等同于3.5英里吨/驳船液态天然气耗功能FPSO can be converted tanker with leased 15,000 ton production unit 15000吨生产量的浮式生产储油船可以租借换成一个坦克FLNG 60,000+ton topside FLNG 60,000+吨干舷船AKPO is good comparison AKPO是一个很好的比较250,000 Bbl/day with 40,000 ton topsides 40，000吨的干舷船日产250，000桶4X the energy throughput as Shells 3.5 mil ton/yr gFLNG concept 4X的能量吞吐量等同于3.5英里 吨/驳船 gFLNG 型 4X2/3 the topsides and hull size仅为干舷船和船体尺寸的2/3,31,FLNG:a new market for Mega FPSOs-1/2 FLNG：百万浮式生产储油船的新兴市场,Similarities between FPSOs and FLNGs:与FPSOs 和FLNGs的相似处Scope of Projects工程范围:New build FPSOs have similar durations新建的FPSOs有同样的持续时间Monetary value and associated procurement risks货币价值和相关联的物资采购风险Alliance of contractors承包商联盟Dissimilarities:不同处Technical技术Motion sensitivity of process工序移动灵敏度Onboard gas loading and LNG off-loading机载瓦斯和液体天然气的卸载Segregated ballast with constant trim装有恒定下井仪月检的隔舱压载Packaging of equipment设备包装Commercial 商业化Risk with new technology新技术的风险,32,FNLG:a new market for Mega FPSO-2/2 FNLG：百万浮式生产储油船的新兴市场-2/2,Motion sensitivity移动灵敏度:Gas pre-treatment to stringent specifications高标准下的汽油前期处理Beyond normal sales quality超出正常销售产品的质量Liquefaction 液化Efficient system(Mixed Refrigerants)motion sensitive高效系统（伴有冷冻剂）反映灵敏Sloshing in tanks油罐内部的冲激Membrane tanks more cost effective but have sloshing limits薄膜储油罐成本效率要高，但是可以减少冲激负荷 Onboard gas loading and LNG offloading:机载石油装载和液态天然气的卸载For TMS will involve largest gas(size and pressure)swivels ever built 传输测试器将促成最大的石油旋转台的建立（包括尺寸和压强）No experience with offshore LNG loading vessel to vessel近海岸液态天然气装船没有经验Segregated ballast and constant trim:隔舱压载和恒定下井仪月检 Manifold to manifold alongside offloading systems require constant trim多歧管和旁侧多歧管卸载系统需要恒定下井仪月检 LNG half density of water液态天然气的密度相当于水的密度的一半No LNG condition requires considerable fixed ballast无液态天然气整修需要相当稳定的镇流器Packaging of equipment:设备包装Similar onshore systems cover several hectares占地数公顷的类似陆上系统Spacing for safety and explosion concerns安全和爆炸隐患隔离,33,Floating LNG solutions悬浮式液态天然气方案,Processing system处理系统,Cryogenic flexible pipe低温冷冻软管,FPSO浮式生产储油船,Subsea services&product provider海底服务和产品供应,FPSO LNG(FLNG),Cryogenic pipe-in-pipe低温冷冻管中管,A unique combination of technologies and know-how独特的科技相结合的产物,34,Technip moving forward on two developments Technip 正向两个方面发展,Monohull vessel单体船-Topside facilities“hardened”for motion上弦船功能的“熟练”操作Roll and heave motions横摇和升沉运动Can require gas phase refrigeration processes 油罐需要气相制冷处理less motion sensitive,but also less efficient虽有少的运动灵敏性，但也同样面临少的功效Prismatic(hard)LNG tanks or highly baffled/partitioned membrane tanks棱柱状的（坚硬的）液态天然储油罐或者强度障碍板/隔离隔板储油罐Storm shut-ins/disconnections(depending on severity)风暴隔离/断开（取决于其强度）Turret with SST stacked gas swivels海面温度转台构成石油回转DPS Semi-submersible hull-“transparent”to the seaDPS半潜式船体和海水相透明Motions within operating range of proven mixed refrigerant liquefaction processes标定的操作范围之内的移动与冷冻剂液化处理相伴的Sloshing minimized for use of standard design membrane tanks使用标准设计的隔离隔板储油罐已达到最小化