形容词的比较级、最高级.ppt

1,形容词,2,一、形容词的用法及位置说明人或事物的特征、性质或状态，常用来修饰名词或不定代词的词，叫形容词。1.作定语，放在名词之前，不定代词之后The nice girl is my sister.I have something important to tell you.有少数形容词只能作表语，不能作定语，如alone,afraid,asleep,awake,alive,well2.作表语，放在系动词之后。He looks very happy.,3,3.作宾语补足语，放在宾语之后，常与make,leave,keep等词连用。You must keep your eyes closed.你必须闭上眼睛。二、某些形容词说明事物间的关系，如方位、时间、用途等，不能用程度副词来修饰，也没有比较级的变化。如：the same,different,southern,northern,Chinese,Japanese.My answer is different from yours.三、形容词的名词化某些形容词放在冠词之后，变成名词，表示一类人，常见词：good/bad,young/old,rich/poor,deaf/blind,black/white,living/deadThe young should be polite to the old.,4,四、形容词的排列顺序当名词有两个或两个以上的形容词修饰时，这些形容词的顺序通常遵循一定的规则，一般不得随意调换，也不能依照汉语的意思去排列，通常可按照下面的次序排列：1.限定词，包括：冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词、名词所有格、数次等。2.表示观点的描绘性形容词，如：beautiful,fine,interesting3.表示大小、长短、高低及形状的形容词，如：tall,high,small,little,round等4.表示年龄、新旧的形容词如：young,old,new等5.表示颜色的形容词，如：black，white，6.表示国籍、地区、出处的形容词，如：Japanese,American,English,rural(乡村的)7.形成中心名词的材料的形容词，如：plastic,silky,wooden,two round blue plastic plates two big round new Chinese wooden tables,5,五、有一些表示情感的表语形容词后可接动词不定式 be glad/happy/pleased/sorry/sad/sure/kind/ready/afraid/able/easy/difficult to do sth,6,Im more outgoing than my sister.,形容词的比较级,7,thin,fat/heavy,smart,outgoing,funny,short,tall,tall,8,athletic,quiet,serious,擅长运动的强健的,严肃的庄重的,文静的,9,The more we get together,together,together.The more we get together,The happier well be.For your friends are my friends,And my friends are your friends.The more we get together,The happier well be.,Twins,10,tall,short,What does he look like?He is,11,What does she look like?she is,thin,heavy,12,What does she look like?She has,long hair,short hair,13,What is he/she like?He/She is,wild,calm,14,athletic,outgoing,serious,What is he like?He is,15,athletic,outgoing,serious,heavy,thin,wild,A:Whats he/she like?B:He/She is,16,Compare the following pictures and make sentences,17,Yao Ming is _ than Pan Chang jiang.Pan Chang jiang is _ than Yao Ming.,taller,shorter,18,Taras hair is _than Tinas.Tinas hair is _than Taras.,Tara,Tina,longer,shorter,19,Michael Jackson is _than Mary.Mary is _than Michael Jackson.,wild,calm,wilder,calmer,20,tall taller long longer calm calmer short shorter wild wilder quiet quieter,找规律！,21,late laterfine finerwide widernice nicer,以-e结尾的单词直接在词尾加-r,找规律！,22,Lucy,Lily,Lucy is _than Lily.Lily is _than Lucy.,thinner,heavier,23,heavy-heavier early-earlier angry-angrier happy-happier busy-busier,funny-funnier,辅音字母+y 结尾的变y为i+er,找规律！,24,big,bigger,NO.2,NO.1,25,Lin Xinru is thin.,Liu Yifei is,Liu Yifei is Lin Xinru.,45kg,48kg,thinner.,thinner than,26,big-bigger hot-hotter thin-thinner fat-fatter,元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的，要双写最后一个辅音字母+er,找规律！,27,Tom,Pedro,serious,more serious,28,More handsome,Li Yong is Cheng long.,Cheng long is handsome.,Li Yong is more handsome.,handsome,more handsome than,29,athletic,Cheng Long is more athletic than Li Xiaopeng.,Li Xiaopeng is athletic.,Cheng Long is more athletic.,more athletic,30,Beautiful-more beautiful important-more important crowded-more crowed outgoing-more outgoing friendly-more friendly serious-more serious,多音节形容词加more构成比较级,找规律！,31,形容词比较级的构成：1.单音节形容词后加-er，以不发音的e结尾加-r,2.辅音字母+y结尾的双音节词，改y为i加-er,3 末尾是元辅结构，且重读，双写末尾的辅音字母再加-er,4.部分双音节词和多音节词在前面加more,5.部分形容词不规则变化,short-shorter nice-nicer,heavy-heavier happy-happier,big-bigger hot-hotter,athletic-more athletic,good-better,32,形容词不规则变化:原级 比较级,goodwellbadbadly illmanymuchlittlefar,better,worse,more,less,farther/further,33,比较级规则变化口诀：,比较级，要变化，一般词尾加er。(long-longer)词尾若有哑音e,直接加r就可以。(nice-nicer)元辅结构来结尾，辅音字母要双写。(hot-hotter)辅音字母加y,记得把y变为i。(happy-happier),34,形容词的比较级,35,定义形容词的比较级：同类事物两者之间的比较，表示一个比另一个更用法：通常用than 来连接进行比较的两者。Bobby is taller than Anson.结构：A+be+形比+than+BThis apple is bigger than that one.这个苹果比那个苹果大。形容词的最高级：同类事物三者或三者以上的比较，表示“最”He is the tallest in the class.He is the strongest of the three.,36,Look and practice.,This ruler is long.That ruler is longer.That ruler is longer than this ruler.,37,Bradley,Yao Ming is tall.,Bradley is taller than Yao Ming.,Bradley is taller.,38,This bag is big.That bag is bigger.That bag is bigger than this bag.,39,Mr.Zhang,Mr.Zhang is heavy.Mr.Black is heavier.Mr.Black is heavier than Mr.Zhang.,Mr.Black,40,This pen is expensive.That pen is more expensive.That pen is more expensive than this one.,41,趁热打铁,1.great _ 2.hard _ 3.easy _ 4.fine _ 5.thin _ 6.near _ 7.delicious_ 8.small _ 9.late _ 10.new _,greater,easier,nearer,thinner,more delicious,later,newer,harder,smaller,finer,42,calm,Lu Yi is,Liu Xiang is calm.,calmer,Lu Yi is calmer.,calmer than,Liu Xiang.,43,Lin Xinru is thin.,Liu Yifei is,Liu Yifei is Lin Xinru.,45kg,48kg,thinner.,thinner than,44,Li Yong is.,Jackie Chan is outgoing.,Li Yong is,outgoing,more outgoing than,more outgoing.,more outgoing,Jackie Chan,45,fast,faster,fastest,Look at the pictures and understand 看图并理解,46,The green oranges are big.,The orange ones are bigger.,The red ones are the biggest of all.,47,Zen Zhiwei is short.,Tom is shorter than Zen Zhiwei.,Xiao xin is the shortest of them.,48,Liu Yifei is thin.,Xiaoming is thinner than Liu Yifei.,Mike is the thinnest of all,49,肥肥-沈殿霞,100kg,heavy,the heaviest,Mr.Wang,Mr.Li,Miss Shen is heavy.Mr.Wang is heavier.Mr.Li is the heaviest of the three.,50,Ge You is funny.Zhao Benshan is funnier.Pan Changjiang is the funniest of them.,51,250,000 RMB.,50,000 RMB.,The green car is the most expensive.,The red cat is more expensive than the bike.,The bike is expensive.,500 RMB,52,Jim,Tom,Stallone is the most athletic of three.,Tom is more athletic than Jim.,Jim is athletic.,53,cinema,Book store,Super market,My house,3000 m,4000m,5000m,54,is far from my home.,The book store,Super market,is farther from my home.,is the farthest from my home.,The cinema,55,Guessing Game.,56,He is the tallest basketball player in China.,57,the tallest person,58,He runs the fastest in 110-meter race.,59,the fastest person,60,Hes the most popular actor,and hes famous for playing Chinese gong fu.,61,the most popular actor,62,原级 比较级 最高级,fastshortbigthinfunnyheavyathleticexpensivefar,fastershorterbiggerthinnerfunnierheaviermore athleticmore expensivefarther,the fastestthe shortestthe biggestthinnestthe funniestthe heaviestthe most athleticthe most expensivethe farthest,63,一、形容词和副词比较级和最高级的构成,1、规则变化,64,一、形容词和副词比较级和最高级的构成,2、不规则变化,65,Good,better,best,Never let it rest.,Till good is better,And better,best.,好上加好，直到最好；精益求精，永无止境。,66,用所给的形容词副词的适当形式填空。1.Tom is _(tall)than Jim.2.Li Lei is _(young)boy in his class.3.David has _(many)story books of all the students.4.Li Lei speaks English _(well)in his group.5.Lucy runs _(slow)than Lily.,taller,the youngest,the most,the best,slower,67,改正下列句子中一处的错误。A Tom comes to school late than Jim._B.Which do you like better,cats,dogs,or chickens?_C.Who is oldest in our class?_D.He thinks math is importanter than Chinese._E.This work is very harder than that one._F.He lives farer than any other student in your class._,68,Thank you for your time.,69,形容词和副词的比较级和最高级1.大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：原级、比较级、最高级。比较级表示“较，更一些”。最高级表示“最”2.构成的不规则变化good/well better best bad/badly worse worstmany/much more most little less lestfarfarther/further-farthest/furthest,70,Good,better,best,Good,better,best,Never let it rest,Till good is better,And better is best.,Rhyme:,71,模仿例句完成以下句子Example：It is warm today，but it was_yesterday,1.It is cool today，but it was_yesterday2.It is wet today，but it was_yesterday,3.Hes late again today，but he was_yesterday4.This test is easy，but that one is_5.This bookcase is large，but that one is_,colder,cooler,wetter,later,easier,larger,72,1.few _ _ 2.hungry _ _3.late _ _4.early _ _5.easy _ _6.high _ _7.good _ _8.short _ _9.small _ _10 fine _ _11.athletic 12.outgoing13.important 14.delicious 15.necessary 16.serious 17.primary 18.careful,写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级,73,1.Hes on school basketball team.So he is _ than any other student in his class.2.What animals are _,elephants or horses?3.When autumn comes,the days get _ and the nights get _.4.Things are much _ on the moon than on the earth.5.This shirt is too big.Please show me a _one.,short,heavy,light,tall,small,long,74,tall taller long longer calm calmer short shorter wild wilder quiet quieter,一般情况下，单音节形容词+-er,/,75,late laterfine finerwide widernice nicer,以不发音的字母-e结尾的单词直接在词尾加-r,76,big-bigger hot-hotter thin-thinner fat-fatter,重读闭音节以一个辅音字母结尾的，要双写最后一个辅音字母+er,77,heavy-heavier early-earlier angry-angrier happy-happier busy-busier,funny-funnier,辅音字母+y 结尾的变y为i+er,78,beautiful-more beautiful important-more important crowded-more crowed outgoing-more outgoing friendly-more friendly serious-more serious,多音节形容词加more构成比较级,79,同等程度的比较,as+adj.+as 和一样如：as old as 和.年龄一样 as tall as 和一样高 as clever as 和一样聪明结构：A+be+as+adj+as+B+be A和B一样,80,同等程度否定的比较,not as(so)as 不像，不如如：not as(so)old as(年龄)不如大 not as(so)tall as（身高）不如高 not as(so)fast as 不如快The tortoise is not so fast as the rabbit.The tortoise isnt as fast as the rabbit.,81,同等程度的比较,as much as(不可数名词)和一样多There is as much water in this bottle as in that bottle.这瓶子里的水和那瓶子里的水一样多。as many as(可数名词)和一样多Eg.Bob has read as many books as Mary.鲍勃读了和玛丽一样多的书。,82,不同程度的比较,结构：A+be+比较级+than+B+beE.g.I am taller than Tom(is).我比汤姆高。Mary works harder than John(does).玛丽比约翰工作努力。This city is more beautiful than that(city).这座城市比那座城市美丽。,83,不同程度的比较的用法,比较级前用much,far,a lot,a little,even,a bit,a great deal,still,any等词来修饰，表示程度.用来加强语气，使意思更加明确。She sings far/much better than the others.她唱得比别人好得多。Your book is far/much more interesting than his.你的书比他的书要有趣的多。,84,不同程度的比较,句子主语不能包括在比较对象的范围之内He studies harder than any other student in the class.He studies harder than anyone else in the class He studies harder than all the other students in the class他比班上其他同学用功。（注：any other+可数名词，all the other+可数名词复数）,85,形容词比较级结构可以表示最高级含义1.Li Lei is the tallest student in the class.2.Li Lei is taller than any other student in his class.3.Li Lei is taller than the other students in his class.4.Li Lei is taller than anyone else in his class.5.No one is as tall as Li Lei in his class.6.Li Lei is taller than any of the other students in his class.7.Li Lei is taller than the rest of students in his class 8.No one is taller than Li Lei in his class.,86,不同程度的比较,比较的对象要一致，同等的两个事物才能比较。如:Toms bike is more expensive than Tims.(汤姆的自行车比吉姆的贵。)The weather of Beijing is colder than that of Shanghai.(北京的天气比上海的天气冷。),87,不同程度的比较,英语中往往用that/those或the/that one/the ones代替上文提及的同等部分。但如果比较的事物是不可数名词，用that 不能用the one/the ones/those The water in the glass is cleaner than that in the river.杯子里的水比河里的水清。（water 为不可数名词）I like these pictures better than those/the ones on the wall.(我喜欢这些画胜过墙上那些。)(those,the ones 指代可数名词复数),88,最高级的用法,三者（或三者以上）的比较才能用最高级（形容词最高级要加the）Mary is the tallest girl in her class.One of the+形容词最高级+名词复数表示“最之一”Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in the world.,89,比较级+and+比较级,此结构表示程度的加深E.g.Our life is getting better and better.我们的生活越来越好。当形容词需加上more变成比较级时，表示“越来越”须用“more and more+形容词原级”Shanghai is becoming more and more beautiful.上海变得越来越美丽。,90,Which(Who)is,Which(Who)is+比较级用于两者比较，问“哪一个更”Who is taller,you or your father?你和你父亲，谁更高？Which(city)is more beautiful,Wuxi or Suzhou?无锡和苏州，哪个（城市）更美丽？,91,Which(Who)is,Which(Who)is+the 最高级指3个以上的事物或人当中，哪一个（人）最为Who is the tallest of all the boys?在所有的男孩中，谁最高？Which is the fastest,a train,a car or a plane?火车，汽车和飞机，哪一个最快？,92,最高级的不同表示方法,最高级：He is the strongest in his class.比较级：He is stronger than any other student in his class.No other student in his class is stronger than he.原级:No other student in his class is as strong as he.,93,倍数比较结构,1 倍数词+as+原级+as My room is twice as big as his.我的房间是他的2倍。2 be+倍数词+名词She is twice my age.她的年龄比我大1倍。3 倍数词+比较级He runs three times faster than his sister.他跑步比他的妹妹快3倍。,94,形容词最高级的用法：1.表示三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时，用最高级形式。形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the,句末常跟一个in/of 短语来表示范围。Li Lei is the youngest in his family.Li Lei runs fastest of all.2.表示在三者或三者以上的人或物中进行选择时，用Which/Who is the+最高级+A,B or C?结构。Which is the fastest the train,the plane or the ship?3.表示“最的之一”时，用“one of the+形容词最高级”结构，该形容词后面的名词要用复数形式。He is one of the most popular singers.4.形容词最高级前面可以加序数词，表示“第几最”The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.5.形容词最高级前面可以有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰，此时不能再加定冠词This is our best lesson today.,95,Thanks!,