弗罗斯特诗歌中的头韵表达分析.doc
弗罗斯特诗歌中的头韵表达分析【摘要】“头韵”现在已经固定作为英语修辞法Alliteration的对应名称,我国传统修辞术语“双声”有异曲同工之妙,英语论文范文围绕两者的学术争论辩明了辅音和元音押头韵的两大基本分类。英语单词词首辅音可细分为单个辅音、双辅音群和三辅音群共三类情况,而英语中押头韵主要集中在辅音。本文专门列举了弗罗斯特诗歌中的突出的押头韵诗句,总结了弗罗斯特诗歌中的头韵特色,有助于英语学习者更好理解、记忆、欣赏英语诗歌,提高英语语言文学素养。 【关键词】头韵 弗罗斯特 诗歌 【Abstrat】Touyun has been accepted as the Chinese equivalent to alliteration,a poetic device in the English language.Shuangsheng,a littledifferent in connotation but excellent in expression,is the traditional rhetoric device in the history of Chinese literature.The scholastic debate aboutwhich of the two terms is more appropriate Chinese equivalent to the English alliteration arrived at the consensus that the English alliteration isclassified into two basic categories,consonantal and vocalic.As word initials in the English language,consonants can be further devided into singleconsonant sound,and double and triple consonant clusters.The majority of alliterations in English are concentrated in consonants,either single,double or triple.All the examples of alliterations are chosen from Robert Frosts books of poetry.The alliterative features of Robert Frosts poetryare generalized to facilitate English learners understanding,memorizing,and appreciating English poetry,thus improve their competence in Englishlanguage and literature.【Key words】Alliteration;Robert Frost;Poetry头韵广泛用于英语习惯用语、谚语、谜语、绕口令、书名、新闻标题和广告等各种场合中,在文学最高形式诗歌中也是一种常见的修辞手法。它曾是古代英语重要的诗歌创作手法,创作于八世纪早期的古老史诗Beowulf(贝奥伍尔夫)就是头韵这一诗歌创作手法的代表作。1066年诺曼征服之后,进入中古英语时期,随着法语等外来词汇大量进入英语,韵脚这一外来诗歌创作手法开始占据重要地位,而头韵则渐变成为诗歌的附属修饰成分。一、头韵的形式头韵常指单词或重读音节的首辅音重复,有时也指词首元音字母的重复。头韵最常见的形式,就是强调一个单辅音或两个单辅音组成的辅音群,如罗伯特·弗罗斯特的Lodged(曾被击倒)诗中的前两句:“The rain to the wind said,/You push and I'll pelt.(雨曾经对风说:/“你去风狂我来雨骤。”);再如茅草屋顶(The Thatch)诗中的第28/29句:“My greater grief was by so much reduced/As I thought of themwithout nest or roost.(当我想到它们无家可归,/出门前的伤痛反而大大消退。)”英语单词词首辅音最多为三个单辅音组成的辅音群,如New Hampshire(新罕布什尔)诗中的第213/214句:“The Vermontmountains stretch extended straight;/New Hamphsire mountains curl up ina coil.(佛蒙特的格林山脉笔直地伸延,/新罕布什尔的怀特山脉则围成一圈。)”英语中有许多两个或三个单辅音组成的辅音群,都可以与各自对应的词首或音节第一个辅音字母构成押头韵,如The Line-Gang(架线工)诗中:“They string an instrument against the sky(他们衬着蓝天为一架乐器调琴弦)”可以看成都押头韵/s/;再如The Mountain(山)诗中第十三和第十四句:“Good grassland gullied out,and in the grass/Ridges of sand,and driftwood stripped of bark.(被冲出沟壑的草场,草丛间的/沙埂,还有被剥了皮的漂流木)”。最为典型的元音押头韵例子出现在罗伯特·弗罗斯特的熟悉乡下事之必要诗中第五节:“Yet for them the lilac renewed its leaf,/Andthe aged elm,though touched with fire;/And a pump flung up an awkwardarm;/And the fence post carried a strand of wire.(但对它们来说丁香还会长叶,/被火舔伤的老榆树还会抽枝;/唧筒仍扬起一条笨拙的手臂,/铁丝网木桩仍牵着一根铁丝。)”二、头韵和双声之争双声是我国传统的修辞方法之一,汉语言重视音调,头韵的使用非常少见,在汉语中的作用不如英语的头韵那样突出,即使是押头韵的例子也不象在英语中那样较好地被人感知,当今更是逐渐减弱为主要构成双音节词。王宗炎主编的英汉应用语言学词典于1988年12月由湖南教育出版社出版。刘英凯通过对比研究得出两大结论,一是alliteration在历史上及当代语言实践中所起作用远远大于“双声”,二是alliteration所涵盖.
