预应力混凝土T型梁桥设计英语翻译.doc

河北联合大学轻工学院COLLEGE OF LIGHT INDUSTRY, HEBEI UNITED UNIVERSITY毕业设计说明书英语翻译设计（论文）题目：跨衡昆国道主干线庄田村段 预应力混凝土T型梁桥设计学生姓名： 学 号： 2007 专业班级： 07土木 学 部： 工程教育 指导教师： 2011年06月10日Along with the development of our society and progress and the living standard of the people's increasing, the transportation convenience degree and safety got people's extensive concern, bridge modern traffic is the indispensable constituent, at the same time, the construction of bridge got rapid development in our country, whether in the bridge engineering construction scale, or in science and technology level, are already among the most advanced countries in the world. In the highway route is already open to traffic is a ferry, highway Bridges and reconstruction of needs with socialist industry, agriculture, national defence and science and technology step by step, also to realize the modernization of the urgent need to build many roads, railways and Bridges, here we the bridge engineering personnel will continue to face all kinds of design and construction of Bridges of arduous task.Prestressed concrete beam bridge is our country road is widely used and has a long history of a kind of bridge structure type, shape it grandiose, and durable. In recent years, arch bridge, cable-stayed bridge, such as suspension bridge built in China, but a bridge for quite a long time is not provide lots of steel to build roads and Bridges, the prestressed reinforced concrete simply-supported beam bridge high strength steel, T without crossing ability is bigger, lower cost characteristic, accords with current situation.A, project survey and alternative schemes(a) this This design for flat lock the highway is a main highway GZ75 (hengyang nanning to kunming to highway) is located in yunnan province domestic ROM village to kunming. The important paragraph highway It way wenshan honghe river, two ground state, to the far, smiling are mountain etc, guangxi province, city and county east even south by national frontier ports that hair, estuary, the bow, west meets the national highway GZ40 and main national highway 326, national highway 323 line, line in the service of yunnan, east yunnan, yunnan south, southeast yunnan wide region, is the yunnan province out the main channel, edge haitong in yunnan province in southwestern and economic development plays a very important role. Route is located in southeastern yunnan, is located in longitude 102 ° and ° to 103 '" 20' 23, 24 ° "north latitude 50 '15" to 25 ° 02' 28 "between. This design sections for flat highway 11 contract section lock ZhuangTian section, belong to change local road 1. This bridge is mainly used to connect panzhihua village HeZhuang TianCun.(2) project survey 1. The topographyYunnan flat lock highway route starting point is located in wenshan zhuang and miao minority autonomous prefecture inkstone mountain county town, check point the flat in honghe mile county friends of general town. Administrative districts including the state, by honghe.This route area in the south of yunnan yunnan-guizhou plateau, southeast yunnan basin plateau in the highlands and, according to landform causes can be divided into three small unit of the landscape. This project is located in the third geomorphic units, namely: in K124 + 100 to K128 + 200 period, this area to surface water and ground water strong dissolition, mainland stagnant water accumulation and surface erosion accumulation effect is given priority to, river presents the dissolution of the basin filling broken landform features. 2. Water systemYunnan flat lock highway route nanpanjiang river system, the area of surface water main have green pool, nanpanjiang river, setting him. Green river, pond he are setting a tributary of the essay. According to the survey compiled nanpanjiang river flood of standing material, Yangtze river street near the station 1954 to 1969 the flow data and friends! Stand at the seven largest flow material, nanpan peak flow of 5410 m3 / SEC (1910), the most is 21.1 m3 / SEC flow (1963), another of the hydrological data according to calculation, nanpanjiang bridge is located in 1/100 of the flood water level elevation of 1012 meters, 1/300 of the flood water level elevation of 1014 meters. Setting a maximum peak flow of him 640 m3 / SEC (1915), the most is 0.30 m3 / SEC flow (1958). 3. ClimateYunnan flat lock highway route east longitude 102 ° in the region to 103 ° 43 '20', 24 ° latitude 50 'to 25 ° 02' between, main subtropical monsoon climate plateau. Dry seasons, the wet summer hot and humid, and little rain dry. Climate change significantly with altitude, with vertical zoning characteristics. For K94 for rock (+ 000) to check points (ZhuangTian section) for, at an altitude of 1000 to 1300 meters river valley and basin area, the average temperature of 19.2 ° C ° C, the highest temperature of 38.2, 2.5 ° C minimum temperature, the average annual rainfall of 795 mm, average annual evaporation 1334.1 millimeter. The route area rainfall and more focused on from six to nine months, accounts for 66% to 83% of annual rainfall, evaporation in 3 largest to may, the highest temperature is 5 to July, the lowest temperature is from December to February. In general, the route of regional climate characteristics are: plenty of rain, heat, cold enough, drought and the wind and weather disasters, the light, the less heat, water allocation is reasonable. 4. The earthquakeYunnan flat lock highway route the region seismic activity is frequent, is the main factors of influence of the regional stability. According to historical records, the earthquake destructive earthquakes have nine times. On December 21, 1919, to the far 5.5 earthquake, seismic intensity of 7; March 22, 1929, in the east longitude 103 ° northwest 24 ° latitude, ' '6.3 earthquake, the earthquake intensity 8 degrees; September 13, 1950, a old 5.8 earthquake, the earthquake intensity 8 degrees; May 14, 1953, small longtan happened 5 earthquake seismic intensity of 7; On jan. 5, 1970, the earthquake affected farming section, caused part housing craze or destroyed.Yunnan flat lock highway route area more than the earthquake happened in the west, and the east is less. The eastern region seismic intensity generally in 5 to 6 degrees, relatively stable areas of basic. The western region seismic activity, have more frequent seismic time, the decreasing trend, all previous magnitude earthquake intensity of 6 to 8 degrees. According to yunnan province earthquake team material, now the seismological bureau of vertical crust deformation obvious, relative changes of 50 mm, the earth's crust that is still in activities, belong to the unstable areas, and destructive earthquakes may occur.Yunnan flat lock highway route in the western region, the epicenter of the earthquake frequent activity in north and south to fault zone and open the distant parts of the structure of fonts hinged compound, and with hot spring out of the dew.According to the Chinese the seismic intensity zoning map "and" different counties in yunnan province, the seismic intensity zoning of highway ZhuangTian period of basic seismic intensity for: degrees basic earthquake intensity area.According to the code for seismic design of building (GB50011-2001) regulation, ZhuangTian section design basic earthquake acceleration value is 0.15 g. The most important purpose by the ministry of highway engineering design code for seismic design. 5. Engineering geology and hydrogeology evaluation(1) the geological structureYunnan flat lock highway route through the area DuoCi structure changes, the DuoZhong tectonic stack with each other, signs of structure is complex, the construction of the regional influence the system basically have: open the distant structure system, sn font structure system, north west to tectonic system.Yunnan flat highway route lock K123 + 000 to check point K128 + 200 for north and south region construction area of influence. The route area is the north and south to structure fault at the far to friends to old fracture in K124 + 400 through this area, near for quaternary strata covers it. Friends of general solution broken for the filling basin namely faults control formation.(2) stratigraphic lithologyYunnan flat lock highway route K124 + 100 by the area to K128 + 200 lakes region distribution in yellow, gray clay (including a gray clay expansion), to black NiTanTu, sand, gravel soil memory.(3) geotechnical physical mechanics index:The physical and mechanical indexes of rock TAB table 1.1rock namedensity（g/cm3）Bibulous ratePorosityaverage softening coefficientCompressive strength（Mpa）Dynamic elastic modulus Ed（MPa）Move poisson's ratio（）wetdrynatural stateWater saturationBaiyun limestone2.59-2.762.51-2.740.9- 3.52.3- 8.80.86-0.8732.4-50.620.3- 101.8sandstone 2.65-2.732.62-2.700.7-2.11.8-4.70.82-0.9352.6-107.639.2-109.357134.7-66981.10.28-0.30Silty sandstone2.732.62-2.662.8-4.18.6-11.00.726.9-9.12.8-13.136409.60.28shale 2.63-2.822.63-2.742.1-4.95.6-12.40.697.9-11.42.7-11.821667.60.32The soil physical and mechanical indexes TAB table 1.2Natural density。g/cm3Soil grain of proportion Gssaturation Sr%Natural porosity ratio e。Water content%Plastic limitpLiquid limitl%Plastic indexIPLiquid sex indexIlcohesiveCkPaInternal friction Angle。Compression coefficient a1-2MPaCompression modulus Es1-2MPaFree expansion ratio Fs%1.64-2.022.74-2.8685-1000.70-1.6524-5828-5251-11823-51<0-0.4939.6-134.41.9-25.40.09-0.1415.82-21.8020-881.64-1.912.66-2.8588-1000.938-1.6533.6-5836-5472-12834-86<0-0.4967.6-134.41.9-15.00.1-0.1514.86-19.0440-881.77-2.062.72-2.7970-990.63-1.417-3616-2524-418-17<0-0.7654-6221.7-22.60.073-0.08312-13.71.34-1.872.78-2.8685-1001.01-1.3135-8724-6242-10118-39<0-0.647-4916.6-25.10.048-0.2005-216. Hydrogeology conditionsThe route regional groundwater types have mainly loose rocks of pore water, bedrock fissure water, karst water three categories. + 100 K124 K128 + 200 sections of the area for friends of general fault basin, filling surface rock have distinguished the groundwater flows through him, shallow buried the body, average 1.27 meters, groundwater types for HCO3-Ca type, the local water for HCO3-Ca. Mg (making) type water. 7. Bad geological areasYunnan flat lock highway route through regional geological location wide distribution, sort is various, major adverse geological areas have expansive soil types, collapse, debris flow, landslide, lava, weak soil foundation funnel, etc.Expansive soil is mainly distributed in far street structure, friends of general dissolution dissolution basin fault basin filling period.Collapse is mainly distributed in the flying fish jersey for play.Debris flow is mainly distributed in the flying fish jersey for play. Landslide is mainly distributed in the flying fish jersey for play. Lava mainly distributed in funnel far street-old jade slope section. Weak foundation paragraphs main distribution jade friends at fault basins in filling dissolution. 8. Engineering geology and hydrogeology conditions comprehensive evaluation Yunnan flat highway route through area lock for friends of general solution filling basin, broken by surface water and groundwater strong dissolition, mainland stagnant water accumulation effect and surface erosion accumulation effect mainly river. Now with the soil, and clay strata, NiTanTu, sand and gravel soil primarily. Groundwater shallow buried, average 1.27 meters deep foundation bearing capacity, low value. Main bad geological phenomenon has soft soil and expansive soil, soft soil paragraphs have K124 + 250 K124 + 400, K124 + 700 K125 + 300, K125 + 700 K126 + 550, K128 + 150 K128 + 940 for four. The first three sections in xihe river flows through him that, because of the rivers change in position, low-lying terrain, groundwater, surface water collection for a long time and into. The surface is RuanSu shape, clay local paragraph, but there NiTanTu a hard plastic shape, buried deep value, to the subgrade less influence, so this section 3 of the surface water extraction, can fill in rubble, expounds the shallow deposition, and other methods will squeeze. + 150 K128 K128 + 940 for a swamp facies soft soil, and should do deep treatment. Expansive soil paragraphs have K126 + 600 K128 + 200, for a period of lithology red, brown yellow brown gray clay, line K127 clip + 250 K128 + 050 for a grade, do not take FeiFang area used as filler embankment. + 000 K124 K128 + 200 a embankment packing available K124 + 000 place deep excavation and the nearby yard, panzhihua village HouShan ShiLiaoChang filling the gravel soils.(3) the alternative schemes 1. The main standard than the alternative: From bridge stress system can be divided into beam bridge type bridge, arch bridge, suspension bridge, cable-stayed bridge and bridge, from safety, just apply, economic and beautiful four aspects analysis. Among them with security and economic oriented. At the same time, the choice of the form should give full consideration to the construction and maintenance convenience program. The past to the function of the bridge structure enough attention, now shipping, rapid development of the cause of the bridge obstacle clearance often becomes the transport bottlenecks, such as nanjing Yangtze river bridge, the bridge obstacle clearance is too small, leading to high tonnage level ships impassable, affect the upper reaches of Yangtze river, the development of the city. -in bridge beautiful, depends on the economic and environmental conditions and decide. 2. Proposals(1) cantilever bridge Figure 1.1(2) T steel structure bridge Figure 1.2(3) prestressed concrete simply-supported T shape beam bridge Figure 1.3(4) cable-stayed bridge Figure 1.43. The alternative schemes The alternative schemes table table 1.3Cantilever bridgeT shape rigid frameThe prestressed concrete simply-supported T shape beam bridgeCable-stayed bridgeapplicability1Piers for single row bearing, can reduce the size 2. The bridge girder height can be small, reduce weight, constant load structure internal force reductionThe static structur