非限制性定语从句.ppt
Unit 1 Cultural RelicsGrammar,限制性与非限制性定语从句的区别,一、意义上,二、功能上,三、结构上,限制性与非限制性定语从句的比较,1.Professor Wang has a son,who works in Beijing.王教授有一个儿子，在北京工作。2.Professor Wang has a son who works in Beijing.王教授有个在北京工作的儿子。,从句为非限制性定语从句隐含义为：王教授只有一个儿子,从句为限制性定语从句隐含义为：王教授也许还有在别处工作的儿子,限制性与非限制性定语从句的比较,3.Tom doesnt like to ask questions which/that make his parents angry.4.Tom doesnt like to ask questions,which makes his parents angry.,从句为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词questions,从句为非限制性定语从句，补充说明主句的情况，关系代词只能用which,不能用that,翻译：汤姆不喜欢问让父母生气的问题。,翻译：汤姆不喜欢问问题，这件事使他父母生气。,Tip 1:that不能引导非限制性定语从句,Lucy heard the terrible news,_ made her burst into tears.,which,从句为非限制性定语从句，尽管先行词news属于物，也不能用that，而只能用which来引导。which在从句中充当主语，指代news。,Tip 2:除which外，还可用when,where,whose,whom等引导非限制性定语从句，用法与其在限制性定语从句中相同。,Next month,_ youll spend your summer holidays in your hometown,is approaching/coming.She is going to live in Hangzhou,_ she has some close friends.,when,where,Tip 3:在非限制性定语从句中，做宾语的关系代词不能省略。,He was eager to go to the hospital to see his stepmother,_ he loved as his own mother.,whom,Tip 4:在非限制性定语从句中，关系代词which既可指代前面的先行词，也可指代前面整个句子。,Tom said the work would be done by October,_ I doubted very much.,which,表示时间的名词October，用“我非常怀疑”来修饰说不通。“我非常怀疑”应该修饰整个句子“汤姆说能在十月底前能完成这项工作”。,Tip 5:as和which引导非限制性定语从句的区别：当从句置于句首时，只能用as引导；置于句末时，as和which均可使用。,_ is known to us all,China has a large population.,As,1、as 用作关系代词，既可指人，也可指物；在定语从句中充当主语、宾语和表语。2、常用在the sameas,suchas,asas,soas等句型中，as不能省略，此时为限制性定语从句。3、as也可引导非限制性定语从句，解释说明整个句子，一般放在主句之前，意为“正如、恰如”。1)I want to have such a computer as he has.2)As we all know,China has a large population.,回顾as在定语从句中的用法。,充当宾语，指物,He has a computer.,正如，恰如,用as/which/that填空,1.It is such a big stone _ nobody can lift.2.It is such a big stone _ nobody can lift it.3._ is known to all,he is the best student.4.Jim passed the driving test,_ surprised everybody in the office.5.She wore the same hat _ you wore yesterday.6.She is wearing the same hat _ she wore Yesterday.,as,that,As,which,as,that,当主句中出现such 或so 时,看后面从句是否缺主语或宾语:(1)缺主语或宾语,从句前用as(2)不缺主语和宾语,从句前用that,as 与which引导非限制性定语从句都能指代整句内容，但定语从句位于句首时，只能用 as,意为“正如、恰如”,当主句中出现the same时,后面从句缺主语或宾语时与as搭配表同一类事物,与that搭表同一个事物,【高考体验】限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句做题规则:1.分析句式结构,明确限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别;2.明确从句的先行词及从句中所缺少的成分;3.明确选项中引导词在从句中所充当的成分;4.确定所选择的引导词。,1.(2013安徽高考)Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012,_ made one of the Chinese peoples long-held dreams come true.A.it B.that C.what D.which句意：2012年莫言被授予诺贝尔文学奖，这使得中国人民多年以来的一个梦想实现了。本题考查非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整句话的内容，关系代词which在从句中作主语，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。,2.(2013山东高考)There is no simple answer,_ is often the case in science.A.as B.that C.when D.where句意：没有一个简单的答案，这在科学领域里是常有的事。as引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，代替前面的情况。,3.(2012陕西高考)It is the third time that she has won the race,_ has surprised us all.A.that B.where C.which D.what句意：这是她第三次赢得比赛了，这让我们大家都很惊讶。分析句子结构可知这是一个非限制性定语从句，排除A项和D项(that不能引导非限制性定语从句；what不能引导定语从句)；又因为定语从句中缺主语，所以排除B项；C项which可引导非限制性定语从句，代表整个主句的内容，翻译为“这，这一点”。所以C项符合题意。,4.(2011全国卷)Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt,_ is a stupid thing to do in such weather.A.this B.that C.what D.which句意：泰德仅穿着短裤和T恤衫来度周末，在这样的天气里这样做是一件愚蠢的事。由句式结构可知，该从句为非限制性定语从句。从句中缺少主语，先行词为主句表达的内容。选项D.which可引导限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语。,5.(2011四川高考)The school shop,_ customers are mainly students,is closed for the holidays.A.which B.whose C.when D.where解题关键:对名词“the school shop”和“customers”之间的关系的正确理解。句意：学校商店在假期期间关门，(因为)它的主要顾客是学生。先行词为the school shop,与customers之间为所属关系,whose在从句中作定语修饰customers，故选B。,一、1.which 2.which 3.whose 4.which 5.whose 6.which 7.which 8.who,9.whom/who 10.which 11.who 12.which 13.As 14.which 15.which,二、1.(1)where(2)which/that(3)which/that(4)whose 2.(1)which/that(2)that(3)where(4)whose=of which the,3.(1)which(2)As(3)it(4)It4.(1)as(2)that(3)as(4)that,三、1.As is known to us all 2.in a way which is peaceful=in a peaceful way 3.(which is)the capital of China 4.which Ive been looking forward to四、1.As 2.It 3.which 4.which 5.when,6.when7.which8.who9.which/that 10.which/that,
