新视野大学英语读写教程（第二版）第三册Unit 8 Section ALegal and Moral Implications of Cloning.ppt

,Text Study,Idea Sharing,Notes to the Text,Words and Expressions,Writing,Understanding,Reproduction,Structure Analysis,Summary,Text StudyStructure Analysis,I.Structure Analysis,Event&Responses+Puzzles&Discussion+Reiteration,The Writing Model of the Text:,1.Event&Responses,Text StudyStructure Analysis,2.Puzzles&Discussion,Text StudyStructure Analysis,Text StudyStructure Analysis,Text StudyStructure Analysis,3.Reiteration(Para.19),Although the list of questions could go on,people just begin to wonder about the future ofthe world after cloning.,Text StudyStructure Analysis,II.Understanding,Answer the questions from the text,Text StudyUnderstanding,Text StudyUnderstanding,Part I.The News(Para.1),Q,A,1.Whats the news?,Lan Wilmut and his colleagues successfully cloned a sheep named Dolly.,Text StudyUnderstanding,Part I.The News(Para.1),Q,A,2.What did the success mean?,A world with human clones was suddenly within reach.,Related News,Text StudyUnderstanding,Part II.The Responses(Paras.2-3),Q,A,3.What was the response from governments?,They hurried to draft guidelines.,Text StudyUnderstanding,Part II.The Responses(Paras.2-3),Q,A,4.What was the response from President Clinton?,He ordered to study the legal and moral implicationof cloning.,Text StudyUnderstanding,Part III.The Puzzles(Paras.4-5),Q,A,5.What was the response from scientists and others?,They had a long list of difficult puzzles about the appearance of Dolly.,Text StudyUnderstanding,Part III.The Puzzles(Paras.4-5),Q,A,6.Why would anyone want to clone a human being?,Parents want to _ _.,Adults might want to _.,provide transplants for a,dying child or to replace him,various reasons,clone themselves for,Related News,Text StudyUnderstanding,Part III.The Puzzles(Paras.6-7),Q,A,Yes,if the body is fresh.,7.Will it be possible to clone the dead?,How?,Related News,Text StudyUnderstanding,Part III.The Puzzles(Paras.8-10),Q,A,8.Would a cloned human be identical to the original?,in appearance,Yes,No,in personalities,Text StudyUnderstanding,(Paras.8-10),A,identical genes,identical people,Why?,Q,8.Would a cloned human be identical to the original?,Text StudyUnderstanding,Because personality is heavily influenced by life experience and environment.,(Paras.8-10),Text StudyUnderstanding,Part III.The Puzzles(Paras.11-13),Q,A,9.What if parents decided to clone a child in order to harvest organs?,For the cloned child,itd be _.,For cloned animals,itd be _.,psychologically harmful,OK,Text StudyUnderstanding,Part III.The Puzzles(Paras.14-16),Q,A,10.How should a human clone refer to the donor of its DNA?,the original,Father?,Mother?,Text StudyUnderstanding,Part III.The Puzzles(Paras.17-18),Q,A,11.What are the other implications of cloning for society?,Whether the cloned are humanor not will _.,cause debate,Text StudyUnderstanding,Part IV.summary and expectation.(Paras.19),Q,A,12.Is the list of questions finished?,No,it is just the beginning,Text StudySummary,III.Summary,With the success of cloning an adult mammal,a world with human clones was suddenly _.Governments hurried to _ for an unknown future.At the same time,cloning has generated a long list of _ for scientists,politicians,and philosophers.Six puzzles or questions on the issue of cloning are listed.They are about the _ implications of cloning.People are just beginning to wonder about the future of the world aftercloning.,within,draft guidelines,difficult puzzles,legal and moral,reach,Text StudyReproduction,IV.Reproduction,Suppose you were the scientist who clonedthe mammal and would persuade the board of a big biotech company to invest your program of human cloning.Explain the necessity and the potential benefit of cloning.,Tips,1.Saving lives2.Huge market,Text StudyReproduction,Ladies and gentlemen,before revolutionary breakthroughs,some will choose to see the darker side.They hesitate;they retreat and they run away;here,we,leaders of the industry will choose to see the brighter side,welcome the chance and embrace the challenge.Some will choose to see dangers and stop before anything should happen;we here,will choose to see the opportunities and move onward to save lives,Focus Study,Active Expressions,I.Active Expressions,Notes to the TextActive Expressions,In English,you may find some expressions formed by very common words,but they are active and powerful.,Whats on at the cinema tonight?今晚电影院上演什么？Whats he up to?他忙什么呢?,1.It was science fiction coming to life.2.In the wake of this announcement,governments hurried to draft guidelines 3.Why would anyone want to clone a human being in the first place?4.In fact,twins are more alike than clones would be,and so forth.,Notes to the TextActive Expressions,Notes to the TextActive Expressions,Notes to the TextActive Expressions,1.我一提到去国外旅游，孩子们顿时显 得兴致勃勃。2.发生炸弹爆炸事件后，机场特别加强 了安全防范工作。3.首先，他做事没长性。4.他们出售钢笔、铅笔、纸张等等。,Notes to the TextActive Expressions,1.When I mentioned our plans for a trip abroad,the kids came to life at once.2.Airport security was particularly tight in the wake of bomb attacks.3.In the first place,he never sticks to things long.4.They sell pens,pencils,paper and so forth.,More Practice,Notes to the TextActive Expressions,1.日出之后，这个市镇变得充满生气。2.汶川地震发生后，中国的网站和报纸 纷纷报导震前动物出现的奇怪反应。3.首先,我们应该解决这个问题。4.我们必须学习英国历史、建筑学等等。,Notes to the TextActive Expressions,1.The town came to life after sunrise.2.In the wake of the recent Wenchuan earthquake,Chinese Web sites and newspapers are filled with new reports about strange animal behavior beforehand.3.In the first place,we should solve this problem.We have to study English history,architecture and so forth.,Word that scientists succeeded in cloning an adult mammalan achievement long thought impossiblecaught the imagination of everyone.,Notes to the TextFocus Study,II.Focus Study,the principal clause Word caught the imagination of everyone.the attributive clause that scientists succeeded in cloning an adult mammal the appositive of attributive clause an achievement(long thought impossible),Notes to the TextFocus Study,Practice,Notes to the TextFocus Study,This is Dr.Wang.Dr.Wang is dean of our college.,This is Dr.Wang,dean of our college.,More Practice,Notes to the TextFocus Study,Bill is the head of the company.Bill had to explain what had happened,Bill，the head of the company,had to explain what had happened,Notes to the TextFocus Study,The news disappointed us all greatly.Our basketball team had lost in the championship.,The news that our basketball team had lost in the championship disappointed us all greatly.,Notes to the TextFocus Study,The order was received yesterday.The order was we should send moremedical assistant to the front.,The order was received yesterday that we should send more medical assistant to the front.,English to Chinese,Word Using,New to Old,Matching Games,Word Building,implication n.(Title)something that is suggested,Words and ExpressionsWord Using,I.Word Using,I resent your implication that my work is not satisfactory.,我讨厌别人暗示我，说我的工作做得不好。,He was just plain stupid to give up this opportunity.,Words and ExpressionsWord Using,他放弃这个机会简直是愚蠢至极。,2.plain adv.used to emphasize an adj.or adv.,Words and ExpressionsWord Using,我们倡导过简朴的生活。,The meaning of the sentence is plain.,2.plain adj.clearly visible simple,We advocate plain living.,这句子的意思十分清楚。,Words and ExpressionsWord Using,我必须坦白和你说。,I must be plain with you.,2.plain adj.truthful and frank not attractive;not pretty or good-looking,这孩子相貌平平。,The kid has a plain face.,Words and ExpressionsWord Using,经过五年的努力工作，他升职在望。,After five years hard work,promotionseemed within his reach.,3.within ones reach inside the distance that can be touched,Words and ExpressionsWord Using,我认为这种新产品会为公司带来很多利润。,I think this new product will generate a lotof profits for the company.,4.generate vt.cause something to exist;produce,Words and ExpressionsWord Using,价格降低后，销售量就上去了。,Sales were mounting after prices were lowered.,5.mount vi.increase in amount or degree,Words and ExpressionsWord Using,地震过后，村子里没有任何房子是完好无损的。,After the earthquake,no house remained intact in this village.,6.intact plete and not damaged,Words and ExpressionsWord Using,这些考试和去年的考试相同。,The tests are identical to those carried out last year.,7.be identical to/with exactly the same as,Would a cloned human be identical to theoriginal?,Words and ExpressionsWord Using,他长得不好看，不像他母亲。,He was not beautiful;he didnt resemble his mother.,8.resemble vt.look or be alike esp.in appearance,Words and ExpressionsWord Using,9.refer to,refer to sb.as=call as referto sb./sth.=direct to sb./sth.for help go to sb.or look at sth.for information mention or talk about sb./sth.=mention+n./clause,Words and ExpressionsWord Using,9.refer to,What will you refer to cloning as?Ill refer to cloning as _.T:Complete the exercise without looking back to the text.S:Let me just refer to _.Complaints are usually referred to _.,Words and ExpressionsWord Using,目击者说是故意纵火。,Witnesses say that the fire was deliberate.,10.deliberate adj.doing something on purpose,The speech was a deliberate attempt to embarrass the government.,Words and ExpressionsWord Using,Hes never been particularly concernedabout what other people think of him.,他从不在意别人怎么看他。,11.be concerned about/over give ones attention to;worry about,Is there anything you concerned aboutrecently?Whats it?,1.The human cloning situation falls into two broad categories.2.Parents could clone a 2nd child who resembled their 1st child.3.The differences are so minor that detection of them becomes very hard.,types,looked like,discovery,II.New to Old,Words and ExpressionsNew to old,4.The concern is the deliberate altering of genes to create human beings.5.The Europeans debated whether the unfamiliar inhabitants were human.,planned,discussed seriously,Words and ExpressionsNew to old,implicationThe Theory of Relativitygenetic engineering in theory guideline,含义，暗示/牵连相对论基因工程理论上指导原则，准则,III.English to Chinese,Words and ExpressionsE to C,the splitting of the atomunder the name ofpersonality characteristicsdraft(vt.)be comparable to/with,原子分裂以的名义个性草拟/征募,征召可与相比,Words and ExpressionsE to C,give birth tosucceed in doingin the wake offall into,be divided into bring into the worldcoming after achieve(vt.),IV.Matching Games,Words and ExpressionsMatching Games,a variety ofbreak apartcome into lifeget aroundpuzzle over,be alive/vividovercomeall kinds ofthink hard aboutcome apart,Words and ExpressionsMatching Games,transtranstranstranstrans,Words and ExpressionsWord Building,trans-means“across,into another place or state”.,Prefix,plantatlanticformportmigrate,to put into the ground for growthof or about the Atlantic Oceanto give shape toto carryto move from one place to another,V.Word Building,to remove and plant in another placebeyond or cross the Atlanticto change the shape or formto carry from one place to anotherto move from one place to another,Debate,No,Yes,Idea SharingDebate,Is human clone a good thing?,Watch three movie clips about cloning,then debate on the following topic.,fight fatal diseases save dying relativeshelp infertile people have childrencreate geniusextend human lifeenhance civilizationcreate new immune systems(免疫系统)grow organs and tissues for transplant surgery(移植手术),Idea SharingDebate,deny human rights reduce variety of human gene poolunsafe abnormalities birth defectsa shorter lifereligious objectionspsychological harmsdegrade the quality of parenting and family life,Idea SharingDebate,Idea Sharing,Debating 1,Idea Sharing,Debating 2,Idea Sharing,Debating 3,Structured Writing,Practical Writing,I.Structure Writing,WritingStructured Writing,1.Structure Analysis,A List of Facts,The period 1986-1990 witnessed great changes in the diet of the Chinese people.The consumption of grain decreased year by year,while that of milk and meat showed a steady increase.Theres clearly a marked shift away from the traditional grain-based diet to onecontaining more high-energy foodstuffs.,2.Samples Paragraph,WritingStructured Writing,A List of Facts,The three changes are:,Grain consumption _;Milk and meat consumption _;Theres a _ from traditional grain-based diet to foodstuffs containing more high-energy.,decreased,increased,shift,WritingStructured Writing,A List of Reasons,Basket ball is popular in many countries.One reason for this is that its inexpensive.A ball and a hoop are all you need.Moreover,its exciting.Theres always lots of action.Additionally,its a healthful sport that both men and women can play.Furthermore,its both an indoor and outdoor game.In warm countries the game is played outdoors all year.In coldcountries,its a winter game played indoors.,inexpensive,exciting,healthful sport,both an,indoor and outdoor game,WritingStructured Writing,Each year,the loss of lives and property caused by floods totals hundreds of billions of dollars in the world.To solve the problem,man has to pay attention to the protection of vegetation(植被).Since plants can hold in place the top soil with their roots and slow the flow of water,less soil will be carried away if vegetation is well protected.Besides,man must lay stress on harnessing rivers by deepening river beds,strengthening river banks and changing rivercourses.,A List of Possibilities,WritingStructured Writing,A list of different ways to control flood include:,protecting vegetation and harnessing rivers by _ river beds;_ river banksand _ river courses.,deepening,strengthening,changing,WritingStructured Writing,A List of Possibilities,A List of Advantages of human cloning,fight fatal diseases save dying relatives help infertile people have children create genius extend human life enhance civilization create new immune systems(免疫系统)grow organs and tissues for transplant surgery(移植手术),WritingStructured Writing,A List of Disadvantages of human cloning,deny human right;reduce variety of human and gene pool;unsafe abnormalities birth defects a shorter life religious objections religious objections psychological harms degrade the quality of parenting&family life,WritingStructured Writing,3.Tips for writing,Write a strong topic sentence.Turn it into a question and answer it by listing facts,ideas,reasons,possibilities with proper link words.Make a logical conclusion.,WritingStructured Writing,4.Your Task,Write a paragraph with a general statement explained by listing on one of the following topics.,My Major in Mechanical Engineering,WritingStructured Writing,For your reference,A list of reasons of my decision:enjoy math and physics;family tradition;a variety of jobs,There were three reasons why I decided to choose mechanical engineering.The most important one was that I had always enjoyed both math and physics,and mechanical engineering seemed about the best way to combine these two.Secondly my father had been an engineer and had always encouraged me to do something similar.Lastly,I am sure there would always be a wide variety of jobsavailable for qualified engineers.,WritingStructured Writing,My Major in Mechanical Engineering,II.Practical Writing,WritingPractical Writing,Personal Ads,They are used to meet a re