中美家庭教育反映的文化差异修改.doc

毕业论文Culture Differences in Term of Family Education between China and America中美家庭教育的文化差异 学院 专业 级 班学生姓名 学 号 指导教师 职 称 完成日期 Abstract: Family Education plays an important role on the development of children. The childrens behavior will be influenced by their parents evaluation for them in the future. Meanwhile, compare with the concept of family education on four aspects and analyses the source of culture differences between China and America. It can be explained intimate connection of family education and culture in two countries. List the feature of family education between China and America and their difference of selfish departmentalism, value orientation, and national character to state the concentrated reflection of different culture in two nations.Keywords: culture difference; family between China and America; Family Education【摘要】家庭教育在孩子成长过程中起着至关重要的作用，孩子将来的行为会受到家长对孩子评价的影响。同时比较了中美两国家庭教育观差异的四个方面以及分析其文化的根源，说明家庭教育与文化的密切关系。并分别列举中国与美国家庭教育的特点，以及中美家庭教育本位主义的差异、价值取向不同、民族性格的区别来说明中美教育文化差异的集中体现。【关键词】文化差异、中美家庭、家庭教育ContentsIntroduction11.Family Education.11.1Different Concept of Family Education.11.2Different Concept of Dealing with Affairs in Family Education.22.Comparison of Family Education between China and America.22.1The Feature of Chinese Family Education.32.2The Feature of American Family Education.32.3The Direction of Evaluation for Children.42.3.1The Standard of Evaluation for Children.42.3.2Critical and Praiseful Words.52.3.3Affirmative and Negative Words.52.3.4Specific and General Words.62.3.5The Detail of Evaluation between Chinese and American Parents.62.3.6The Analysis of Causing Different Evaluation between Chinese and American parents. 62.4The Diversity of Family Education between China and America.62.4.1The Main Part of Family Education.72.4.2The Subject of Family Education72.4.3Perspective to Cultivation of Independent Thinking Between Two Countries.72.4.4Perspective to Cultivation of Equality between two Countries.82.5The Different Attitude on the Childrens Failure and Success82.6The Creation of Equal and Harmony Family Relationship.93.The Main Cause of Different Family Education between China and America.93.1The Difference of Selfish Departmentalism.93.2The Difference of Value Orientation.103.3Pursuit of Steady and Challenge Life.103.4Collectivism and Individualism103.5Love Socialism and Pragmatism.113.6Dependence and Independence.114.The Influence of Family Education Between China and America.114.1The Cultivation of Independent Children.114.2Make Children to Be Confident.124.3The Assignable Moral Education.12Conclusion13Bibliography14Acknowledgement15IntroductionEducation is the social activity of cultivation and the inheritance of experiences in our daily life. It is a sort of social culture phenomenon which reflects different social cultural implication from different ones. In a sense, cultural transmission is education which is also cultural originally. Family, school and social education are the three main part of the education. But family education should not be replaced by school and social education. When our children were born they had been in the atmosphere of family education, Generally speaking it indicates that behaviors of criticism, guidance, cultivation and administration by our parents. It plays an important role not only in modeling values but also cultivate a unique nationalism to our children. For instance, Chinese culture attaches importance to the harmony between human and nature but westerners pay more attention to overcome the nature by them. The family education between China and American exist a significant difference. For example, in the mutual relationship of family members, Chinese parents almost in the dominant position of it but American parents attach more importance to get along with their kids equally. About the concept of childcare ,Chinese parents almost hope their kids can find a good job to be prosperous in the future but American parents lay stress on promote their kids capability of living adaptation. About the ways of education between China and America, Chinese parents willing to undertake the whole things for giving their kids more time to spend on study but American parents tend to make their children do many practical things all by themselves. The disparity between two countries result in the living adaptation of Chinese children is inferior to American children. It is meaningful to promote children to grow healthily and enhance their own integral quality if we can good understand and take example by foreign advanced means of education for children. When we treat to others and society, Chinese prose golden mean and harmony but westerners competition and strive for life. Charles Laughton thinks that the methods of education are the choice for a certain social culture. Through the comparison of education between China an America analyses the distinction between two countries in cross-culture communication.1. Family Education.At present, the majority of family educational expert consider that family education can be divided in narrow and broad sense. Generalized family education indicates that family members teach each other in their daily life. In a narrow sense, it indicates that the elder members (especially for parents) of a family teach younger in their daily life. Family education as one part of family, school and society education has an irreplaceable meaning to other two educations. Family education is not only attaching importance to the health of children, but also their mental health which makes them more adaptable to competitive society in the future. More often than not, education is also an interaction between children and parents which means that they both be educated during the process of it.1.1 Different Concept of Family Education.As parents have an inborn love to their kids which is the common love both for Chinese and American parents. The only difference is that the expression of them is absolutely different. In our country, its deniable that we belong to our parents and should conform to our parents whether they are right or wrong. In United States, children are regarded as an individual who belong to themselves and have their own favorite, option, private and friends circle. In China, parents have infinite responsibility for caring for their children. When their children were born to grow up, they almost undertake the whole thing for their kids such as cooking the meal ,doing the laundry , cleaning the room and spending their weekend holiday to accompany them studying. But Chinese parents are willing to do all these thing for their own children who are give the hope of finding a good job and living happily in the future by their parents. In United States, parents have limited responsibility for caring for their children. And they will not to do all things for their children but kids should undertake some household chores such as setting the table, cleaning their own clothes and trimming lawns. Children can find a part-time job or help their parents to do household chores to earn the money. What is the limited responsibility of American parents for educating their children? First, they want to make their kids to know their own value. Second, they want to make their kids to know how to control themselves. Third, they need to teach their kids enough sexual knowledge to make them manage easily when they have physiological change. Fourth, they need to teach their children a whole set of social norm to get on in the world.1.2Different Concept of Dealing with Affairs in Family Education.American children can be optimistic when facing difficulties, have strong curiosity, willing to try unknown things, can bear the hardship and like to put on their thinking cap. On the contrary, Chinese children are always hesitate when facing difficulties, lack of interest, dare to try something unknown things, unable to bear hardship and unwilling to put on their thinking cap. What is the reason of it? The different means of family education between China and America result in it. First, American parents prefer to encourage their kids than to protection but Chinese parents are opposite to it. American parents encourage children try every kinds of activities. They believe that kids can learn, practice, cultivate the ability and interest and the utmost is that can establish self-confidence. Chinese parents excessively protect their children which make them rely on their parents and distrust or lose the understanding and evaluation of self-worth and ability. Parents afraid of their kids being hurt or deceived and consider a lot things are dangerous and dirty so that they do not allow their kids to do that. Second, American parents prefer to lead their children to a right direction that to inculcation. American parents always say to their children: “I believe.will be better”, “my suggestion is .do you like to listen my opinion?” But Chinese parents always say to their kids: “listen to me; you are too young to make a choice.” “I have been told you to do this way, why do not you listen to my words?” or “look! If you accept my opinion you should have not done this stupid thing! ”. Third, the requirement of American parents for their children is comprehensive but Chinese parents only require their kids to have good test score. Fourth, Chinese parents usually say: “You are too stupid to solve this problem.” , “ Mike is better than you in study.” , “ I have been taught you for so many times but you still can solve it!” which tend to influence and even break down the confidence of children. This kind of situation seldom happened in American family.2. Comparison of Family Education between China and America.Education is an activity of cultivating people, inheritance of social culture, transfer of production experience and the primary approach of life experience. Family education indicates that the elder and parents unconsciously or consciously educate their children of the family. The aim of family education can be separated to two parts as follow:First, the function of family education is that ensure the physical and psychological health of children can be well developed and make a good preparation for their kids school education.Second, its helpful for children develop well in moral, intelligent, and physical ability for children match up school education.Nowadays, not only the school education should be valued but also more and more parents attach importance to family education. The position and function of family education between China and America is different from each other. There are some causes of resulting in the different culture between to countries as follow:2.1The Feature of Chinese Family Education.First, Chinese parents usually charge of whole things of their kids to make them have enough time to study. Especially for those parents who have only child provide them anything what their kids need. There is also a new phenomenon that we can see most of elementary school students have mobile phones, digital camera, MP5 which are top grade consumer goods. Its detrimental to develop childrens independent ability and imperceptibly make them spend freely on money which given by their parents. A lot of Chinese parents only pay attention to their kids basic necessities of life but not their inner mind which easily make them have mental or moral character problems. In the meantime, its easy to make their kids have personality defect and lose ability of living all by themselves. Therefore, this kind of education is absolutely unreasonable and lack short of scientific.Second, the matters of family education one-sided emphasize test score. Chinese parents only attach importance to intelligent development of their kids but seldom evenly conduct the education of morality, intelligence, physique and art to their children. So that its the main cause of uneven in development of Chinese students integral ability. We also see a phenomenon that a lot of only children are high intelligent, vulnerable and sensitive. But in the fields of developing intelligence of children, Chinese parents only care for their result of ability of memory, comprehension and computational problem. On the contrary, innovation-oriented society is pressed for practical ability and creative ability.Third, Chinese parents always regard their kids as private property. They are concerned more about face-saving than their kids. They deserve their kids are their own and have right to control the childrens behavior. When their kids betray their orders, they also use their dignity or effect violence to their children but do not know it is illegal. They believe the concept of family education needs violence sometime to their naughty behavior. Furthermore, Chinese parents also think if they love their kids, whatever methods of expression, the kids should accept it and unconditional comply with it. As the times passes, the children would not like to communicate with their parents who will not be told by their kids when they have something mental problems. It affluence the kids mental health and is difficult to form a harmonious family relationships. 2.2The Feature of American Family Education.First, American parents lay emphasis on cultivating equal consciousness. American parents always like to provide ample opportunities for their kids to perform themselves in daily life regardless of whether the result is successful or failure; they often approve their ability and praise them. The children who grown up in this kind of relax environment are active, innovative and confident. But American parents will not neglect any shortcomings of their kids who are told “they should correct their fault when the find it out immediately” by their parents. Sometimes American parents also punish their children when they do some mistakes. But it mainly depends on the foundation of respecting childrens self-respect and they do not use any insulting words to humiliate them.Second, American parents pay more attention to cultivate independent consciousness and hardship spirit to their children. When their kids were born, they usually try every means to provide opportunities or conditions to train their kids to make them full trained in every condition. It is never be heard of some American children sleeping with their parents when they are baby who need to sleep in a small bed alone and grow up to older they will have their own room to sleep. Large quantities of American parents support their kids to take a part-time job which can