php毕业设计外文翻译通过PHP访问MySQL.doc

原文：  Getting PHP to Talk to MySQlNow that youre comfortable using the MySQL client tools to manipulate data in the database, you can begin using PHP to display and modify data from the database. PHP has standard functions for working with the database.First, were going to discuss PHPs built-in database functions. Well also show you how to use the The PHP Extension and Application Repository (PEAR) databasefunctions that provide the ability to use the same functions to access any supported database. This type of flexibility comes from a process called abstraction. In programming interfaces, abstraction simplifies a complex interaction. It works byremoving any nonessential parts of the interaction, allowing you to concentrate on the important parts. PEARs DB classes are one such database interface abstraction. The information you need to log into a database is reduced to the bare minimum. This standard format allows you to interact with MySQL, as well as other databases using the same functions. Similarly, other MySQL-specific functions are replaced with generic ones that know how to talk to many databases. For example, the MySQL-specific connect function is:mysql_connect($db_host, $db_username, $db_password);versus PEARs DB connect function:$connection = DB:connect("mysql:/$db_username:$db_password$db_host/$db_database");The same basic information is present in both commands, but the PEAR function also specifies the type of databases to which to connect. You can connect to MySQL or other supported databases. Well discuss both connection methods in detail.In this chapter, youll learn how to connect to a MySQL server fromPHP, how to use PHP to access and retrieve stored data, and how to correctly display information to the user.The ProcessThe basic steps of performing a query, whether using the mysql command-line tool or PHP, are the same: Connect to the database. Select the database to use. Build a SELECT statement. Perform the query. Display the results.Well walk through each of these steps for both plain PHP and PEAR functions.ResourcesWhen connecting to a MySQL database, you will use two new resources. The first is the link identifier that holds all of the information necessary to connect to the database for an active connection. The other resource is the results resource. It contains all information required to retrieve results from an active database querys result set. Youll be creating and assigning both resources in this chapter.Querying the Database with PHP FunctionsIn this section, we introduce how to connect to a MySQL database with PHP. Its quite simple, and well begin shortly with examples, but we should talk briefly about what actually happens. When you try connecting to a MySQL database, the MySQL server authenticates you based on your username and password. PHP handles connectingto the database for you, and it allows you to start performing queries and gathering data immediately.As in Chapter 8, well need the same pieces of information to connect to the database: The IP address of the database server The name of the database The username The passwordBefore moving on, make sure you can log into your database using the MySQL command-line client.Figure 9-1 shows how the steps of the database interaction relate to the two types of resources. Building the SELECT statement happens before the third function call, but it is not shown. Its done with plain PHP code, not a MySQL-specific PHP function. Figure 9-1. The interaction between functions and resources when using the databaseIncluding Database Login DetailsYoure going to create a file to hold the information for logging into MySQL. Storing this information in a file you include is recommended. If you change the database password, there is only one place that you need to change it, regardless of how manyPHP files you have that access the database.You dont have to worry about anyone directly viewing the file and getting your database login details. The file, if requested by itself, is processed as a PHP file and returns a blank page.  Troubleshooting connection errorsOne error you may get is:Fatal error: Call to undefined function mysql_connect( ) in C:Program FilesApacheSoftware FoundationApache2.2htdocsdb_test.php on line 4This error occurs because PHP 5.x for Windows was downloaded, and MySQL support was not included by default. To fix this error, copy the php_mysql.dll file from the ext/ directory of the PHP ZIP file to C:php, and then C:WINDOWSphp.ini. Make sure there are two lines that are not commented out by a semicolon (;) at the beginning of the line like these:extension_dir = "c:/PHP/ext/"extension=php_mysql.dll