The significance of architectural decoration.doc

The significance of architectural decoration First, the historical situation of architectural decoration Architectural decoration is a broad, universal cultural and artistic phenomenon. Every era of history, culture in construction has left a deep imprint, these imprinted in addition to the construction of buildings be preserved, the large amount of information concentrated in the construction of the decoration. Construction of the sculpture, decoration, color, wire legs, as well as components are arranged and combined the order, etc., have become us to judge and understand the architectural style, type, and cultural connotation of the vital information, peoples social awareness, beliefs and values through this kinds of form to be seen. However, the architectural decoration of the historical experience is with social change and fashion changes, experiencing a compliment, demoted, Yang, suppression of different fate. Since the 18th century, people have decorated its praise than criticism, like Luce, Raskin, who is a fierce opponent. In the early 20th century abstract painters there, has even more “decorative” as the most unpleasant words, it would be seen as a shabby career choice. This of course has its own particular social and historical background, the value of decorative Rococo era of declining in the functionalism and under the impact of industrial production, decoration and handicraft products has become an obstacle to mechanized large-scale production, therefore, being asked to change this realities, conforms to the trend of social progress. However, “evil decoration” should not be attributed to decorate themselves. We should distinguish between goals and means, decorative reasons for the failure should not be in the means to look for, but should be in the know to look for, decorative purposes only, driven by the selection and use of “tool.” Mid-19th century, in the Birmingham and Sheffield both the rise of vulgar style of decoration is entirely due to the objectives of the designer vulgar result. In modern buildings the historical process of nearly half a century, the traditional decoration used as “Polan Huo” in peoples consciousness removed, and replaced by a simple, pristine form. However, we are in those simple form of decoration is still seen to play a role in the tenacity. Second, building decoration into 1, in the production practice to form the decorative About the 7th century BC, the Greek construction is in a timber-framed buildings from the stone building to the transition period, when the Greek pottery has had a very high technical level, in the colonnade of the amount of Fang the section above - eaves department, using pottery veneer. In the process of pottery into a blank line to facilitate production of decorative feet, so foot line will be introduced into buildings, but also to the introduction of painted pottery in the building, so that the Ministry of follow-up full of brightly colored canopies decoration. Mold bulk prefabricated pottery, in order to adapt to this production art, we must have a unified standard size and style. This objective to promote the stereotype of the building components and standardization of Greek architecture in the formation and spread of column played a crucial role. In the Egyptian tomb architecture, columns there is also concave round wire legs, and almost the same on the Greek column, Miller explained: “This column is evolved from the original wood piles, and the columns may be engraved with grooves is a drawing of a curved blade axes machining Pine stakes experience. “ 2, formed by the functional evolution of the decorative components Certain forms of architecture or decoration, often resulting in its practical functions, and with it the logic of the construction of instruments and structures are closely related, but these features do not constitute a form of constraints, in other words, functional change or eliminate fade, does not affect the original form as a purely decorative language in the other building structures are preserved. For example: Alberti designed Malatesta church, they applied to the Arch of Constantine in the form and decoration, the original load-bearing in the Arc de Triomphe to play the role of four sub-columns, in the churchs stance became a retreat to the surface the wall of the Fu pilasters, columns of physical function of the original disappeared. Designed by Bramante in 1500-1504 years, St. Marys Roman peaceful cloisters of the church, the Roman Colosseum architectural theme of “suite” is even more obvious; Ionian column of the form and function have been reduced into a kinds of pure forms of symbols, to make this classic architectural forms become a real decoration. The same situation is also reflected in the design of Michelangelo Florence - Laurentzy anak library facade, the pillars and windows have become non-functional decorative language. 3, derived from the religious and cultural decoration By the totem worship and religious beliefs arising from the decoration, is the oldest and most far-reaching such an act one of the reasons, almost all prehistoric decorative arts can be traced back to the source. We Mesopotamian archaeological discovery to ascertain what the production of architectural decoration from the outset, penetration of the religious factor. Ancient Assyrians, Ur map in construction to the Achaemenid dynasty architectural history, religion, building development, whether in the form and scale far beyond the other types of building development, which could explain religious culture and social life at that time occupied a prominent position. A nation conquered by another nation, a civilization has been replaced in a civilization, it is indeed the will and strength needs groups, but be able to gather up this thing, in addition to the religious beliefs of that era in addition to bringing together to have anything else? Therefore, the construction in an appropriate form to reflect the spread of this faith and belief, provided the necessary material conditions, building decorations have become expressed this belief, the performance of standard Bing Jun Wang a powerful tool. Of religion and worship of gods of ancient Egypt has always been the type of construction produces a profound effect, and in the upper and lower Egypt, the traditional between the two. We are familiar with the pyramids, obelisks and temples of the column卡纳克阿蒙all have to determine the meaning of religion. 3, architectural decorative features In accordance with the usual understanding of the people, most of the construction of the decorative non-functional, its goal is to create aesthetic value. In the eyes of modernism, decoration is dispensable, even superfluous things. Therefore, they strongly oppose the use of decoration in the buildings. In fact, the decoration of the building is concerned, is never optional, and we never get rid of the impact of the construction decoration, it is ubiquitous, as long as we pursue the construction with the United States linked to the factors that will be decorated depicting a play. The so-called “pure form” is itself an abstract form of decoration. Moreover, this form of aesthetic value in todays term it is damning with faint praise. Decorative function of the existing structure, but also messaging functionality and aesthetic functions. Our history of any type of construction of the interpretation of the decorative elements can not be excluded, since decorative and architectural space, constructed together constitute a complete theme. Decorative and functional are always linked, in a sense that there was no no functional decoration, there was no no-frills features, walking the streets Blind, is a feature that is also a decoration, it has enriched the Pavement expression. Western classical architecture in the column, provides both a structure on the function, is also a standard decorative vocabulary. We are the expression of function can not be empty, abstract, and always through specific materials, structures and processing methods used by means of a visible form. Architectural features can be summarized as follows: (1) aesthetic function. Since the aesthetic consciousness of mankind, after being elected, people use decorative purpose of the first is to create aesthetic value. Be able to provide people with visual and spiritual sense of beauty and joy, this in itself becomes a kind of mental function; (2) The regulatory function. Decorated in the construction of the structure and form, could serve to adjust the ratio of co-ordination role of the part and the overall relationship. Whether classical or modern architecture, architecture, we give full play to the decoration of this function, the use of wire legs, decorative architectural components adjustment and division of the ratio between and, through these decorations, the conversion of materials and form play a role in the transition ; (3) to highlight and emphasis. Because of its decorative features, strong performance, making it possible to make construction of the theme or meaning of a certain culture prominence, forming the visual salient points, which often constitute the salient points of the building in the “eye-dotting” of the pen , to have a profound appeal; reposted elsewhere in the paper for free download (4) The function of symbols and signs. Decoration of buildings is often a major historical and cultural information bearing materials. One reason why the construction of stone and steel, cast as the history is that through the construction and decoration of those, people can read all the information of an era - the peoples beliefs, ethics, technology, and emotion. With the semiotic theory to explain the function of decoration is appropriate, because many of the decorative architecture can be understood as the information source, they contain a great deal of historical information exchanges between the people and the construction is obtained by reading the code right grasp the meaning of the construction. According to Cassirers interpretation of the information symbol is a human right outside the subjective dynamic response, which contains the inner meaning of events. Symbols reflect the decorative function of the most typical example is that a number of monumental buildings, although they are not in essence an independent decorative arts, but in the performance of form is decorative, and their functions are purely spiritual The. St. area, such as ancient Egyptian tomb in the Obelisk, the ancient Roman Trajan Jigong columns and the Arc de Triomphe, as well as in the modern urban environment in which people of certain historical events to commemorate the creation of monuments and so on. These works often become a city, a nation, a symbol of historical events, it makes those historical and cultural information to be presented and preserved, so that memory to become visible in the form of providing people with a one remembers history, ceremony venue. Fourth, a means of architectural decoration Decoration is a modeling tool, but this means they have a wealth of forms. It is in this sense we have set out “means” concept. Examine the history of decoration, we can not but involve the means to achieve these decorations. Their content and form, materials and production processes, and other areas rich in expressive art of architecture has played an important role. 1, in order to design, decoration decorative composition Type of decoration used in many classical buildings, especially in the temples, churches, cemeteries and monuments in the use of the more common, the majority of its subject with the religion. Church as a decorative nature is not an attempt to satisfy the aesthetic aspirations of their followers created, they are an icon of religious doctrine. Means of such decorative features can be summarized as follows: (1) with reliefs and paintings decorate the means to shape the theme; (2) In Greek and Roman architectural context in the performance of classical decorative objects are mostly figurative forms of ; (3) conformal shape, with a strong stylized, style, a tendency towards; (4) and the construction took place does not directly link the structure is a structure of external decoration. 2, using components, wire legs, doors, windows and other decorative shape Such decoration is often become a kind of building type or style of the core elements of the structure and architecture because of its direct contact occurs, therefore, is the architectural form of the basic components, the so-called construction of the “language”, “vocabulary” refers to precisely these content, such as a standard means of the system to do the five column, a standard approach in tackling the doors and windows and gable ends, as well as the standard for these components on the type of wire legs. And decorative elements of these standards can be a sign of a certain building types, no matter what age we are, what kind of environment, its a “copy”, which can be determined accurately convey the meaning of history. In modern buildings, often in order to simplify, abstract or exaggerated way of classical architectural language to be used, as a metaphor for their historical, or purely abstract way, using new materials and processes to enhance the performance of the construction force, many of the creative structure itself constitutes a beautiful decoration. 3, the use of contrast material to form decorative effect Architectural beauty of the source there are many different factors, including the use of contrast material to form the artistic effect is that people refuse to give up the hobby since ancient times. Rough masonry has gradually become fashionable in the Renaissance, and Michelangelo contemporary architects Sailio in his “Building the Four Books,” specifically on the rough masonry forms processing and nesting done serious research; are is due to rough masonry surface rough, thick and rustic, it makes it with traces of human labor, which happens to be that Ruskin considered the art of the most precious thing - the “human emotions into” and the “signs of life.” In modern buildings, whether indoors or outdoors, we can feel everywhere contrast material produced by artistic appeal. 5, the meaning of architectural decoration Overall, the architectural decoration is a product of culture, is a manifestation of the will of human art. Therefore, any decoration are bound into the designers will and emotion. A mature designer should be constructed is necessary, the form must be used where a decoration. Decorated as a cultural symbol, with a mean generation function, the use of a decoration may allow the viewer to read out the “alleged” would mea