[word下载]小学英语四种时态小结.doc
小学英语四种时态小结一、 一般现在时1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如:The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时的构成1. be动词:主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如:I am a boy.我是一个男孩。2.行为动词:主语+行为动词(+其它)。如:We study English.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时,要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如:Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。一般现在时的变化1. be动词的变化。否定句:主语+ be + not +其它。如:He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑问句:Be +主语+其它。如:Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:Where is my bike?2.行为动词的变化。否定句:主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。如:I don't like apples.当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesn't构成否定句。如:He doesn't often play.一般疑问句:Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。如:- Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I don't.当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does构成一般疑问句。如:- Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:How does your father go to work?动词+s的变化规则1一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks2以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾,加-es,如:wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:study-studies;二、现在进行时1现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2现在进行时的肯定句(否定句)基本结构为 主语+be+(not)+动词ing.3现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。Be+主语+动词ing+其他?4现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为:疑问词+ be + 主语 + 动词ing+其他? 即疑问词+一般疑问句? 动词加ing的变化规则1一般情况下,直接加ing,如:cook-cooking2以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing,如:make-making, taste-tasting3如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing,如:run-running, stop-stopping三、一般将来时1、概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语:tomorrow, next day(week, month, year).2、基本结构:be going to + do; will+ do. 3、否定句:在be动词(am, is, are)l后加not或情态动词will后加not成wont。例如:Im going to have a picnic this afternoon. Im not going to have a picnic this afternoon.4、一般疑问句: be或will提到句首,some改为any, and改为or,第一二人称互换。如:We are going to the zoo tomorrow. Are you going to the zoo tomorrow? 5、对划线部分提问。一般情况,一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。1. 问人。Who 例如:Im going to New York soon. Whos going to New York soon.2. 问干什么。What do.例如: My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.3. 问什么时候。When.如:Shes going to go to bed at nine. When is she going to bed?六、同义句:be going to = willI am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天). = I will go swimming tomorrow.四、一般过去时1一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如yesterday,last Monday (week,weekend,year)2Be动词在一般过去时中的变化:am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。(was not=wasnt)are在一般过去时中变为were。(were not=werent)带有was或were的句子,其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样,即否定句在was或were后加not,一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。3句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子 否定句:主语+didnt +动词原形+其它。如:Jim didnt go home yesterday. 一般疑问句:Did+主语+动词原形+其它?如:Did Jim go home yesterday? 特殊疑问句:疑问词+did+主语+动词原形?如:What did Jim do yesterday?疑问词当主语时:疑问词+动词过去式?如:Who went to home yesterday?动词过去式变化规则:1一般在动词末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked2结尾是e加d,如:taste-tasted3末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped4以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变y为i, 再加-ed,如:study-studied5不规则动词过去式:am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat,read-read