PETS三级教材标准教程文本.doc

PETS三级教材标准教程Unit01Charpter 1 PERSONAL AND PEOPLE Unit1 Personal and people Conversations part 1 Daisy is introducing Sally to Smith Daisy: Good morning, Smith. Could I take a few minutes of your time? Smith:Oh, it's you,Daisy.What can I do for you? Daisy: May I introduce my friend Sally to you,Smith? She's outstanding student in the college.She spesks good english and also she is good at operating computer. Sally: How do you do?Smith, Smith: Pleased to meet you,Sally.I heard a little about you from Daisy. Would you like work for two months in my company? Sally: Of course. I'd love to. I really want to get some real experience from my work here. Smith: Ok. Please come to work at 8o'clock tomorrow morning. Sally: See you tommorrow. Good bye.Part 3 A couple are talking about their neighbour Mr. WangMrs.: Darling, do you know anything about our new neighbour Mr. Wang ?Mr.: Nothing except he goes to work at 7:30 every morning.Mrs.: He's quite special.Mr. : Special? What's the special about him?Mrs: Well. For one thing,he's Wang Li's boy friend. Miss Li has told me that.Mr. : What's else?Mrs.: He's farmer to villege three yesrs ago.With only 20 ,but nowMr. :What's happened?Mrs.: He has setted a piece of company with about 2000 employees. It's reported that he has built a new school for his poor hometown. PETS三级教材标准教程Unit02Chapter2Home and familyConversationsPart1Wang Fang shows a photo of her family to Dianna.Dianna: How many members are there in your family?Wang: There are five. Look at the photo. The old couple sitting in the middle are my parents.Dianna: Oh, your parents! They smile so happily.Wang: You are right. My mother was an English teacher in a middle school, and my father was a doctor, now both of them are retired from work.Dianna: Your fluent English must be inherited from your mother, I think.Wang: Maybe. When I was little, she liked to teach me English.Dianna: A wise mother! Who is the man on the left?Wang: He is my elder brother.Dianna: He looks so handsome and energetic. What is he doing now?Wang: He workis in a big company in Shanghai as a manager.Dianna: Who is the girl on the right? Is that you?Wang: No, that is my younger sister. She is studying in Los Angeles.Dianna:So the girl next to her must be you.Wang: Yes, you are right.Dianna: You are still as lovely as you were.Wang: Thank you, by the way, I would like to see my parents this weekend. Would you lie to go with me? My mother is preparing my favorite dishes. Have a taste, ok?Dianna: Oh, I would love to. I will be glad to meet you your parents. It seems you really have a happy family.PETS三级教材标准教程Unit04CHAPTER 4 WEATHER AND CLIMATEUnit 4 Weather and ClimateConversationsTed and Lisa are drinking coffee.Look,it is sunny today,isn't it?Yeach,I like sitting in the sun, drinking coffee and listening to the light music.You really know how to lead a comfortable life and enjoy yourself.A piece of bad news for you: Iit's forecasted that it will be cloudy tomorrow.It's so changeable!Maybe the day after tomorrow,it will be snowy.You're such a smart boy.It is predicted to snow.Really?That's great!If so,we can buy a roll of film to take photos,and invite our friends Amy,Martin and Sally to play with snowballs.And we can also heap up a snowman standing on our playground!So it is not bad but good news.May your dream come true.Wang Lin is talking with Alice about the recent weather.How are you doing these days?Fine,and you?Me too.It's so hot and muggy today.Yes.The weather has been dry for days.It's reported that the temperature today rises to about 40C.Oh,I see.The heat makes my flowers fade,my little dog"Gege"is lying on the ground with its tongue strectching long.God damn!Could you remember the flood last month?Sure.It was raining cats and dogs.Luckily I was staying at home that day.A terrible flood.Some people lost their lives.Poor poeple!The flood is dangerous,and our government ha asked people to be mindful of heat,extreme heat may also cause death.Take it easy.The fall is coming and the heat will be finally over.I hope so.Yang Ming asks his teacher,Mr.Zhang,some questions about the climate.Good morning,Mr.Zhang.Good morning,any questions?Yes,could you tell me the difference of climate between Beijing and Kunming?Of course.Beijing is situated in the North and Kunming in the Southwest.Is the climate related to the latitude?Yes,Beijing is in the high latitudes while Kunming in the low latitudes.Does the latitude influence the temperature?Certainly,it's colder in Beijing than in Kunming as a whole.The weather in Beijing is very bad.How?Can you explain it in detail?It's cloudy and windy.Through the whole year,the wind blows very hard.The dirt spreading in the air can make people dirty.It can even get through the window and fall on your furniture.But the strong wind offers a good chance to fly kites.What about Kunming?It's warm and sunny.The weather si agreeable,comfortable and humid.The range of temperature is unnoticeable.In short,that means it's like spring all the year round.You're right.Thank you very much.Aaron is calling his girlfriend,Helen.Darling,what are you busy with now?I am missing you very much.Next week,I have a 3-day vacation.Let's make a trip.Great!Where do you like to go?The South or the North?The temperature in the North is below zero.The worst is that it has sonowed there for days.But I enjoy the cold weather.It must be refreshing after a hot and muggy summer we spent.It was terribly hot indeed.If we go southward,it's unnecessary to travel with more clothes,the weather is fairly agreeable!Cold as it is in the North,we can seize the opportunity to ski.Skiing is so exciting and challenging!Ok,this time,I'll follow you.Next time,let's go travelling in the South for surfing.passage Our Changing AtmosphereAccording to the National Academy of Sciences,the Earth's surface temperature has risenby about 1 degree Fahrenheit in the past century,with accelerated warming during the past two decades.There is new and stronger evidence that most of the warmingover the last 50 years is attributable to human activities.Human activities have altered the chemical composition of the atmospherethrough the buildup of greenhouse gases-primarily carbon dioxide,methane,and nitrous oxide.Energy from the sun drives the earth's weather and climate,and heats the earth's surface;in turn,the earth radiates energy back into space.Atmospheric greenhouse gases(water vapor,carbon dioxide,and other gases)trap some of the outgoing energy,retaining heat somewhat like the glass panels of a greenhouse.Without this natural"greenhouse effect",temperatures would be much lower than they are now,and life as known today would not be possible.Thanks to greenhouse gases,the earth's average temperature is a more hospitable 60F.However,problems may arisewhen the atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases increases.Scientists generally believethat the combustion of fossil fuels and other human activitiesare the primary reason for the increased concentration of carbon dioxide.What has changed in the last few hundred yearsis the additional release of carbon dioxide by human activities.Fossil fuels burned to run cars and trucks,heat homes and businesses,and power factories are responsible for about 98% of US carbon diozide emissions,24% fo methane emissions,and 18% of nitrous oxide emissions.Increased agriculture,deforestation,landfills,industrial production,and mining also contribute a significant share of emissions.In 1997,the United States emitted about one-fifth of total global greenhouse gases.The 20th century's 10 warmest yearsall occurred in the last 15 years of the century.Of these,1998 was the warmest year on record.The snow covers in the Northern Hemisphereand floating ice in the Arctic Ocean have decreased.Globally,sea level has risen 4-8 inches over the past century.Worldwide precipitation over land has increased by about one percent.The frequency of extreme rainfall eventshas increased throughout much of the United States.Increasing concentrations of greenhouse gasesare likely to accelerate the rate of climate change.Scientists expect that the average global sirface temperaturecould rise 1-4F(0.6-2.5C)in the next fifty years,and 2.2-10F(1.4-5.8C)in the nxt century,with significant refional variation.Evaporation will increase as the climate warms,which will increase average global precipitation.Soil moisture is likely to decline in many regions,and intense rainstorms are likely to become more frequent.Sea level is likely to ris two feet along most of the US coasts.Calculations of climate change for specific areas much less reliable than global ones,and it is unclear whether regional climate will become more variable.Words and Expressionsatmosphere Fahrenheit accelerated warmingn.大气,空气 n.华氏温度 adj.加速的 n.升温decade evidence attributable activityn.十年 n.证据,论据 adj.可归于.的 n.活动;行动alter chemical buildup greenhousev.改变 n.化学制品 n.组合,集合 n.温室gas carbon dioxide methane nitrous oxiden.气体 二氧化碳 n.甲烷,沼气 vt.一氧化二氮radiate atmospheric vapor trapvt.放射,辐射 adj.大气的,大气层的 n.水汽,水蒸气 vt.捕获,捕捉outgoing retain panel averageadj.外出的，离开的 vt.保持,保留 n.面板 adj.平均的hospitable arise concentration combustionadj.好客的,殷勤的 vi.出现,发生 n.集中，集合 n.燃烧fossil fuels primary additional release矿物燃料 adj.第一位,主要的 adj.另外的,附加的 n.释放truck responsible emission deforestationn.卡车,敞篷货车 adj.有责任 n.散发 n.采伐森林landfill minimg contribute emitn.垃圾掩埋法 n.采矿,矿业 v.贡献 vt.发出,发射global floating decrease precipitationadj.全球的 adj.漂浮的,浮动的 v.减少 n.降(雨)量frequency extreme rainfall increasingn.频率,发生次数 adj.极端的,极度的 n.降雨,降雨量 adj.日益增加的regional variation evaporation moistureadj.地方的,地域性的 n.变化 vi.蒸发(作用) n.潮湿,湿气decline intense rainstorm calculationvi.下降 adj.强烈的,特定的 adj.暴风雨 n.计算,考虑specific reliable unclear variableadj.特殊的,特定的 adj.可靠的,可信赖的 adj.不清楚的 adj.可变的,不定的ExercisesSection I Listening ComprehensionListen to the record.Answer each question by choosing A,B,C or D from the four possible choices.1.Oh,my God,I have difficulty in breathing,how do th Africans here stand such heat?Maybe they are used to it.2.It has been snowing heavily for one week.So you will know why the vegetables are so expensive.3.Mary has gone to the theatre in spite of my suggestion.Why not send her umbrella now?Look up ward,the dark clouds!4.It's a holiday now.Where would you like to go,the North or the South?I prefer the South to the North.It's more agreeable-sunny and warm.5.The temperature today is 20C.That means it is 2C higher than that of yesterday,1C lower than that of the da before yesterday.BDo you want to know something about the history of weather?Don't look at the sky.Dont's look for the old weather report.Looking ar tree rings is more important.Correct weather reports date back to only one century,but some trees cn provide an exact record of the weather even further back.It's natural that a tree would grow bestin a climate with plenty of sunlight and rainfall.It is also expected that little sunlightor rainfall would limit the growth of a tree.The changes from a favorable to an unfavorable climatecan be determined by reading the pattern of ring in a tree trunk.To find out the weather of ten years ago,count the rings of a tree trunk form the outside to the inside.If the tenth ring is far from the other rings,then it si certain that plenty of sunny and rainy weather occurred.If the rings are close together,then the climate was bad for the tree.Studying tree rings is not only important for the history of the weather,but also for the history of man.In a region of New Mexico you can find only sand-no trees and no people.However,many centuries ago a large population lived there.They left suddenly,why?A scientist studied patterns of dead tree rings which had grown there.He decided the people had to leave because they had cut down all the trees.Trees were necessary to make filrs and buildings.So,after the people destroyed the trees,they had to move.Supplementary Reading Extreme WeatherExtreme weather will become more common,experts forecast.NEW YORK It has been a summer of extremes.Rains have deluged Europe and Asia,swamping cities and villages and killing abot 2 000 people.while drought and heat have seared the American Western and Eastern cites.What is going on?The floods and droughts could simply be flickersin the inherently chaotic weather system,some experts say.But many warn that such extremeswill be increasingly common as the world grows warmer.Such a shift could pose big problems in places where water is alreadya strained resource,they say.A warmer world is more likely to be a wetter one,experts warn,with more evaporation resulting in more rains,in more heavy and destructive downpours.But in a troublesome twist,that world may also include more intense droughts,as the increased evaporation parches soils between occasional storms."In a hotter climate,your chances of being caught with either too muchor too little rains are higher,"said John Wallace,a professor of atmospheric sciences at the University fo Washington.And the globe is getting warmer.The last several decades of global temperature readingscurve up on graphs like the end of a hockey stick.Climate specialists concluded for the first time last yearthat humans were causing most of the warming trend by burning coal and oil,which release carbon dioxide and other heat-trapping greenhouse gases.The main way that warming is likely to manifest itself,scientists say,is through changes in the balance of water as liquid,vapor and ice."There si growing evidence now that shifts in the golbal water cycleare likely to cause potentially catastrophic effectsin several parta of the world,"said Rajendra Pachauri,an Indian engineer who si the new chairmanof the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.Still,a scientific debate persists.Some speciallists say the earth has built-in buffering mechanismsthat can limit extremes.But manyy other say that past records,current trends and computer models all point to big changes ahead.One new study this summer found evidence that Asian monsoon,as a part of falter in arid,subtropical areas intensified.Generally,agriculture is expected to falter in arid,subtropical areas like the eastern Mediterranean and southern Africa,while flourishing in northern climes,like the North American wheat belt,as more precipitation and longer growing seasons boost yields.But climate specialists say that even there rainis more likely to fall as field-scouring torrents.Long-term planne