(.10.陕理工)《英语词汇学》作业题(附答案).doc
陕西理工学院成教院英语词汇学自测题Self-Assessment Exx on English Lexicology一. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket. 1. Words fall into the basic word stock and nonbasic vocabulary by _. ( ) A. use frequency B. notion C. productivity D. origin 2. Words like bear, nut, knocked out can be categorized as _. ( ) A. terminology B. jargon C. slang D. neologisms 3. Identify the word that is of Scandinavian origin among the following. ( ) A. Skirt B. Dress C. Model D. Status 4. Which of the following statements is NOT true? ( ) A. Old English was a highly inflected language. B. Reviving archaic or obsolete words also contribute to the growth of English vocabulary C. The word cloak is of French origin. D. Modern English is a synthetic language. 5. The root of the word “antecedent” is _. ( ) A. ante- B. -ced- C. -dent D. -ent 6.Shortening a longer word by cutting a part off the original and using what remains is called _.( ) A. blending B. clipping C. acronymy D. back-formation 7. Associative meaning of words comprises the following except _. ( ) A. connotative meaning B. lexical meaning C. affective meaning D. collocative meaning 8. What is a common feature peculiar to all natural languages? ( ) A. Suffixation. B. Polysemy. C. Allomorph. D. Variation. 9. Which word that formerly meant animal, and later animal from Latin and beast from French found their way into English?( ) A. Deer. B. Cattle. C. Sheep. D. Bird. 10. When a word with multiple meanings is used in an inadequate context, this word may create _. ( ) A. semantic motivation B. degradation C. ambiguity D. extension 11. Without _, there is no way to determine the very sense of the word that the speaker intended to convey. ( )A. context B. semantic unity C. structural stability D. stylistic feature 12. Idioms manifest such rhetorical features as the following except_. ( ) A. phonetic manipulation B. lexical manipulation C. literary expressions D. figures of speech 13. According to its grammatical functions, idioms can be classified into five groups. The idiom “heart and soul” belongs to _. ( ) A. idioms nominal in nature B. idioms adjectival in nature C. idioms verbal in nature D. idioms adverbial in nature 14. The main body for a dictionary is _ of words. ( ) A. spellings B. pronunciations C. definitions D. grammar 15. Readers cant find pronunciation or meaning in _. ( ) A. Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English with Chinese Translation B. The Encyclopedia Americana C. Chambers Encyclopedic English Dictionary D. Collins COBUILD English Language Dictionary 二. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book. 16. Affixe attached to the end of word toindicate grammatical relationshipsare known as _ morphemes. 17. The chief function of _ is not to change the word class of the stem, but to change its meaning. 18. “Pavement” in British English and “sidewalk” in American English have the same _. 19. Red, scarlet, mauve, violet, lavender, pansy, black, purple, etc, make up the _field of colour.20. Some words can have two different types of antonyms at the same time, one being _ and the other opposite.三. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1 ) types of meanings;2) types of motivations; 3) types of dictionaries; 4) origins of English and 5) types of sense relations.A B 21. queer, odd A. onomatopoetically motivated ( )22. surplus value B. subordinate hyponymy ( )23. miaow C. specialized dictionary ( )24. CED D. Greek ( )25. hard disk, CPU etc. computer E. polysemy ( )26. technology F. semantically motivated ( )27. Longman Dictionary of Phrasal Verbs G relative synonym ( )28. The pen is mightier than the sword. H. conceptual meaning ( )29. gay-joyous, brilliant and homosexual I. bilingual dictionary ( )30. home/dwelling place J. German ( ) 四. Study the following words or expressions and identify 1) types of context; 2) types of word formation; 3) causes of meaning change; 4 ) types of bound morphemes underlined. 31. boob-head-one who returns too often to jail ( ) 32. ascendant ( ) 33. look out/look out ( ) 34. descend ( ) 35. telequiz ( ) 36. landlord (in English vs. in Chinese) ( ) 37. a coloured nail/a copper nail ( ) 38. tolerance ( ) 39. churl-bad people ( ) 40. stockholder ( ) 五. Define the following terms. 41. creation (as a mode of vocabulary development) 42. free morphemes 43. collocative meaning 44. concatenation 45. grammatical context 六. Answer the following questions . Your answers should be clear and short. (12%) 46. What is suffixation? Give an example to illustrate your point. 47. What is the remarkable feature of Longman Lexicon of Contemporary English ? 48. Supply two examples to illustrate that the influx of borrowings has caused some words to chan-ge in meaning. 七. Analyze and comment on the following. 49. Explain the meaning of the phrase “a laconic answer”, using the theory of motivation. 50. Study the following sentence: 1) pick out the idiom, 2) explain its origin, and 3) comment on the use. Davids head was in the tool-box, but his voice was heard saying, “Too many cooks, better let me.” (注:以上题面/题干最好打印稿,但以下答案请手写填入相应位置,并添加封皮。) 附:英语词汇学自测题参考答案一、 选择题 1.A 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.B 6.B 7.B 8.B 9.A 10.C 11.A 12.C 13.D 14.C 15.B 二、填空题16.inflectional 17.prefixes 18.sense 19.semantic 20.negative 三、 连线题21.G 22.J 23.A 24.I 25.B 26.D 27.C 28.F 29.E 30.H 四、判断题31. extra-linguistic factors- psychological reason 32. derivational affix/prefix 33. extra-linguistic context 34. derivational affix/prefix 35. blending 36. extra-linguistic context 37. lexical context of linguistic context 38. bound root 39. extra-linguistic factors- class reason 40. compounding 五、名词解释41Creation refers to the formation of new words by using the existing materials, namely roots, affixes and other elements. 42. Free morphemes have complete meanings in themselves and can be used as free grammatical units in sentences. They are identical with root words. 43. The word-meaning which is suggested by the words before or after the word in discussion. 44. A semantic process in which each of the later meanings is related only to the preceding one like chains. 45. The meaning of a word that is influenced by the structure in which it occurs. 六、问答题46. Suffixation is the formation of new words by adding suffixes to sterms. Suffixes generally change the word class. For example, “economy” is a verb, but “employer” becomes a noun when the suffix er is added to the stem “employ”.piled on the principle of semantic field;some 15,000 items classified into fourteen semantic fields of a practical everyday nature; subfields also included; semantically related words defining one another.48. pig/pork, sheep/mutton. In old English, animals and their meat shared the same name. with the Norman Conquest and borrowing of corresponding French words, the English words were kept only for live animals and the French words for the animals killed and brought to the table. 七、分析题49.Laconic is derived from Lacons , a tribe of people who were known for their “brevity of speech” and for their habit of never using more words than necessary. So laconic means “brief or short” , which is etymologically motivated. “A laconic answer” thus is “a short answer”. 50. “too many cooks”, from “Too many cooks spoil the broth”. The use of the short form indicate the informal situation. This sentence implies the speaker and listeners are working or colleagues.