《美丽中国》Wild China第四集 part 2.ppt

Wild China(Tasting Notes),Beyond the Great Wall Part 2,Warming Up,How much do you know about the Nadam Festival in Mongolia?,Background Information,the summer capital,Within these walls it is said that the leader of the Mongolians,the mighty Kubla Khan,welcomed Marco Polo to China.Mongolian warriors established the greatest empire in history,stretching to the borders of Europe.,Background Information,Nadam Festival,The annual Nadam Festival,held each July,is a chance for young Mongolians to show off their horsemanship.Its said that Mongolian people are born in the saddle.Even as children,they are consummate riders.Horsemanship was the core of the Mongolian success as warriores in the past,and is central to their lives as nomads today.,Background Information,Swan Lake,Its the worlds most important breeding site for whooper swans and arguably,mosquitos as well.The pastures at Swan Lake provide endless amount of lush grass for birds to nest in and for livestock to eat.,Background Information,Goitre Gazelles,In the semi-deserts lives a kind of animal,which is known as the goitre gazelles.When threatened by danger,they are as fast as a racehorse.But in this intense heat,they favor a gentler pace.There is little standing water here,but the gazelles have remarkable ability to extract moisture from dry grass.Although finding enough worth eating keeps them constantly on the move.,Background Information,Jiayuguan,Built in the Ming dynasty over 600 years ago，legend says that the construction of the fortress was so meticulously planned,that 100,000 bricks were specially made and only one brick was left unused.This fortress marks the end of the Great Wall of China.The greatest man-made barrier on Earth.,Background Information,Taklamakan,Its Chinas largest desert that stretch westward to the borders of Central Asia.Its name has been translated as“You go in,and you never come out.”This is a place of intense heat,abrasive wind-blown sand totally hostile to life.,Background Information,The ancient Silk Road linked Chinese culture with that of India,Greece,Rome and Persian from one century to the other,carried the great Chinese inventions of silk,gunpowder,papermaking and printing to the West and brought Buddhism,Nestorianism,and Islam and their related arts and cultures into China.From time immemorial,the Silk Road has been a route of friendly intercourse between the Chinese and foreign people.,Background Information,The camel is uniquely equipped for desert survival.Its nose humidifies the dry desert air as it breathe in,then dehumidifies it on the way out,conserving precious water.The camels thick fur keeps it warm at night while reflecting sunlight by day,and its body temperature can rise by 6 degrees Celsius before it even begins to sweat.With these adaptations,it can go for days without drinking.For the camel trains travel through the desert is about moving between one lifesaving oasis and the next.When they finally do reach a drinking hole,camels can drink up to 60 liters of water in ten minutes.,The Camel,Background Information,Aydingkol Lake,The lake bed is the second-lowest place on earth at 154 meters below sea level.Its the hottest place in China with air temperatures recorded as high as 50 degree Celsius and ground temperatures up to 80 degrees.,Background Information,karez,Over 2 millennia ago,local people in Turpan Oasis carved more than 3000km of these canals beneath the desert,diverting water from the distant mountains.Channeling the flow underground means that less water is lost to evaporation in the desert heat.,Background Information,Red-tailed gerbils,Red-tailed gerbils are hardy desert creatures,but those in Turpan have never had it so good.Once the grapes have been picked,some are sold in the market.But most are hung up to dry in the special drying houses.This place is far too tempting for any rodent to resist.Red-tailed gerbils are excellent climbers.But why bother when there is plenty of bounty lying around on the ground,unguarded?,Background Information,Kashgar,Kashgar is famous for selling everything under the sun.The local Sunday market is one of Asias largest and most exuberant gatherings.But looking around the market,its hard to believe you are actually in China.Kashgar is a melting pot of non-Chinese ethnic people,Uyghurs,Tajiks,Kyrgyz,Uzbeks and many others.,New words&Expressions,steppestep n.大草原，地理 干草原（特指西伯利亚一带没有树木的大草原）cornerstonek:nstn n.基础；柱石；地基supremacys(j)u:prems n.霸权；至高无上；主权；最高地位sparespe n.剩余；备用零件 vt.节约，吝惜；饶恕；分出，分让 adj.多余的；瘦的；少量的 vi.饶恕，宽恕；节约,New words&Expressions,consummateknsjmet;adj.至上的；完美的；圆满的 vt.完成；作成；使达到极点wadingwed adj.涉水的 v.涉水（wade的ing形式）；艰难地通过veneratevenret vt.崇敬，尊敬bisectbasekt vt.平分；二等分 vi.横贯；一分为二parchedp:tt adj.焦的；炎热的；炒过的；干透的 v.烘干；使极渴（parch的过去分词）skittishsktadj.轻佻的；活泼的,New words&Expressions,meticulouslymetikjulsliadv.细致地；一丝不苟地；拘泥地formidablef:mdb()l adj.强大的；可怕的；令人敬畏的；艰难的abrasivebresv adj.粗糙的；有研磨作用的；伤人感情的 n.研磨料caterpillarktpl adj.有履带装置的 n.无脊椎 毛虫；履带车mulberrymlb()r n.植蚕 桑树；植中医 桑椹；深紫红色,New words&Expressions,gluttonyglt()nn.暴食，暴饮暴食；贪食，贪吃glandglnd n.腺；密封压盖cocoonkku:n n.茧；卵囊 vt.把紧紧包住fabledfebld adj.寓言中的，虚构的 v.虚构（fable的过去分词）unravelnrvl vt.解开；阐明；解决；拆散 vi.解决；散开filamentflm()nt n.灯丝；细丝；细线；单纤维,New words&Expressions,tackletk()l n.滑车；装备；用具；扭倒 vi.扭倒；拦截抢球 vt.处理；抓住；固定；与交涉splaysplen.展开；斜面 adj.倾斜的；八字形的 vt.张开；展开bizarrebz:adj.奇异的（指态度，容貌，款式等）traversetrvs n.穿过；横贯；横木 vt.穿过；反对；详细研究；在来回移动 vi.横越；旋转；来回移动 adj.横贯的,New words&Expressions,oasisess n.绿洲；舒适的地方；令人宽慰的事物subterranean,sbtrenn adj.地下的；秘密的；隐蔽的 n.地下工作者divertdav:t vt.转移；使欢娱；使转向 vi.转移bountybant n.慷慨；丰富；奖励金；赠款 vt.发给奖金等；为而发给赏金 vi.以赏金等形式发放,New words&Expressions,rodentrd()nt adj.啮齿类的；咬的，嚼的；侵蚀性的 n.脊椎 啮齿动物vibrantvabrnt adj.振动的；充满生气的；响亮的；战栗的lucrativelu:krtv adj.有利可图的，赚钱的；合算的exuberantgz(j)u:b()r()nt adj.繁茂的；生气勃勃的，充溢的,Key Points,1.The Great Wall stretches off into the distance,defining the southern limits of the vast Mongolian steppe.长城一直延伸到远方，被看作是内蒙古大草原的南界。stretch off：伸展；延伸。比如：Below the torso is a serpentine armorsed tail that seems to stretch off into infinity.在突岩般的身体后是一个披着鳞甲的蛇状尾巴，它看起来好似无限般的伸展着。现在分词短语defining the southern limits of.作定语，相当于which defines the southern limits of.,Key Points,2.Now these ruins in a field the short distance from Beijing are all that remains of the great city of Xanadu,once the summer capital of China.现在这些距离北京不远的废墟都曾是中国上都大城市上都的遗迹。in a field作地点状语，the short distance from Beijing也作定语修饰ruins，once the summer capital of China作Xanadu的补足语，对其做进一步的补充说明。3.The Mongolians protect the swans,and venerate them,calling them Birds of God.因为蒙古人保护天鹅崇敬他们称其为神 之使者。,Key Points,and引导并列的两个谓语，calling them Birds of God作Mongolians的定语，相当于who call them Birds of God.4.The name Bayanbulak means“rich headwaters”and theyve come here to set up temporary homes to graze their livestock on the lush summer pastures.在巴音布鲁克草原游牧家族开始集合，巴音布鲁克的意为“富有的源头”。他们来到这里搭建临时住所，为了在丰茂的夏季牧场放牧牲口，为了给牲口寻找新鲜的牧草，他们四处游牧。set up：建立；创建。比如：The two sides agreed to set up a commission to investigate claims.双方同意成立一个委员会，调查索赔问题。,Key Points,5.Its the worlds most important breeding site for whooper swans and arguably,mosquitos as well.这是世界上最重要的大天鹅繁殖地，当然也毋庸置疑的成为了蚊子的繁殖地。swans：【鸟类】大天鹅（Cygnus，欧洲产）也他们喜欢唱歌的表姐妹小天鹅和号手天鹅同属一个体态优雅的鸟类大家庭、黑天鹅和黑劲天鹅也是这个家庭的成员。as well：也；同样地。比如：He speaks French,and Spanish as well.他说法语，也会说西班牙语。6.When threatened by danger,they are as fast as a racehorse.当受到威胁时，它们会像狂奔的马一样快。as+形容词原级+as：表示和一样，比 如：as bold as brass厚颜无耻。,Key Points,When threatened by danger此句中省略了主语they，避免重复啰嗦。7.Built in the Ming dynasty over 600 years ago，legend says that the construction of the fortress was so meticulously planned,that 100,000 bricks were specially made and only one brick was left unused.600年前建于明朝，传说中这座城堡的建造是具有非常严密的计划的，以至于专门制作的十万块砖中只有一块被弃置不用。so.that：如此以至于，注意与so that做区分。比如：I am so sorry that I forgot to switch off the radio before leaving the house.太不好意思了,我出门前忘了关掉收音机了。He wrote down my address,so that he might remember it.他写下我的地址，以便能够 记住它。,Key Points,8.People were lured into the horrors of the deserts,because the Chinese had a secret so powerful that it changed the course of history.人们为沙漠的恐惧所诱惑是因为中国有一个如此强大的以至于可以改变历史历程的秘密。lure into：诱骗。比如：lure us into studing引诱我们对其大量更长的时间；lure sb into a trap引诱某人上圈套。so.that如此以至于，注意与so that做区分。比如：I am so sorry that I forgot to switch off the radio before leaving the house.太不好意思了,我出门前忘了关掉收音机了。,Key Points,9.It was the legendary strength and brightness of silk fibers that made it so sought after.丝质纤维因其超凡韧性和艳丽色泽而广受欢迎。本句主要是It is/was.that的强调句。sought after：追求；探索。比如：Money should never be sought after directly;you should find what you love to,and make money doing it.我们不应该只是为了追求金钱。你应该先找出你喜欢做什么，然后通过做那件事来挣钱。10.Harvested cocoons are droped into boiling water which unravels the long filaments.将收获的茧倒入沸水中，使细长的丝茧散释开来。which引导定语从句，修饰boiling water。unravel：解开；阐明。比如：The child unraveled grandmas knitting.这个孩子弄散了奶奶的编织物。,Key Points,11.This is exactly what happened at the Aydingkol Lake.这正是在艾丁湖所发生的。Aydingkol Lake：艾丁湖，中国最低的湖泊月色美人艾丁湖，维吾尔语意为“月光湖”。在吐鲁番盆地南部，为一盐湖。湖面海拔-154米，是全国最低的洼地，也是世界上主要洼地之一。由于湖水不断蒸发，大部分湖面已变为深厚的盐层。比如：A 3b-ton coal mine was found at Lake Aydingkol in Xinjiang after months of exploration,the Xinjiang Geological Mine Bureau said.据新疆煤田地质局近日透露，经数月勘探，在我国陆地最低点新疆艾丁湖区发现储量30亿吨的大型煤田。,Key Points,12.Rather than suffering the extreme environment in which they live,the wild life and people of Turban have found innovative ways to cope with conditions beyond the Wall.吐鲁番的野生生物和人不是在单方面承受着自然的严苛和暴虐，而是以新方式面对北地恶劣的自然环境。rather than：而不是；宁可也不愿。要注意和sooner than,rather than,better than,other than进行辨析。sooner than 比.更早；rather than 而不是；better than 好过，胜于；other than 不同于，除了。比如：Because love consists of accepting other person as he or she is rather than regulating her or him.因为爱是由接受那个人就像,他或者她原来的样子而不是控制她或者他。,Exercises,Answering the following questions according tothe passage.,(1)Can you say something about the relationship between men and horses in Mongolia?(2)Whats the life of birds of Swan Lake like?(3)How do goitre gazelles survive in such intense heat?(4)Why were people indulged into the horrors of the deserts?,The cornerstone of the Mongolian supremacy was Mongolians relationship with horses,which brought them such success in war.Therefore horse racing is regarded as the heart of the Mongolian culture.The annual Nadam Festival is a chance for young Mongolians to show off their horsemanship.,For the Mongolians protecting and venerating,the birds of Swan Lake have little cause to worry.Thus they can live a carefree life.,The gazelles have remarkable ability to extract moisture from dry grass.In order to find enough worth eating,they must keep themselves constantly on the move.,Because the Chinese had a secret so powerful that it changed the course of history.It is the strength and brightness of silk fibers that made the ancient traders travel through the deserts to sold them in Central Asia.,(5)Why are camels the only beasts to help getting the valuable silk from the fortress at Jiayuguan through the deserts to markets of Central Asia and beyond?(6)Where is the hottest place in China?(7)How on earth can a water-hungry crop grow in such abundance in Turpan Oasis?(8)Whats the reason that the Silk Road fortunes take a turn for the worse?,Camels feet are wide and splay outwards to stop them sinking in loose sand.Its nose humidifies the dry desert air as it breathe in,then dehumidifies it on the way out,conserving precious water.The camels thick fur keeps it warm at night while reflecting sunlight by day,and its body temperature can rise by 6 degrees Celsius before it even begins to sweat.With these adaptations,it can go for days without drinking.,Aydingkol Lake.The lake bed is the second-lowest place on earth at 154 meters below sea level.Its the hottest place in China with air temperatures recorded as high as 50 degree Celsius and ground temperatures up to 80 degrees.,The secret lies below ground.A subterranean network of canals known as karez is used to channel water around Turpans streets and into the courtyards.,A princess smuggled silkworm eggs out of china.The secret of silk was a secret no more.And Chinas stranglehold on this lucrative trade was over.,Fill in the blanks with the words and expressions you have heard from the video clip.,The cornerstone of the Mongolian 1._ was their relationship with horses.This is what brought them such success in war.The Mongolian riders travelled at night,and rode with 2._ horses so they could move huge distances,strike and then 3._ quicker than their opponents.At the heart of the Mongolian culture is horse racing.The annual Nadam Festival,held each July,is a chance for young Mongolians to 4._ their horsemanship.Its said that Mongolian people are born in the saddle.Even as children,they are 5._ riders.Horsemanship was the 6._ of the Mongolian success as warriores in the past,and is central to their lives as nomads today.,supremacy,spare,retreat,show off,consummate,core,In an area of 7._ know as Bayanbulak families of nomadic Mongolians are gathering.The name Bayanbulak means“rich headwaters”and theyve come here to set up temporary homes to graze their 8._ on the lush summer 9._.The search for fresh fodder for their animals keeps them on the go and being able to move home so easily is a real advantage.It takes only a few minutes for the Mongolian family to 10._ their yurts.,grassland,livestock,pastures,set up,Reading comprehension.Choose the best word or expression with its proper form from the the list given to each blank.,mighty,gentle,remains,loneliness,breathe out,on the move,fast,erosive,march,wastelands,parch,extract,desolate,bisect,wet,The Great Walls journey through northern China continues westward 1._ a landscape that becomes increasingly 2._.Our journey has brought us halfway across northern China and the grasslands are becoming hot,dry and 3._.Wandering these wastes are creatures that look more African than Asian.These are goitre gazelles,skittish and easily startled.,bisecting,parched,desolate,When threatened by danger,they are as fast as a racehorse.But in this intense heat,they favor a 4._ pace.There is little standing water here,but the gazelles have remarkable ability to 5._ moisture from dry grass.Although finding enough worth eating keeps them constantly 6._.Even out here in the semi-deserts,the Wall continues its long 7._.Here,its made of little more than compacted earth.But with hardly any rain falling,its suffered very little 8._ over the centuries.Hundreds of thousands of people lost their lives building it.Yet it seems hard to believe that anyone felt that these distant 9._ needed protecting.But the Wall still has one final surprise.This is Jiayuguan,the 10._ fortress in the desert.,gentler,extract,on the move,march,erosion,wastelands,mighty,Translation.Put the following passage into English.,在沙漠尽头的山峦脚下，中国与中亚五国毗邻之地，这里就是中西交汇的喀什，丝绸之路止于这个至今仍然进行丝绸贸易的地方。喀什以露天集市闻名，当地的周末集市是亚洲地区最大最丰富的市集之一。但是环顾四周，你会怀疑自己是否真的置身中国。,Where the desert ends beneath vast mountain ranges,Chinas westernmost point is only a stones throw from the borders of five central Asian countries.This is Kashgar,where east meets west.