组合机床毕业设计外文翻译.doc

The Aggregate Machine-tool The Aggregate Machine-tool is based on the workpiece needs, based on a large number of common components, combined with a semi-automatic or automatic machine with a small number of dedicated special components and process according to the workpiece shape and design of special parts and fixtures, composed. Combination machine is generally a combination of the base, slide, fixture, power boxes, multi-axle, tools, etc. From. Combination machine has the following advantages: (1) is mainly used for prism parts and other miscellaneous pieces of perforated surface processing. (2) high productivity. Because the process of concentration, can be multi-faceted, multi-site, multi-axis, multi-tool simultaneous machining. (3) precision and stability. Because the process is fixed, the choice of a mature generic parts, precision fixtures and automatic working cycle to ensure consistent processing accuracy. (4) the development cycle is short, easy to design, manufacture and maintenance, and low cost. Because GM, serialization, high degree of standardization, common parts can be pre-manufactured or mass organizations outsourcing. (5) a high degree of automation, low labor intensity. (6) flexible configuration. Because the structure is a cross-piece, combination. In accordance with the workpiece or process requirements, with plenty of common parts and a few special components consisting of various types of flexible combination of machine tools and automatic lines; tools to facilitate modification: the product or process changes, the general also common components can be reused. Combination of box-type drilling generally used for processing or special shape parts. During machining, the workpiece is generally not rotate, the rotational motion of the tool relative to the workpiece and tool feed movement to achieve drilling, reaming, countersinking, reaming, boring and other processing. Some combination of turning head clamp the workpiece using the machine to make the rotation, the tool for the feed motion, but also on some of the rotating parts (such as the flywheel, the automobile axle shaft, etc.) of cylindrical and face processing. Generally use a combination of multi-axis machine tools, multi-tool, multi-process, multi-faceted or multi-station machining methods simultaneously, productivity increased many times more than generic tools. Since the common components have been standardized and serialized, so can be flexibly configured according to need, you can shorten the design and manufacturing cycle. Multi-axle combination is the core components of general machine tools. It is the choice of generic parts, is designed according to special requirements, in combination machine design process, is one component of a larger workload. It is based on the number and location of the machining process diagram and schematic design combination machine workpiece determined by the hole, cutting the amount of power transmission components and the design of each spindle spindle type movement. Multi-axle power from a common power box, together with the power box installed on the feed slide, to be completed by drilling, reaming and other machining processes. The parts to be processed according to the size of multi-axle box combination machine tool design, based on an original drawing multi-axle diagram, determine the range of design data, the above design, implementation, completion of a two-sided 24-hole machining, achieve better the design requirements. In order to adapt to the development of CNC machine tools in combination , appeared composed of CNC machine tools CNC machining modules. Modular is the result of a combination of machine tool numerical control machine tool combination brings, but also the basis of a combination of CNC machine tools , CNC machining enriched the universal modular combination of components of the machine, it will cause a fundamental piece for machine tool type changes . Over the past decade , the combination of machine tools and automatic line has made great strides in efficiency, productivity , flexibility and the use of concurrent engineering to develop a more rational, more savings programs. With the development of digital technology, electronic technology , the combination of machine mechanical structure and control system has undergone great changes. With a combination of the following development tools : 1 NC . Combination of CNC machine tools emerge , not only changed in the past by the relay circuit consisting of a combination of machine tool control systems , but also make head or even a combination of the mechanical structure of the machine components of general criteria huge change occurred . 2 modular . NC modular greatly enriched the common combination of components of the machine, it will cause a fundamental change occurred for machine tool parts , according to the principles of modular design , based on the functional analysis division of the combination of multi- axle box for each machine level modules. 3 speed. As the high-speed processing can reduce the surface roughness and cutting force components , reducing the cutting temperature , improve productivity, so the speed of the machine is just beginning research , especially the main movement of CNC machine tools and feed velocity has reached a very high speed . Conform to the trend of high-speed machine tools , machine tool 's speed will be higher. 4 , precision . Because the CNC machine to achieve , so more and more high machining accuracy . 5, full protection technology . Now the machine is fully enclosed features a large , almost all mechanical housings are fully closed . Fully enclosed protection, not only to make the machine more attractive appearance and its production line , but also improves the safety, reliability and ease of maintenance . Combination machine with both the advantages of low cost and high efficiency in large volume production has been widely used, and can consist of automated production lines. .待添加的隐藏文字内容1组合机床组合机床是根据工件加工需要，以大量通用部件为基础，配之以少量的专用部件和按工件形状和加工工艺设计的专用部件和夹具，组成的半自动或自动的专用机床。组合机床一般由底座、滑台、夹具、动力箱、多轴箱、刀具等等组合而成。组合机床具有如下的优点：(1)主要用于棱体零件和杂件等的孔面加工。(2)生产率高。因为工序集中，可以多面、多工位、多轴、多刀同时进行加工。(3)加工精度稳定。因为工序固定，可选用成熟的通用部件、精密夹具和自动工作循环来确保加工精度的一致。(4)研制周期短，便于设计、制造和使用维护，成本较低。因为通用化、系列化、标准化程度高，通用件可组织批量生产进行预先制造或外购。(5)自动化程度高，劳动强度较低。(6)配置灵活。因结构是横块化、组合化。可按照工件或工序要求，用大量通用部件和少量专用部件灵活组成各种类型的组合机床和自动线；机床便于改装：产品或工艺发生变化时，通用部件一般还可以重复使用。组合钻床一般用于加工箱体类或特殊形状等零件。加工时，工件一般不旋转，由刀具的旋转运动和刀具与工件的相对进给运动，来实现钻孔、扩孔、锪孔、铰孔、镗孔等加工。有的组合机床采用车削头夹持工件使之旋转，由刀具作进给运动，也可对某些回转体类零件(如飞轮、汽车后桥半轴等)的外圆和端面加工。组合机床一般采用多轴、多刀、多工序、多面或多工位同时加工的方式，生产效率比通用机床提高很多倍。由于通用部件已标准化和系列化，所以可根据需要灵活配置，就能缩短设计和制造周期。多轴箱是组合机床的核心通用部件。它是选用通用零件，是按专用要求进行设计的，在对组合机床设计的过程中，是工作量较大的部件之一。它根据组合机床设计的工序图和加工示意图所确定的工件加工孔的数量和位置，切削用量和主轴类型设计的传递各主轴运动的动力部件。多轴箱动力来自通用的动力箱，与动力箱一起安装于进给滑台，可完成钻孔，绞孔等加工工序。根据需加工的零件尺寸进行组合机床通用多轴箱的设计，绘制多轴箱原始依据图，确定一系列的设计数据，通过以上设计，实现了双面24孔的一次加工完成，较好地达到了设计要求。为了适应数控组合机床的发展，就出现了组成数控机床的数控加工模块。组合机床模块化是组合机床数控化所带来的结果，也是组合机床数控化的基础，数控加工模块化丰富了组合机床的通用部件，它一定会引起组合机床通用件发生根本型变化。近十年来，组合机床及其自动线在高效、高生产率， 柔性化以及采用并行工程制订更合理、更节省的方案方面取得了很大的进展。近年来随着数控技术、电子技术等的发展，组合机床的机械结构和控制系统也发生了很大的变化。组合机床有了以下的发展：1. 数控化。数控组合机床的出现，不仅改变了过去由继电器电路组成的组合机床的控制系统，而目也使组合机床机械结构甚至通用部件标准发生了巨大的变化。2. 模块化。数控加工模块化极大地丰富了组合机床的通用部件，它一定会引起组合机床通用件发生根本性的变化，根据模块化设计的原理,在功能分析的基础上划分了组合机床多轴箱的各级模块。3. 高速化。由于高速加工可降低零件表面粗糙度及切削力，减小切削温度，提高生产率，所以机床的高速化研究才刚刚开始，特别是数控机床的主运动和进给运动速度已达到了非常高的速度。顺应机床高速化的潮流，组合机床的速度也会越来越高。4、精密化。因为机床实现了数控化，所以机床的加工精度越来越高。5、全防护化。全封闭式是现在机床的一个大的特点，几乎所有的机械均采用全封闭的外罩。全封闭防护，不但使机床及其生产线外形更加美观，而且也提高了安全性、可靠性和维修的便利性。组合机床同时兼有低成本和高效率的优点,在大批大量生产中得到了广泛的应用,并可以组成自动生产线。