GMAT资料GWDTN5.doc

GWD-TN-5: Verbal-GWD7-Q1:Although producer prices rose at an unexpectedly steep rate in September, analysts said that the increase resulted mostly from temporary factors and not necessarily foreshadowing that there would be a resurgence of inflation.A. factors and not necessarily foreshadowing that there would beB. factors and not necessarily that it foreshadowedC. factors and did not necessarily foreshadowD. factors, while not necessarily a foreshadowing ofE. factors, while it did not necessarily foreshadow that there would be-GWD7-Q2:The first commercially successful drama to depict Black family life sympathetically and the first play by a Black woman to be produced on Broadway, it was Lorraine Hansberrys A Raisin in the Sun that won the New York Drama Critics Circle Award in 1959, and was later made into both a film and a musical.A. it was Lorraine Hansberrys A Raisin in the Sun that won the New York Drama Critics Circle Award in 1959, and was later madeB. in 1959 A Raisin in the Sun, by Lorraine Hansberry, won the New York Drama Critics Circle Award and was later madeC. Lorraine Hansberry won the New York Drama Critics Circle Award for A Raisin in the Sun in 1959, and it was later madeD. Lorraine Hansberrys A Raisin in the Sun won the New York Drama Critics Circle Award in 1959 and was later madeE. A Raisin in the Sun, by Lorraine Hansberry, won the New York Drama Critics Circle Award in 1959, and later made it-GWD7-Q3:The state has proposed new rules that would set minimum staffing levels for nurses, rules intended to ensure that at least one nurse is assigned for every four patients put through triage in a hospital emergency room.A. rules intended to ensure that at least one nurse is assigned for every four patients put through triage in a hospital emergency roomB. rules with the intent of ensuring one nurse at least to be assigned for every four patients to be put through triage in a hospital emergency roomC. rules intending to ensure at least one nurse is assigned for every four patients in a hospital emergency room put through triageD. with the intent of ensuring that at least one nurse should be assigned for every four patients in a hospital emergency room that are put through triageE. and this is intended to ensure one nurse at least to be assigned for every four patients put through triage in a hospital emergency room-GWD7-Q4:Only seven people this century have been killed by the great white shark, the man-eater of the moviesless than those killed by bee stings.A. moviesless than thoseB. moviesfewer than have beenC. movies, which is less than thoseD. movies, a number lower than the peopleE. movies, fewer than the ones-GWD7-Q5:Exposure to certain chemicals commonly used in elementary schools as cleaners or pesticides causes allergic reactions in some children. Elementary school nurses in Renston report that the proportion of schoolchildren sent to them for treatment of allergic reactions to those chemicals has increased significantly over the past ten years. Therefore, either Renstons schoolchildren have been exposed to greater quantities of the chemicals, or they are more sensitive to them than schoolchildren were ten years ago.Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?A. The number of school nurses employed by Renstons elementary schools has not decreased over the past ten years.B. Children who are allergic to the chemicals are no more likely than other children to have allergies to other substances.C. Children who have allergic reactions to the chemicals are not more likely to be sent to a school nurse now than they were ten years ago.D. The chemicals are not commonly used as cleaners or pesticides in houses and apartment buildings in Renston.E. Children attending elementary school do not make up a larger proportion of Renstons population now than they did ten years ago.-GWD7-Q6 to Q9: For many years, theoretical economists characterized humans as rational beings relentlessly bent on maximizing purely selfish reward. Results of an experimental economics study appear to contradict this view, however. In the “Ultimatum Game,” two subjects, who cannot exchange information, are placed in separate rooms. One is randomly chosen to propose how a sum of money, known to both, should be shared between them; only one offer, which must be accepted or rejected without negotiation, is allowed. If, in fact, people are selfish and rational, then the proposer should offer the smallest possible share, while the responder should accept any offer, (20) no matter how small: after all, even one dollar is better than nothing. In numerous trials, however, two-thirds of the offers made were between 40 and 50 percent; only 4 percent were less than 20 percent. Among responders, more than half who were offered less than 20 percent rejected the offer. Behavior in the game did not appreciably depend on the players sex, age, or education. Nor did the amount of money involved play a significant role: for instance, in trials of the game that were conducted in Indonesia, the sum to be shared was as much as three times the subjects average monthly income, and still responders refused offers that they deemed too small.-Q6:The primary purpose of the passage is toA. provide evidence in support of the view that human beings are essentially rational and selfishB. use a particular study to challenge the argument that the economic behavior of human beings may be motivated by factors other than selfishnessC. compare certain views about human nature held by theoretical economists with those held by experimental economistsD. describe a study that apparently challenges theoretical economists understanding of human economic behaviorE. suggest that researchers may have failed to take into account the impact of certain noneconomic factors in designing a study of human economic behavior-Q7:The passage implies that the results of the Ultimatum Game undermine theoretical economists characterization of human beings byA. demonstrating that most people are inclined to try to maximize their own advantage whenever possibleB. indicating that people who do not have the option of negotiating might behave more generously than do those who have the option of negotiatingC. illustrating how peoples economic behavior depends to some extent on how large a sum of money is involvedD. showing that most people instinctively place their own economic self-interest ahead of the interest of strangersE. suggesting that peoples economic behavior might in part be motivated by factors other than selfishness-Q8:The author refers to the sum of one dollar (line 21) in order toA. question the notion that the amount of money involved significantly affected players behaviorB. provide an example of one of the rare offers made by proposers that was less than 20 percentC. illustrate the rationality of accepting even a very small offerD. suggest a reason that responders rejected offers that were less than 20 percentE. challenge the conclusion that a selfish and rational proposer should offer a responder the smallest possible share-Q9:All of the following are expressly mentioned in the passage as factors that did not significantly affect players behavior EXCEPT theA. players level of schoolingB. amount of money to be sharedC. ages of the playersD. players professionsE. genders of the players-GWD7-Q10 to Q12: Linda Kerber argued in the mid-1980s that after the American Revolution (1775-1783), an ideology of “republican motherhood” resulted in a surge of educational opportunities for women in the United States. Kerber maintained that the leaders of the new nation wanted women to be educated in order to raise politically virtuous sons. A virtuous citizenry was considered essential to the success of the countrys republican form of government; virtue was to be instilled not only by churches and schools, but by families, where the mothers role was crucial. Thus, according to Kerber, motherhood became pivotal to the fate of the republic, providing justification for an unprecedented attention to female education. Introduction of the republican motherhood thesis dramatically changed historiography. Prior to Kerbers work, educational historians barely mentioned women and girls; Thomas Woodys 1929 work is the notable exception. Examining newspaper advertisements for academies, Woody found that educational opportunities increased for both girls and boys around 1750. Pointing to “An Essay on Woman” (1753) as reflecting a shift in view, Woody also claimed that practical education for females had many advocates before the Revolution. Woodys evidence challenges the notion that the Revolution changed attitudes regarding female education, although it may have accelerated earlier trends. Historians reliance on Kerbers “republican motherhood” thesis may have obscured the presence of these trends, making it difficult to determine to what extent the Revolution really changed womens lives.-Q10:According to the passage, within the field of educational history, Thomas Woodys 1929 work wasA. innovative because it relied on newspaper advertisements as evidenceB. exceptional in that it concentrated on the period before the American RevolutionC. unusual in that it focused on educational attitudes rather than on educational practicesD. controversial in its claims regarding educational opportunities for boysE. atypical in that it examined the education of girls-Q11:According to the passage, Kerber argued that political leaders thought that the form of government adopted by the United States after the American Revolution depended on which of the following for its success?A. Women assuming the sole responsibility for instilling political virtue in childrenB. Girls becoming the primary focus of a reformed educational system that emphasized political virtueC. The family serving as one of the primary means by which children were imbued with political virtueD. The family assuming many of the functions previously performed by schools and churchesE. Men an women assuming equal responsibility for the management of schools, churches, and the family-Q12:The passage suggests that, with regard to the history of womens education in the United States, Kerbers work differs from Woodys primarily concerning which of the following?A. The extent to which women were interested in pursuing educational opportunities in the eighteenth centuryB. The extent of the support for educational opportunities for girls prior to the American RevolutionC. The extent of public resistance to educational opportunities for women after the American RevolutionD. Whether attitudes toward womens educational opportunities changed during the eighteenth centuryE. Whether women needed to be educated in order to contribute to the success of a republican form of government-GWD7-Q13:Like the grassy fields and old pastures that the upland sandpiper needs for feeding and nesting when it returns in May after wintering in the Argentine Pampas, the sandpipers vanishing in the northeastern United States is a result of residential and industrial development and of changes in farming practices.A. the sandpipers vanishing in the northeastern United States is a result of residential and industrial development and of changes inB. the bird itself is vanishing in the northeastern United States as a result of residential and industrial development and of changes inC. that the birds themselves are vanishing in the northeastern United States is due to residential and industrial development and changes toD. in the northeastern United States, sandpipers vanishing is due to residential and industrial development and to changes inE. in the northeastern United States, the sandpipers vanishing, a result of residential and industrial development and changing-GWD7-Q14:Certain politicians in the country of Birangi argue that a 50 percent tax on new automobiles would halt the rapid increase of automobiles on Birangis roads and thereby slow the deterioration of Birangis air quality. Although most experts agree that such a tax would result in fewer Birangians buying new vehicles and gradually reduce the number of automobiles on Birangis roads, they contend that it would have little impact on Birangis air-quality problem.Which of the following, if true in Birangi, would most strongly support the experts contention about the effect of the proposed automobile tax on Birangis air-quality problem?A. Automobile emissions are the largest single source of air pollution.B. Some of the proceeds from the new tax would go toward expanding the nonpolluting commuter rail system.C. Currently, the sales tax on new automobiles is considerably lower than 50 percent.D. Automobiles become less fuel efficient and therefore contribute more to air pollution as they age.E. The scrapping of automobiles causes insignificant amounts of air pollution.-GWD7-Q15:The city has proposed a number of water treatment and conservation projects the cost of which raises water bills high enough so that even environmentalist