[英语学习]The Rockinghorse Winner.ppt

The Rocking-Horse Winner,-D.H Lawence,外国语学院102班10131213 颜筱婷10131214 吴 莹10131215 朱保玉,D.H Lawrence(1885-1930),English novelist,story writer,critic,poet and painter,one of the greatest figures in 20th-century English literature.,?,D.H Lawrence(1885-1930),Born in the mining town of Eastwood,Nottinghamshire,in central England His father was a coal miner with little education;but his mother,once a school teacher,was from a somewhat higher class,who came to think that she had married beneath her and desired to raise the cultural level of her sons so as to help them escape from the life of coal miners.,Conflit,Accordingly,Lawrence often presents the theme of the demanding mother who has given up the prospect of achieving a true emotional life with her husband and turns to her sons with a stultifying and possessive love.Lawrences mothers claims on him kept frustrating his relationships with women.Had serious Oedipus Complex(恋母情结)his autobiographical novel Sons and Lovers,Fell in love with a professors wife,eloped with her and got married in 1914.,D.H Lawrence(1885-1930),Influenced by Freudian psychology Regarded sex as a mystical experience in his works,and considered a persons sexual nature as the root of life activitiesHe hated industrialism and,in Sons and Lovers,Women in Love and Lady Chatterleys Lover,used coal mining as a cause and symbol of the dehumanization of colliers and owners alike.,Died of T.B.in France.,D.H.Lawrence Birthplace Museum in Eastwood,Nottinghamshire,Chapel east of Taos,New Mexico,where Lawrences ashes are interred,As a novelist,The White Peacock 白孔雀1911The Trespasser 逾矩的罪人 1912Sons and Lovers 儿子与情人 1913The Rainbow 虹 1915Women in Love 恋爱中的女人 1920Aarons Rod 亚伦的手杖 1922Kangaroo 袋鼠 1923The Plumed Serpent 羽蛇 1926Lady Chatterleys Lover查泰莱夫人的情人 1928,Sons and Lovers(1913),Its a highly autobiographical work.,Women in Love(1921),Lady Chatterleys Lover(1928),As a playwright,A Colliers Friday Night 矿工周五的夜晚 1909The Daughter-in-Law 儿媳 1912The Widowing of Mrs.Holroyd 孀居的霍尔罗伊德太太1914 Tough and Go 一触即发 1920 David 大卫 1926,As a Poet,Love Poems and Others 爱情诗集1913 Amores 阿摩斯 1916New Poems 新诗集 1918Bay 海湾 1919Tortoises 乌龟 1921Birds,Beast and Flowers 鸟、兽、花1923 Pansies 三色紫罗兰 1929Nettles 荨麻 1930,Points of view,1.a storng reaction against the mechanical civilization2.ideas about nature3.views on psychology4.the idea of balance,Some of the characteristics of his novels,Today,Lawrence is regarded by many western critics as one of the greatest and most original novelists,but he is not concerned with radical innovations of prose techniques.Instead,the innovative nature of his novel lies in how to trace the psychological development of the protagonist.Keen criticism of societyHuman relationships-chief concernFrank discussion of sexStyle,Lawrences three influential plays are known as the Lawrence trilogy:A Colliers Friday Night,The Daughter-in-Law and The Widowing of Mrs.Holroyed have in common the typical working-class environments set in Nottinghamshire.The main conflict is between the ignorant,drunken and brutish father or husband and the weary,frustrated mother or wife who tries to find emotional fulfillment in her children.What the plays focus on is the direct and violent emotions of the main characters in times of crisis in their married life.The plays are presented with a higher degree of objectivity and detachment than the novels by Lawrence.,Lawrence is also a proficient poet.He began his poetry writing very early and wrote quite a large number of poems in his whole career.His poems fall roughly into three categories-satirical and comic poems,poems about human relationships and emotions,and poems about nature.Lawrence does not care much about the conventional metrical rules;what he tries to do in poetry is to catch the instant life of the immediate present.,Sigmund Freud，1856.5.61939.9.23,The Interpretation of Dreams/Die Traumdeutung 梦的解析 1899The Ego and the Id/Das Ich und das Es 自我与本我 1923An Outline of Psycho-Analysis/Abri der Psychoanalyse 精神分析概要 1940Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality/Drei Abhandlungen zur Sexualtheorie 性学三论 1905,The Rocking-Horse Winner,Introduction,The Rocking-Horse Winner is a short story by D.H.Lawrence.It was first published in July 1926 in Harpers Bazaar and subsequently appeared in the first volume of Lawrences collected short stories.It was made into a film under the same title in 1950,directed by Anthony Pelissier and starring John Mills and Valerie Hobson,Setting,The setting is post industrial revolution England,and the story takes place during a period the Americans call the roaring 20s,a time characterized by greed and a grasping materialism.The home of the family is a posh suburban English dwelling,maybe it is a rural part of England within reach of London.,Summary,In The Rocking-Horse Winner,a young boy,Paul,perceives that there is never enough money in his family,he sets out to find a way to get money through luck.He discovers that if he rides his rocking-horse fast enough,he will somehow know the name of the winning horse in the next race.,He begins to make money and secretly give this money to his mother,but the desire for more money only grows more intense instead of going away.He finally rides his rocking horse so furiously in order to discover the winner of the Derby that he falls into illness and dies,Paul,mother,uncle,Basset,Provided the money that Paul used to make his first win at the horse race.Signed the lawyer papers。Becomes partners with Paul and Basse,A young boy who notices that his mother doesnt love him and his sisters。,he rides the rocking-horse often and come to find that he can predict what horse is going to win the next big horse race。,She becomes“dissatisfied with her marriage”when she finds that her husband is not lucky and doesnt make enough money due to that fact。,The family gardener.Is the one who gets Paul into horse racing,and later becomes“betting partners”。,Characters,Young Paul-innocent,sensitive and intelligent.The mother-a cold,unfeeling,grasping(greedy),materialistic woman disguised in the cover of a loving mother and wife;,Characters,The husband-more or less a non-entity/never-do-well.English gardener-he is passive,loyal,a little bit afraid of his superiors,and somewhat greedy to the extent,Characters,Uncle Oscar-an unscrupulous nskru:pjuls寡廉鲜耻的；不讲道德的 man who takes advantage of his nephews supernatural talents to his own advantage,without considering for a moment the pressures such activity may place upon the young boy.shallow and selfish.,Style,The opening paragraphs of story are written in a style is similar to that of a fairy tale.Instead of“once upon a time,”Lawrence begins with“There was a woman who was beautiful,who started with all the advantages,yet she had no luck.”This is a conscious attempt on the part of the author to use the traditional oral storytelling technique.,This story also combines the supernatural elements of a fable,mainly Pauls ability to“know”the winners just by riding his rocking horse,with the serious themes of an unhappy marriage and an unhealthy desire for wealth at all costs.The story begins with fable-like simplicity but ends with a serious message about wasted lives.,Themes,ResponsibilityGenerosity and GreedOedipus Complex,obsession with Wealth and material items,responsibilities of parenting,the responsibility of the parents to spend money wisely and budget carefully,The mother:“tried this thing and the other,but could not find anything successful.”When Paul gives his mother 5,000 pounds from his winnings,she spends all of it on material things,causing an even more urgent need for more money.,The father:whose main talents are having expensive tastes and being handsome,Responsibility,Generosity and Greed,Pauls unselfish generosity-Paul generously offers all his winnings to the family,in order to relieve the family and seems to have no needs of his own.Mothers greed and selfishness.-she has no idea where all this money is coming from and does not seem to care.she has become so obsessed with wealth that her heart turns completely to stone,so that she cannot even feel sad when her son dies.,Oedipus Complex,Pauls desire to earn money for the family can be said to be an unconscious desire to take his fathers place,a concept that psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud termed the“Oedipus complex.”,俄狄浦斯,俄狄浦斯，外国文学史上典型的命运悲剧人物。是希腊神话中忒拜的国王拉伊奥斯和王后约卡斯塔的儿子，他在不知情的情况下，杀死了自己的父亲并娶了自己的母亲。“戏剧艺术的荷马”、“命运悲剧大师”索福克勒斯在古希腊戏剧俄狄浦斯王中丰富了其命运悲剧的形象,俄狄浦斯情结,俄狄浦斯情结又称“恋母情结”，是精神分析学的术语。由精神分析学的创始人西格蒙德弗洛伊德(Sigmund Freud）提出，儿童在性发展的对象选择时期，开始向外界寻求性对象。对于幼儿，这个对象首先是双亲，男孩以母亲为选择对象而女孩则常以父亲的选择对象。小孩做出如此的选择，一方面是由于自身的“性本能”，同时也是由于双亲的刺激加强了这种倾向，也即是由于母亲偏爱儿子和父亲偏爱女儿促成的。在此情形之下，男孩早就对他的母亲发生了一种特殊的柔情，视母亲为自己的所有物，而把父亲看成是争得此所有物的敌人，并想取代父亲在父母关系中的地位。同理，女孩也以为母亲干扰了自己对父亲的柔情，侵占了她应占的地位。因此，同样也有“恋父情结,BACK,Narrative Techniques,Fable-like narration 预言式叙述Repetition 重复Third person narration 第三人称叙述Use of symbolism 象征Sharp contrast 鲜明对比Irony 反语,Beginning“There was a woman who was beautiful,who started with all the advantages,yet she had no luck.”“There were a boy and two little girls.They lived in a pleasant house,with a garden”This is a conscious attempt on the part of the author to use the traditional oral storytelling technique,Fable-like narration,Ending：My God.Hester,youre eighty-odd thousand to the good,and a poor devil of a son to the bad.But,poor devil,poor devil,hes best gone out of a life where he rides his rocking-horse to find a winner.The end conveys message to readers,Fable-like narration,Advantages Brevity 简短 Straightforward 明确 Easy-understood 易懂 Short but enlightening 启发性,Fable-like narration,Repetition,“There must be more money”echoing through this novel.Use intentionallyFunction:help polish the theme,Third person narration,ObjectiveWithout authors intrusion Most of the time the author objectively show the words and behavior of the characters but seldom go deeper into the inner world of characters.The author tells the story by simple conversations and details.the real meaning or theme lies beneath the words.,Use of symbolism,The Rocking-Horse Destruction a.Its 1st appearance vanity As a Christmas present,beyond their capacity to pay b.2nd appearance luck As a tool to find fortune for his mother,earn 5000 pounds to his mother c.Last appearance self-destruction shabby，the boy falling from it and dead,Contrast,Paul VS his motherInnocent VS greedyBy using contrast,the author successfully show corrosion society exert on people,Irony,“when her children were present,she always felt the center of her heart go hard.This troubled her,and in her manner she was all the more gentle and anxious for her children,as if she loved them very much.Only she herself knew that at the center of her heart was a hard little place that could not feel love,no,not for anybody.Everybody else said of her:She is such a good mother.She adores her children.Only she herself,and her children themselves,knew it was not so.They read it in each others eyes.”To outsiders:a good motherActually its a illusion,Seemingly they live in a beautiful house with a boy and two girls,they are not poor family instead lead a favorable life and we would think at the beginning this must be a very happy family with good atmosphere but it is a family full of indifference,greedy for money,vanity specially rise to climax with the tragedy death of the son.Happy family?Actually tragic family,Irony,Irony,The rocking-horse can bring Paul to fortune and win the game.But the rocking-horse cannot move,it is fixed cannot be moved,how can this kind of horse win the champion of game.The use of irony contributes to verify the theme:Money-oriented society,the bourgeoisie bring disaster to the people,Questions,1.Does the house really whisper?Make comments on the repetition of the phrase“There must be more money!”2.Does“luck”mean money?How do you define luck?3.Who kills Paul?,1.Does the house really whisper?Make comments on the repetition of the phrase“There must be more money!”,No,it is not the house whispers.The expensive and splendid toys,the shining modern rocking horse,the smart dolls house,they are the reflection of this parents vanity.This couple bought so many expensive things means that they want to have a life of nabobism and a nabobism life means that there must be more money.This phrase was used intentionally to emphasize the theme“greed”,2.Does“luck”mean money?How do you define luck?,I dont think so.I think luck equals to happinessLuck is occasional.It can make us earn more money or satisfaction.But we cant depend on it and dont try to do meaningful things.Money isnt everything.we should keep a right attitude to luck and money.,3.Who kills Paul?,I think it was the society killed Paul.The development of urban industrialism caused people only cared money.At that time,people thought money is everything.So,in the novel,the house whispered,mom emphasised“luck”so many times.Paul wanted to get his mothers attention by money which forced him to ride the Rocking-horse again and again.Paul was ill and the whole society was ill too.Pauls death was a reflection of the industrialism.,Thank You!,