研究生英语阅读教程（提高级 第三版）Lesson 3.ppt

Advanced Reading Revised Edition,策 划：鞠方安 商希建顾 问：李光立主 编：刘兰芝 董敬一副主编：Gerald Zimmerman 张波 杨真真制作人：董敬一 刘红梅,Lesson Three,How We Broke The Murdoch Scandal,3,Catalogue,Warm-up Questions,Main Idea,Language Points,Keys to the Exercises,Background Information,Difficult Sentences,4,Background Information,Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of News Corporation,the parent company of News International.,Rupert Murdoch,5,Background Information,The United Kingdom newspaper publishing division of News Corporation.The company owns The Times,The Sunday Times,The Sun and The News of The World.,News International,6,Background Information,Murdochs scandal-hit News of the World to shut down,The News of the World,which sells about 2.8million copies a week,is famed for its celebrity scoops and sex scandals,earning it the nickname,the News of the Screws.,7,Background Information,Press here and watch Will Murdoch give up the Sun to save the empire?,8,Background Information,Alan Rusbridger has been editor of the Guardian since 1995.He is editor-in-chief of Guardian News&Media,a member of the GNM and GMG Boards and a member of the Scott Trust,which owns the Guardian and the Observer.,9,Warm-up Questions,Do you like to read tabloid magazines(小报)?,2.Do you think that paparazzi(狗仔队)and press intrude too much into celebrities lives?,3.What do you think of a journalists illegal hacking phones to expose corruption or criminal activities?,10,Main Idea,Back,11,This article describes the influence that rich and power-ful interests can have on the political and cultural life of a nation.It also demonstrates the importance of a free press in pursuing the truth.Events played out over years,and are ongoing.There were great financial risks for a British newspaper,The Guardian,and to individuals working for the paper.At times it seemed that they would fail in their efforts to expose the truth and be punished for trying.,Main Idea,Back,12,This article discusses the persistence of one particular investigative reporter,Nick Davies,and the very complex series of events that resulted in finally exposing the truth.Subsequently many individual have been arrested and charged,and several have gone to jail.,13,Language Points,1.scandal n c(title of the text)an event in which someone,esp.someone important,behaves in a bad way that shocks people 这件丑事早晚会东窗事发。The scandle must break sooner or later.他与金融丑闻有染。He was involved in a financial scandel.,14,Language Points,掩盖丑闻 to blanket/conceal/cover up/hush up the scandal2)be angry about it and think that the people responsible for it should be ashamed 校舍的糟糕状况确实是一大耻辱。The poor state of school buildings is a real scandel.,15,Language Points,to cause a scandal to be involved in a scandal to be(at)the centre of a scandal a big/major scandal a financial/political scandal a corruption/sex/drugs etc scandal a scandal breaks=a scandal becomes known,16,Language Points,2.guardian n c(subtitle of the text）1）name of a newspaper published in London and Manchster2)someone who is legally responsible for looking after someone elses child,especially after the childs parents have died 这张表格须由孩子的家长或监护人签字。The form must be signed by the childs parents or guardian.,17,Language Points,Synonyms:protector,warden,warder,keeper,custodian,minder,defender,preserver,trustee,18,Language Points,你父亲遗命托我为你的监护人。Your father chose to leave me your guardian.3)n fmlsomeone who guards or protects sth 美国把自己视为民主的捍卫者。The US sees itself as the guardian of democracy.,19,Language Points,3.dogged adj(subtitle of the text）very determined to continue doing sth 他们完全是凭借顽强的毅力赢得了尊敬。They have gained respect through sheer dogged determination.他靠着坚持不懈取得了成功。He achieved success through dogged persistence.,20,Language Points,4.ally n(subtitle of the text）1）someone who helps and supports you when other people are trying to oppose you 她将为失去一个亲密的政治盟友而懊悔。She will regret losing a close political ally.他坚决支持首相。He is a staunch ally of the Prime Minister.,21,Language Points,2)vt to help and support other people or countries,esp.in a war or disagreement 他除了与新运动结盟别无选择。He will have no choice but to ally himself with the new movement.,22,Language Points,Synonyms:accomlice,associate,collaborator,companion,accessory,abettor,friend,helper,23,Language Points,5.gamble n singular(subtitle of the text）an action or plan that involves a risk but that you hope will succeed 我们在这次投机中获益了。The gamble paid off for us.他精心设计好的冒险行动未能奏效。His calculated gamble failed to come off.,24,Language Points,6.pay off v adv(subtitle of the text）1)be successful or has a good result 你那项大胆的计划成功了吗？Did your daring plan pay off?桑德拉决心成为医生，她的坚持取得了成功。Sandra was determined to become a doctor and her persistence paid off.,25,Language Points,2)to give them the amount of money that you owe them or that they are asking for,so that they will not take action against you or cause you any trouble 在腐败泛滥的社会中，由于要花钱打点更多的政客 和官员，决策的制定会被拖慢。In societies where corruption is endemic,decision-making is slowed as more politicians and officials have to be paid off.,26,Language Points,7.veteran n(line 1,para.1)someone who has had a lot of experience of a particular activity这位资深教授仍然保持着艰苦朴素的作风。This veteran professor still remains his philosophy of hard work and plain-living.,Language Points,8.conspiratorial adj（line 2,para.1）,of,relating to,or suggestive of a conspiracy,他从桌子对面朝我诡诈的一笑。,He gave me a conspiratorial smile across the table.,These men were found guilty of conspiracy to murder.,conspiracy n the act of conspiring together 这些人被判阴谋杀人罪。,27,28,Language Points,9.glance n c（line 2,para.1）a quick look 她偷偷瞥一眼自己的手表。She stole a quick glance at her watch.他只草草看了一眼报告就签了名。He signed with only a cursory glance at the report.at first glance/sight:when you first look at sth,29,Language Points,10.hair-raising adj（line 3,para.1）frightening and dangerous in a way that is exciting 这是一起令人毛骨悚然的凶杀案。This is a hair-raising murder case.我们驾车驶往那山村时，一路颠簸，让人毛骨悚然。The ride was bumpy,and hair-raising when we drove to the mountain village.,30,Language Points,11.heir n（line 1,para.2）the person who will take over a position or job after you,or who does things or thinks in a similar way to you 这古老的王朝将世代相传。The ancient dynasty shall not fail of an heir.国王的长子是王位的继承人。The Kings eldest son is the heir to the throne.,31,Language Points,Synonyms:beneficiary,inheritor,successor,32,Language Points,The father,Rupert Murdoch,is now over 80 years old,and now James,the son and heir is mostly in charge of global operations.,33,Language Points,12.the most powerful private news-media company on earth（line 1,para.2)The global company,News Corporation,was started in 1979 in Australia by the father,Rupert Murdoch.Eventually he moved his headquarters to England.Currently News Corporation is the worlds second largest media holding company and holds interests in major newspapers,magazines,financial corporations,34,Language Points,and much more.In the United Kingdom some of the holdings included The Sun,The Sunday Times,The Times and News of the World(now no longer published),newspapers involved in the scandal.,35,Language Points,13.deal n c（line 2,para.2）an agreement or arran-gement,especially in business or politics,that helps both sides involved 谁也无权背着其他国家进行政治交易。No one has the right to engae in political deals behind the back of other countries.他们洽谈了一周后成交了。They closed the deal after a weeks nogotiating.,36,Language Points,Synonyms:bargain,contract,pact,settlement,transaction,agreement,arrangement,37,Language Points,14.heave n u literary(line 1,para.3）a strong rising or falling movement 海水的翻腾 the heave of the sea,38,Language Points,15.revulsion n(line 1,para.3）a strong feeling of shock and very strong dislike;disgust;revolt 他的声音里充满了恐惧和反感。His voice was filled with horror and revulsion.,39,Language Points,Synonyms:abhorrence,antipathy,aversion,contempt,detesta-tion,dislike,distaste,hatred,loathing,nausea,repugnance,repulsion,40,Language Points,16.up to（line 2,para.3）spoken doing sth secret or sth that you should not be doing 他们挺直身子想看看孩子子们在搞什么名堂。They straightened up to see what the cildren were up to.你对我太大方了，我知道你居心叵测。You are excessively generous to me and I know that you are up to no good.,41,Language Points,17.merger n c（line 2,para.3）the joining to-gether of two or more companies or organizations to form one larger one 股东们将投票表决公司合并问题。Shareholders will be voting on the merger of the companies.对这项提议的赞同是合并的第一步。Acceptance of the offer is the first step to a merger.,42,Language Points,18.stop in its tracks（line 2,para.3）When those in parliament realized what Murdochs employees were doing,they decided not to move forward and allow this merger to be completed or here it means to stop the business deal.免疫方案阻止了这种疾病的蔓延。The disease was stopped in its tracks by immunization programmes.,43,Language Points,19.dead in the water infml（last but 2nd line and last line of para.3）if a plan or idea is dead in the water,it is unlikely to continue successfully.经济停滞不前，失业率高达10.8%。The economy is dead in the water,with 10.8 percent unemployment.,44,Language Points,20.civic adj（line 2,para.4）1)relating to the people who live in a town or city 我认为投票选举是我作为公民的义务。I feel it is my civic duty to vote.市长试图在城市里建造一座新的图书馆以此来培 养市民的荣誉感。The mayor has tried to foster civic pride by having a new public library built in the city.,45,Language Points,2)relating to a town or city 市里的领导协助促进工程的进展。The civic leaders helped to forward the project.,46,Language Points,21.policing n（line 2,para.4）1)the police 2)the way that an industry or activity etc is controlled in order to make sure that people obey the rules 对商业行为的监管差别很大。Policing of business courses varies widely.,47,Language Points,22.play out v adv（line 3,para.4）to continue to occur,particularly toward some outcome,even if the exact outcome is not known 争夺党的领导人地位的斗争怀着深深的个人 仇恨继续进行。The battle for the leadership of the party was played out with much bitter personal hatred.,48,Language Points,23.civil adj（line 4,para.4）only before noun relating to the people who live in a country 内战的可怕阴影再一次笼罩了这个国家。The terrible specter of civil war hung over the country once again.这些文件仍仅限公务员使用。Access to the documents remains restricted to civil servants.公民自由 公民权 civil liberty civil rights,Language Points,24.wend ones way(line 4,para.4),to proceed on ones way,我们蜿蜒穿过狭窄的街道。,We wended our way through the narrow streets.,睡眼惺忪的通勤族正拖着沉重的步子上班去。,Sleepy-eyed commuters were wending their way to work.,49,50,Language Points,25.wing n(last line of para.4)1)a section of an organized body 民主党自由派 the liberal wing of the Democratic Party 他属于该党的激进派。He belongs to the radical wing of the party.,51,Language Points,2)one of the parts of a birds or insects body that it uses for flying,Wing,52,Language Points,26.rewind vt(line 1,para.5)to go backwards in order to see or hear it again 放带子之前先倒带。Rewind the tape before playing it.,53,Language Points,27.straightforward adj(line 2,para.5)honest about your feelings or opinions and not hiding anything 我是个耿直坦率的人，我讨厌虚伪。Im a blunt straightforward man;I hate sham.他是个直性子的人，把看到的事儿都捅出来了。Hes a straightforward man and told everything hed seen.,54,Language Points,Synonyms:blunt,candid,direct,easy,forthright,frank,genuine,honest,intelligible,open,plain,simple,sincere,straight,truthful,uncomplicated,55,Language Points,28.News of the World(line 2,para.5)Below News of the World is often abbreviated as NotW.,56,Language Points,29.hack vt(line 3,para.5)to secretly find a way of getting information from someone elses computer or changing information on it 他们非法闯入计算机和移动电话网络。They hacked computer and cellular telephone network.非法破解政府或工业机密来取乐或牟利。hack government and industrial secrets for fun or profit.,57,Language Points,30.subcontract vt(line 3,para.5)to pay other people to do part of the work 该公司外包了大部分零部件的生产。The company is subcontracting production of most of the parts.他们通过将任务转包给当地其他公司来减少成本。They are cutting costs by subcontracting work out to other local firms.,58,Language Points,31.access vt(line 4,para.5)to find information,especially on a computer 程序员可以读取信息。The programmer can access information.银行客户可以通过电子系统立即查看自己的支票帐户。The bank customers can access their checking accounts instantly through electronic system.,59,Language Points,32.crack vt(line 4,para.5)to find the answer to a problem;to manage to understand sth that is difficult to understand;to solve 经过多年的努力研究，他终于找到了破解这个系 统的办法。He has finally cracked the system after years of pains-taking research.,60,Language Points,Synonyms:decipher,elucidate,explain,find the solution to,interpret,work out,61,Language Points,33.PIN(line 5,para.5)Personal Identification NumbersPINs are used by individuals to protect access to personal information such as phone messages and bank accounts.,62,Language Points,34.pounce vi(line 5,para.5)to suddenly move forward and attack someone or sth,after waiting to attack them 反诈骗小组的警员们已在电话上安装了窃听器，并随时准备突击。Fraud squad officers had bugged the phone and were ready to pounce.,63,Language Points,35.regulator n(line 7,para.5)a person or organization appointed by a government to regulate an area of activity such as banking or industry 将会指定一个独立的管理机构来保证公平竞争。An independent regulator will be appointed to ensure fair competition.政府会继续起到监察者和调控者的作用吗？Will government maintain its role of watchdog and regulator?,Language Points,36.a rotten apple(line 7,para.5),There is a saying that“one rotten apple can spoil a barrel”.Here,one bad individual can ruin the reputation of other good people surrounding him;one bad person who has a bad effect on all the others in a group,警方的腐败不仅仅是几个害群之马造成的。,Police corruption is not just a few rotten apples.,64,65,Language Points,为了保护他人除掉害群之马是明智之举。It is wise to get rid of rotten apples to protect others.,66,Language Points,37.Coulson was a powerful editor at NotW and had authority over Clive Goodman;he was pressured to resign because of his connection to the scandal.（last but 2nd line of para.5）,67,Language Points,38.Game over(last line of para.5)It imples that the competition is over and one side is the victor.Here it implies that NotW had been succe-ssful in covering up the scandal.,68,Language Points,39.transcribe vt(line 3,para.6)to write down sth exactly as it was said 所有电话交谈都将被录音并作全文转写。Every telephone conversation will be recorded and transcribed.我正根据他的口述记录西蒙的日记。I am transcribing,from his dictation,the diaries of Simon.,69,Language Points,Synonyms:copy out,take down,transliterate,write out,Language Points,一,70,40.in the know(line 5,para.6)in possession of exclusive knowledge or information;well-informed 知情人披露了交易会上的一些不正之风。Persons in the know revealed some malpractices at the fair.据知道内情的人说，经济已陷入困境。People in the know say the economy is in trouble.,71,Language Points,41.land vt infml(last but 2nd line of para.6)to succeed in getting a job,contract etc that was difficult to get 他弄到了一套三居室的房子。He landed a three-roomed flat.侦探经过长时间的追捕后终于抓到了那个小偷。The detective landed the thief after a long chase.,72,Language Points,42.checkbook n c(line 1,para.7)a small book of cheques that your bank gives you,73,Language Points,43.telling adj(line 1,para.8)showing the true