新视野大学英语读写教程（第二版）第三册Unit 8 Section BWho Will Take Advantage of Human Cloning.ppt

Reading Skills,Text Study,Notes to the Text,Words and Expressions,Idea Sharing,Identifying the Writers Purpose,Exercises,Reading Skills,I.Identifying the Writers Purpose,1.Passages presenting facts and evidence are to inform.2.Passages containing emotional appeals,opinions,rhetorical questions,and judgmental language are to persuade.3.Passages with informal language,puns or figures of speech are mainly to entertain.,1.In my opinion,if we make honest and sensible use of money,it can be a stepping-stone to happiness.If we earn money lawfully,we can be proud of our achievement in gaining wealth.But we must also put our money to good use,so that it benefits not only ourselves but our fellowmen as well.The writer is to _.,II.Exercises,persuade,Reading Skills,2.How not to grow old,at my time of life,is a much more important subject.My first advice would be to choose your ancestors carefully.Ive done well in this respect.My grandfather,it is true,was cut off in the flower of his youth at the age of sixty-seven,but my other three grandparents all lived to be over eighty.The writer is to _.,entertain,Reading Skills,3.As is shown in the table,from January to June,a total of 94,670 people were injured and 2,827 people were killed.We can find that traffic accidents have been on the increase all the time.In January,therere only 13,905 people injured while in June the number went up to 17,151.In January,therere only 230 people killed,but in June,the number increased to 700.The writer is to _.,inform,Reading Skills,Question Answering,A piece of news,reaction,1.How does the author introduce the topic?,(Para.1),A sheep had been cloned.,Panichuman cloning,Question Answering,Text Study,Related News,Conservative spiritual leaders have claimed that cloning a human constitutes a gross attack on human dignity.,2.How to refute(反驳)the arguments?,(Para.2),Why suppose that the laws that protect our rights and dignity wouldnt be applicable to cloned persons?,Text Study,A leading lawyer has suggested that cloning would violate the“right to a unique genetic identity”.,(Para.2),If such consent were given,whose“right”to genetic identity would be violated?,Text Study,Theres the fear that parents might clone a child for the sake of having“surplus parts”in case the original child needs an organ transplant.,(Para.3),Parents of identical twins dont view one child as an organ farm for the other.Why should cloned childrens parents be any different?,Text Study,Cloning will lead to efforts to breed individuals with genetic qualities perceived as desirable(geniuses,etc.).,(Para.4),Banks stocked with the frozen sperm of geniuses already exist,but they havent created a master race.Why should we think it would be different if human cloning becomes available?,Text Study,3.Who will likely take advantage of cloning?,a dying childinfertile couplespeople with severe disease people with deceased relatives medical researchers,Text Study,(Para.5),Related News,No one has yet made a convincing case that it would do any real harm.,4.What did the author imply?,(Para.6),Text Study,Whats more,People may take advantage of cloning.,Why ban human cloning,Focus Study,Active Expressions,I.Active Expressions,Notes to the TextActive Expressions,Last weeks news that scientists had cloned a sheep sent academics and the public into a panic(L1)2.Yet much of the moral opposition seems also to grow out of an automatic,unthinking disgust.(L6)3.It makes perfect sense to say that adult persons have a right not to be cloned without(L17)4.might cloned a child for the sake of having“surplus parts”in case the original child(L23),Notes to the TextActive Expressions,1.这话让他大笑了好一阵。2.计划源于一次随意的谈话。3.对我来说，她的论点很容易理解。4.为了钱，我会接受这份工作。,Notes to the TextActive Expressions,The remark sent him into a fit of laughter.This plan grew out of a casual conversation.His argument makes perfect sense to me.I will take the job for the sake of money.,Notes to the TextActive Expressions,Notes to the TextFocus Study,II.Focus Study,1.Cloning is a radical challenge to the most fundamental laws of biology,so its reasonable to be concerned that it might be a preface to activities that will threaten human society and dignity.Yet much of the moral opposition seems also to grow out of an automatic,unthinking disgust.,the principal clause Cloning is a challenge to the adverbial clause of result so its reasonable to be concerned the object clause its reasonable to be concerned that it might the attributive clause activities that will threaten,克隆向生物学最基本的规律发起了一次革命性的挑战，因此有理由担心这或许是威胁人类社会和人类尊严的活动的序曲。然而，这种道义上的反对大多出自一种本能的、未经思考的厌恶。,Notes to the TextFocus Study,2.This refusal to consider the issue logically makes it hard for even trained scientists and other experts to see the matter clearly.,This refusal makes it hard for scientists andexperts to see,这种拒绝对此问题作理性思考的行为，甚至使训练有素的科学家和其他专家也难以看清这件事的实质。,the principal clause:,Notes to the TextFocus Study,3.But why suppose that the laws that protect our rights and dignity would not be applicable to cloned persons?,但为何要假设保护人类权利和尊严的法律不能同样适用于克隆人？,the principal clause But why suppose the object clause suppose that the laws the attributive clause the laws that protect,Notes to the TextFocus Study,4.Many of the vivid warnings of science fiction concerning the prospect of human cloning turn out,upon reflection,to be wildly improbable.,有关克隆人类前景的科幻小说所发出的种种真切的警告，仔细想来却变成了无稽之谈。,the principal clause:,Many warnings turn out to be improbable.,Notes to the TextFocus Study,But there is a vast difference between the breeding programs as practiced by some groups(where the urge to breed certain types of people leads to efforts to destroy other types)and the much more harmless forms already practiced in democratic societies(where,say,lawyers freely choose to have sexual relations with other lawyers).,Notes to the TextFocus Study,后置定语,the attributive clause,后置定语,the attributive clause,5.,6.But a cloned child born to such suspect parents stands no greater or lesser chance of being loved,or rejected,than a child created the normal way.,但是，被心存疑虑的父母所克隆的孩子，其被关爱或被抛弃的机会与一个正常生育的孩子是完全一样的。,the principal clause:,But a cloned child stands no greateror lesser chance than a child,Notes to the TextFocus Study,7.This is one case where even people(bothered by creating a child under the lens of a microscope)might see cloning as not the worst option.,后置定语,the principal clause This is one case.the attributive clause where even,在这个例子中，就连不愿意在显微镜下创造孩子的人也可能认为克隆不是最坏的选择。,Notes to the TextFocus Study,New to Old,Word Using,Translation,Matching Game,radical adj.in favor of thorough and complete change,我不同意他的激进观点。,I do not share his radical views.,Words and ExpressionsWord Using,I.Word Using,2.preface n.,an event that happens before a more important event,这一偶然事件成了一项重大科学发现的前奏。,The accident was the preface to a great scientific discovery.,Words and ExpressionsWord Using,3.make a convincing case that make people believe that,No scientists have made a convincing case that the earth will be really attacked by beings from other planets.,还没有科学家证实地球真的会受到外星人的攻击。,Words and ExpressionsWord Using,4.consent(to)n.agreement,大家一致认为她最近拍的那部影片是她迄今最好的作品。,Her latest film,by common consent,is her best yet.,Words and ExpressionsWord Using,make money for moneys sake,5.for the sake of for the purpose of;for the good of,Stop smoking for the sake of your health.,为了你的健康戒烟吧。,Words and ExpressionsWord Using,为挣钱而挣钱,6.view as consider/think about as,人们认为矛盾是父母与子女关系中必不可少的一部分。,Conflict is viewed as an inevitable part of the child-parent relationship.,Words and ExpressionsWord Using,7.queue up wait in a line,我们排队等候公共汽车。,We queued up for the bus.,Words and ExpressionsWord Using,8.stand a chance of,have a chance of(achieving sth.),如果我能多说一门外语的话，我就有更大的机会拿下这个工作。,If I can speak at least one more foreign language,Ill stand a bigger chance of getting the job.,Words and ExpressionsWord Using,9.defect n.,a fault,problem or lack in sth.,这双鞋我买得很便宜，因为鞋上有些小毛病。,I bought these shoes cheaply because they have slight defects in them.,Words and ExpressionsWord Using,10.probable adj.,likely to happen or be true,他是很有希望的候选人。今天很可能会下雨。,Hes a probable candidate.It is highly probable that it will rain today.,Words and ExpressionsWord Using,11.govern v.,control,对金钱的需求左右着他的行为。不要发脾气。,The need for money governs his behavior.Govern your temper.,Words and ExpressionsWord Using,Leaders have claimed that cloning a human constitutes a gross attack.2.Why suppose that the law wound not be applicable to cloned persons?3.Where did he come up with such a right?4.The persons have a right not to be cloned without their voluntary,informed consent.5.The husband has some unfortunate genetic defect.,forms,be suitable to,get,willing,fault,agreement,II.New to Old,Words and ExpressionsNew to Old,6.Many warnings turn out to be wildly improbable.7.It makes perfect sense to say that adult persons have a right.8.They can go to a sperm bank and take a chance on unknown genes.9.Human cloning should be governed by the same laws.,is sensible to,take a risk on,ruled,prove to be,impossible,Words and ExpressionsNew to Old,law of biologyhuman dignityorgan transplant 数学天才排队,生态法则人类尊严器官移植math geniusesqueue up,III.Translation,Words and ExpressionsTranslation,genetic defect怀孕grave questionsno doubt利用,基因缺陷get pregnant令人担忧的问题无疑take advantage of,Words and ExpressionsTranslation,grow out offor the sake ofstock withseek outdispose of,look for&findget rid ofresult fromsupply with in order to(do),IV.Matching Games,Words and ExpressionsMatching Games,in the name ofon reflectionmake an enquiry intoresign oneself to sth.,after considering againask for information ofhave to accept sth.using the name of,Words and ExpressionsMatching Games,Discussion,How will we be influenced by cloning?,Watch the video clip and discuss with your desk mate on the change of our life with the development of the cloningtechnology.,Idea Sharing,.,Influenced by Cloning,Idea Sharing,To Task,To Horizon,The End of Section B,