中西方园林建筑比较英文版(1).ppt

Western and Chinese architecture,贺晓波,Ancient Europe,1、Ancient Greek architecture2、Ancient Rome architecture,1、Ancient Greek architecture,Their thoughts about architecture:Give humans beauty to buildingsStyle:Simple,Magnificent,Natural and permanentMaterial:From wood to stoneHighest Contribution:ColumniationMagnum Opus:The Parthenon（帕特农神庙）,Columniation,Ionic Order爱奥尼亚柱式,Doric Order多利克柱式,Definition:The style of each part of the stone girder and post structure system,and the way they are combined or connected.Classification:Ionic and DoricIts Effect:It is popular all over the world later and it is still used nowadays.,2、Ancient Rome architecture,Ancient Rome architecture is the most refulgent（辉煌）chapter in the world architecture history.Most buildings are gathered in“permanent capital”Rome.Magnum Opus:Colossum（斗兽场）and Pantheon（万神庙）,Some photos of Colosseum,Chinese Architecture,1.The traditional chinese memorial archway.2.The temples are large and extravagant.3.The palaces are a pleasure to look at.4.The Garden architecture.,Ancient Chinese architecture enjoys a long history and great achievements,and created many architectural miracles such as the Great Wall.,1.Traditional Chinese Memorial Archway（牌坊）,In ancient China,it was a glory for a person to have an archway built for him.,Memorial archways are usually made of stone,bricks,wood or cement.There were also archways built for officials of high level,important historical events,and the construction of famous temples.,棠樾牌坊群,One fabulous example of Chinese architecture is the buddhist temple which can be found scattered around China.Unfortunately,there are not many of these temples left.,2.The temples,3.The palaces,Palaces are the most important architecture in china.The palaces is for emperor meeting in the early morning.,Momentum solemn and magnificent,grand scale and rigorous neat space pattern,give person intense spirit infection,authority who displays mainly an emperor.,4.The Garden Architecture,Chinese gardens the ancient times,is to appreciate an environment that an integral whole such as the natural and artificial landscape,flowers and trees and building.,Classical Chinese garden design,which seeks to recreate natural landscapes in miniature,is nowhere better illustrated than in the nine gardens in the historic city of Suzhou.They are generally acknowledged to be masterpieces of the genre.Dating from the 11th-19th century,the gardens reflect the profound metaphysical importance of natural beauty in Chinese culture in their meticulous design.,The form of Chinese ancient architecture is very different from that of the West ancient architecture.The influence of the different culture upon the architecture system has following aspect:,The difference between ancient European and ancient Chinese architecture,The difference of the architectural material.The architectural layout is different.The different development process.The dissimilarity of the esthetic sense.,1.The difference of the architectural material,Before the modern architecture,all the mature architectural systems,including Indian architecture which belongs to the East architecture,took brick as basal material,such as Pyramid of ancient Egypt,Temple of ancient Greece,Colosseum of ancient Roma,the waterway,Churchs of the Middle Ages Europe and so on.,temples-acropolis（雅典卫城）,Rome colosseum（古罗马斗兽场）,Saturn temple（土星殿）,The Arch of Titus（凯旋门）,Only the Chinese ancient architecture,making the main frame of the house with the timber,belonged to the wood structure system.So Chinese ancient architecture is called the historical records of the wood.,2.The architectural layout is different,reflecting the differentiation of the culture,the personality characteristic between Chinese and the West system.,The form of China is almost a structure,which is similar to a closed structure.The particular system,like Chinese characters,reflect the whole introverted culture.,Oppositely,the West architecture is liberal,and expand to a high empty.The West architecture is aloft.,3.The different development process of Chinese and the West architecture respects the different reform attitude.,Development process of Chinese architecture respects that Chinese architecture is conservative.The timber frame system,which Chinese ancient architecture makes as the main structure form,has discovered in some buildings of primitive society.Until the onset of modern architecture,it remained the most popular style in Chinese architecture.,The West architecture form is diversiform.,4.The dissimilarity of the esthetic sense between China and the West.,The building of China fix attention on the information.All ancient Chinese architecture was built according to strict rules of design that made Chinese building follow the ideas of Taoism or other Chinese philosoplies.,The West architecture deeply under the influence of the esthetics and mathematics logic.,Thank you!,