【最新版】电大开放本科中国古代文学专题(2)期末复习考试试题及参考答案小抄.doc

试卷代号：1096中央广播电视大学20122013学年度第一学期“开放本科”期末考试中国古代文学专题（2） 试题2013年1月一、填空题1.白朴的杂剧 描写了唐明皇和杨贵妃的爱情故事，并在其中写出了人生的悲哀。2.元代作家 的杂剧李透负荆是元代水浒戏中最优秀的作品之一。3.元代剧作家 的杂剧赵氏孤儿是一部著名的历史悲剧，剧中表现了程婴等义士赴汤蹈火的牺牲精神。4.孟称舜的杂剧 描写了崔护和叶奉儿的爱情故事，体现了他关于婉丽风格的理论。5.明代汤显祖的传奇牧丹亭描写了宦门之女杜丽娘和书生 的爱情故事。6.明代剧作家 的杂剧“渔阳三弄”，借张建封、杨慎、杜默三人的遭遇，表现了对个性和自我的追求。7.明代吕天成取材于孟子的杂剧 通过对舜等古圣贤的戏谑，表现了晚明人对传统的挑战。8.“四大南戏”中的 描写了王瑞兰和蒋世隆悲欢离合的爱情。9.明代很多剧作取材于水浒传，如李开先的传奇 就描写了林冲被逼上梁山的故事。10.明代作家 的剧作很注意对诙谐的追求，他的博笑记就是一部演“可喜、可怪之事”，“俱可绝倒”的作品。二、简答题1.举例说明关汉卿和马致远剧作在精神实质上的差异。2.简述梁辰鱼烷纱记在中国戏曲史上的价值。3.简析西游记的谐趣艺术风格。4.明代白话短篇小说反映了那些时代内容?5.应该怎样评价红楼梦后四十回?三、论述题1.试析王实甫西厢记矛盾冲突设计的特点。2.试述高明琵琶记对后世戏曲创作的影响。3.怎样认识三国演义拥刘反曹的思想倾向?4.以周进、范进的故事为例，分析儒林外史是如何揭露科举考试制度对封建士子身心的摧残和毒害的?试卷代号：1096中央广播电视大学20122013学年度第一学期“开放本科”期末考试中国古代文学专题（2） 试题答案及评分标准（供参考）2013年1月一、填空1.梧桐雨2.康进之3.纪君祥4.桃源三访5.徐渭6.沈自微7.齐东绝倒8.拜月亭9.宝剑记10沈璟二、简答1.举例说明关汉卿和马致远剧作在精神实质上的差异。答案要点:(1)关汉卿在精神上更接近平民，作品多表现普通百姓的生活;(2)马致远在精神上更多士大夫色彩，作品多以文人、道士为表现中心，体现出对精神归宿的探讨。2.简述梁辰鱼(院纱记在中国戏曲史上的价值。答案要点:(1)是最早用改革后的昆山腔演唱的剧本，使昆山腔在戏曲舞台上迅速流传开来;其中一些出在后世久演不衰。(2)对历史兴亡的思考，代表了明传奇的一个重要主题，并在后来的文人创作中得到更多发挥。(3)以政治和爱情相结合，开创了以离合之情写兴亡之感的手法，对后世传奇创作有很大影响。3.简析(西游记的谐趣艺术风格。答案要点:(1)(西游记的谐趣风格首先跟人物的思想性格有关；(2)其次，在人物形象塑造中将神性、人性和自然性三者很好的结合起来，也是西游记谐趣的重要原因。4.明代白话短篇小说反映了那些时代内容?答案要点:明代白话短篇小说反映的时代内容包括:(1)反映了社会生活的新特点，主要是市民和商人的生活和思想感情。(2)爱情婚姻小说中表现出新思想、新观念。这主要有两类，一类从正面表现市民阶层在爱情婚姻问题上的新观念，一类描写情与礼的矛盾，或以悲剧结局来控诉礼教对妇女的迫害，或以喜剧结局来否定礼而肯定情.(3)揭露社会黑暗和封建统治阶级罪恶的作品也带有民主进步的色彩。5.应该怎样评价红楼梦后四十回?答案要点:(1)贡献在于根据前八十回的线索，完成了宝黛爱情悲剧的结局，使红楼梦成为一部完整的小说，而且基本保持了前八十回的悲剧气氛，矛盾冲突的发展和人物处理也大致符合曹雪芹原意。(2)缺点在于宝黛性格有与前八十回不符的地方;而贾府家道复初的结局也与曹雪芹构思的“落了片白茫茫大地真干净”不合;艺术上也较为逊色。三、论述题1.试析王实甫西厢记矛盾冲突设计的特点。答案要点:(1)全剧以莺莺、张生、红娘与老夫人的矛盾，也就是封建势力和礼教叛逆者之间的矛盾为基本矛盾:以莺莺、张生、红娘间之间的性格冲突为次要矛盾，形成了一主一辅两条线索，借矛盾来推动情节发展，刻画人物。(2)老夫人的赖婚使封建势力与年青一代的矛盾激化，剧本出现了第一个高潮。在反抗老夫人的过程中，三人间又出现了性格冲突。“赖简”一折出现了剧本第二个高潮。此后，矛盾再次转移，“拷红分一折三人与老夫人正面冲突，故事出现第三个高潮。2.试述高明(琵琶记对后世戏曲创作的影响。答案要点:(1)对戏曲社会教育作用的强调对后世影响很大。(2)提高了南戏的文学品味，使南戏由民间进人文人的书房。(3)为后世写作剧本提供了范本，确立了双线结构在后来南戏传奇创作中的地位，其中的一些情节也被后世作家袭用。3.怎样认识三国演义拥刘反曹的思想倾向?答案要点:(1)拥刘反曹的思想倾向的形成:在三国故事长期流传过程中形成，罗贯中承认并吸收到作品中，毛氏父子的修改又加强了这一倾向。(2)拥刘反曹思想的表现:以蜀汉为中心展开艺术构思，小说的情节、细节和人物刻画都体现出拥刘反曹的思想倾向，尤其是刘备和曹操的形象塑造。(3)拥刘反曹思想倾向的内涵:(a)是德治仁政的理想和反暴政思想的反映;(b)是民族思想的反映;(c)是封建正统思想的反映。4.以周进、范进的故事为例，分析儒林外史是如何揭露科举制度对士子身心的摧残和毒害的?答案要点:科举考试制度造成了封建知识分子以及整个社会对科举的热衷、对功名富贵的追求:(1)周进中举之前的穷困卑微、因追求功名富贵而不得而产生的空虚悲哀以及众人对他的侮辱蔑视，中举后境遇的变化、众人对他的巴结奉承。(2)范进中举前的凄苦可怜，中举后的发疯和骤然富贵以及众人对他的攀附巴结。这两个故事反映了范进等知识分子追求功名至死不肯回头的社会原因，反映了知识分子在科举制度的毒害摧残下扭曲的灵魂。请您删除一下内容，O(_)O谢谢！【China's 10 must-see animations】The Chinese animation industry has seen considerable growth in the last several years. It went through a golden age in the late 1970s and 1980s when successively brilliant animation work was produced. Here are 10 must-see classics from China's animation outpouring that are not to be missed. Let's recall these colorful images that brought the country great joy. Calabash Brothers Calabash Brothers (Chinese: 葫芦娃) is a Chinese animation TV series produced by Shanghai Animation Film Studio. In the 1980s the series was one of the most popular animations in China. It was released at a point when the Chinese animation industry was in a relatively downed state compared to the rest of the international community. Still, the series was translated into 7 different languages. The episodes were produced with a vast amount of paper-cut animations. Black Cat Detective Black Cat Detective (Chinese: 黑猫警长) is a Chinese animation television series produced by the Shanghai Animation Film Studio. It is sometimes known as Mr. Black. The series was originally aired from 1984 to 1987. In June 2006, a rebroadcasting of the original series was announced. Critics bemoan the series' violence, and lack of suitability for children's education. Proponents of the show claim that it is merely for entertainment. Effendi "Effendi", meaning sir and teacher in Turkish, is the respectful name for people who own wisdom and knowledge. The hero's real name was Nasreddin. He was wise and witty and, more importantly, he had the courage to resist the exploitation of noblemen. He was also full of compassion and tried his best to help poor people. Adventure of Shuke and Beita【舒克与贝塔】 Adventure of Shuke and Beita (Chinese: 舒克和贝塔) is a classic animation by Zheng Yuanjie, who is known as King of Fairy Tales in China. Shuke and Beita are two mice who don't want to steal food like other mice. Shuke became a pilot and Beita became a tank driver, and the pair met accidentally and became good friends. Then they befriended a boy named Pipilu. With the help of PiPilu, they co-founded an airline named Shuke Beita Airlines to help other animals. Although there are only 13 episodes in this series, the content is very compact and attractive. The animation shows the preciousness of friendship and how people should be brave when facing difficulties. Even adults recalling this animation today can still feel touched by some scenes. Secrets of the Heavenly Book Secrets of the Heavenly Book, (Chinese: 天书奇谈) also referred to as "Legend of the Sealed Book" or "Tales about the Heavenly Book", was released in 1983. The film was produced with rigorous dubbing and fluid combination of music and vivid animations. The story is based on the classic literature "Ping Yao Zhuan", meaning "The Suppression of the Demons" by Feng Menglong. Yuangong, the deacon, opened the shrine and exposed the holy book to the human world. He carved the book's contents on the stone wall of a white cloud cave in the mountains. He was then punished with guarding the book for life by the jade emperor for breaking heaven's law. In order to pass this holy book to human beings, he would have to get by the antagonist fox. The whole animation is characterized by charming Chinese painting, including pavilions, ancient architecture, rippling streams and crowded markets, which fully demonstrate the unique beauty of China's natural scenery. Pleasant Goat and Big Big Wolf【喜洋洋与灰太狼】 Pleasant Goat and Big Big Wolf (Chinese:喜羊羊与灰太狼) is a Chinese animated television series. The show is about a group of goats living on the Green Pasture, and the story revolves around a clumsy wolf who wants to eat them. It is a popular domestic animation series and has been adapted into movies. Nezha Conquers the Dragon King（Chinese: 哪吒闹海） is an outstanding animation issued by the Ministry of Culture in 1979 and is based on an episode from the Chinese mythological novel "Fengshen Yanyi". A mother gave birth to a ball of flesh shaped like a lotus bud. The father, Li Jing, chopped open the ball, and beautiful boy, Nezha, sprung out. One day, when Nezha was seven years old, he went to the nearby seashore for a swim and killed the third son of the Dragon King who was persecuting local residents. The story primarily revolves around the Dragon King's feud with Nezha over his son's death. Through bravery and wit, Nezha finally broke into the underwater palace and successfully defeated him. The film shows various kinds of attractive sceneries and the traditional culture of China, such as spectacular mountains, elegant sea waves and exquisite ancient Chinese clothes. It has received a variety of awards. Havoc in Heaven The story of Havoc in Heaven（Chinese: 大闹天宫）is based on the earliest chapters of the classic story Journey to the West. The main character is Sun Wukong, aka the Monkey King, who rebels against the Jade Emperor of heaven. The stylized animation and drums and percussion accompaniment used in this film are heavily influenced by Beijing Opera traditions. The name of the movie became a colloquialism in the Chinese language to describe someone making a mess. Regardless that it was an animated film, it still became one of the most influential films in all of Asia. Countless cartoon adaptations that followed have reused the same classic story Journey to the West, yet many consider this 1964 iteration to be the most original, fitting and memorable, The Golden Monkey Defeats a Demon【金猴降妖】 The Golden Monkey Defeats a Demon (Chinese: 金猴降妖), also referred as "The Monkey King Conquers the Demon", is adapted from chapters of the Chinese classics "Journey to the West," or "Monkey" in the Western world. The five-episode animation series tells the story of Monkey King Sun Wukong, who followed Monk Xuan Zang's trip to the West to take the Buddhistic sutra. They met a white bone evil, and the evil transformed human appearances three times to seduce the monk. Twice Monkey King recognized it and brought it down. The monk was unable to recognize the monster and expelled Sun Wukong. Xuan Zang was then captured by the monster. Fortunately Bajie, another apprentice of Xuan Zang, escaped and persuaded the Monkey King to come rescue the monk. Finally, Sun kills the evil and saves Xuan Zang. The outstanding animation has received a variety of awards, including the 6th Hundred Flowers Festival Award and the Chicago International Children's Film Festival Award in 1989. McDull【麦兜】 McDull is a cartoon pig character that was created in Hong Kong by Alice Mak and Brian Tse. Although McDull made his first appearances as a supporting character in the McMug comics, McDull has since become a central character in his own right, attracting a huge following in Hong Kong. The first McDull movie McMug Story My Life as McDull documented his life and the relationship between him and his mother.The McMug Story My Life as McDull is also being translated into French and shown in France. In this version, Mak Bing is the mother of McDull, not his father. 4