电大卫生经济学课程平时作业小抄参考.doc

专业好文档卫生经济学课程平时作业（一） 第一章 卫生经济学概论名词解释1 卫生经济学2 资源的需缺性3 选择简答题1 经济学的分析方法2 经济学的两大领域3 卫生经济学的主要内容4 当前卫生经济学研究的热点问题第二章 卫生服务需求名词解释1 卫生服务需求和需要2 机会成本3 需求的价格弹性系数4 边际效用简答题1 需求和需要的区别，联系和政策的意义2 卫生服务需求的特点3 卫生服务需求的主要影响因素4 边际效用递减规律第三章 卫生服务供给名词解释1 卫生服务供给2 效益外在性3 供给的价格弹性系数4 生产函数5 边际收益递减规律6 边际技术替代率递减规律简答题1 卫生服务供给的特点2 卫生服务供给者在卫生服务提供过程中具有主导性的主要原因及其影响3 公共产品的特点4 卫生服务供给的主要影响因素5 柯布，道格拉斯生产函数的一般形式和式中和的经济意义第四章 医疗服务价格 名词解释1 市场均衡和均衡价格2 局部均衡与一般均衡3 政府管制价格简答题1 价格的传导信息功能2 价格的资源配置功能3 市场机制下价格的影响因素4 近期出台的新价格管理政策第五章 政府在卫生领域中的作用名词解释1 市场机制2 市场失灵简答题1 市场机制发挥作用的基本条件2 市场失灵的主要表现3 “经济人”理论4 政府干预的任务和范围5 政府干预的失灵及其表现论述题1 市场机制是如何发挥其调节资源配置作用的2 卫生领域中的政府财政职能及目前存在的问题第六章 卫生抽筹资和卫生总费用名词解释1卫生资金2卫生筹资3卫生总费用4卫生总费用对国内生产总值GDP的弹性系数简答题1简述卫生筹资的渠道。2卫生总费用有哪些主要影响因素？3哪些指标能够用于评价卫生总费用的筹资与使用？第七章 卫生资源优化配置名词解释1卫生资源2卫生资源配置3卫生资源优化配置简答题1分析何为卫生资源利用效率？2简述卫生资源配置的总原则和实际操作原则3哪些指标反映了卫生资源利用效率4简述卫生资源配置的步骤第八章 疾病经济负担分析名词解释1疾病经济负担2伤残失能调整生命年3减寿年数4年龄权重简答题1试举例说明为什么疾病经济负担的研究需要明确研究角度？2什么是间接疾病经济负担，主要包括哪些方面？3试述疾病经济负担研究对于确定卫生规划或卫生活动的重点有什么重要意义？第九章 医疗机构成本核算与成本分析名词解释1成本构成2固定成本3变动成本4半固定成本5半变动成本6直接成本7间接成本简答题1在医疗机构成本核算中为什么要核算固定成本和变动成本？2简述分解混合成本的两种主要方法3目前常用的间接成本分摊方法是什么？它的原则是什么？4简述医疗机构成本核算的基本步骤。第十章 卫生经济学评价名词解释1卫生经济学评价2资金的等值计算3贴现4成本效用分析5净现值曲线简答题1 为什么有必要进行卫生经济学评价？2 试举例说明为什么在进行卫生经济学评价中应该确定一定的分析角度。3 在卫生经济学评价中为什么要进行资金的等值计算？4 成本效果分析、成本效益分析和成本效用分析有那些区别与联系？5 在进行生命年计算时，为什么要对生命年进行质量调整？计算题1 某少年12岁生日时继承一笔遗产价值100万元，按遗嘱规定将该遗产存入银行，在该少年18岁生日可以动用。试问该少年18岁生日时可以获得多少金额的遗产？（年利率=3%）2某县医院向银行贷款100万元购买生化分析仪，贷款期限为5年，试问现在至少应该向银行存入多少资金？（年利率=3%）。3某医院拟预留资金3年后维修外科大楼，估计界时需要1000万元，试问现在至少应该向银行存入多少资金？（年利率=3%）第十一章 药品经济学基本理论名词解释1药品2药品经济学3通用药品4顺加作价5药品经济学评价6隐形成本7敏感性分析简答题1 为什么药品消费具有特殊性？2 简述药品经济学的主要研究内容。3 简述药品市场构成及其特点4 简述药品需求的主要影响因素5 药品出厂价、批发价、零售价之间存在哪些联系？6 简述药品经济学评价的基本步骤。7 列表比较药品经济评价的四种主要分析方法。8 简述药品经济学评价的成本分析中应包含哪些成本？论述题论述我国药品生产、经营和使用的基本情况、存在问题及对策Winger Tuivasa-Sheck, who scored two tries in the Kiwis' 20-18 semi-final win over England, has been passed fit after a lower-leg injury, while Slater has been named at full-back but is still recovering from a knee injury aggravated against USA.Both sides boast 100% records heading into the encounter but Australia have not conceded a try since Josh Charnley's effort in their first pool match against England on the opening day.Aussie winger Jarryd Hayne is the competition's top try scorer with nine, closely followed by Tuivasa-Sheck with eight.But it is recently named Rugby League International Federation player of the year Sonny Bill Williams who has attracted the most interest in the tournament so far.The Kiwi - with a tournament high 17 offloads - has the chance of becoming the first player to win the World Cup in both rugby league and rugby union after triumphing with the All Blacks in 2011."I'd give every award back in a heartbeat just to get across the line this weekend," said Williams.The (lack of) air up there Watch mCayman Islands-based Webb, the head of Fifa's anti-racism taskforce, is in London for the Football Association's 150th anniversary celebrations and will attend City's Premier League match at Chelsea on Sunday."I am going to be at the match tomorrow and I have asked to meet Yaya Toure," he told BBC Sport."For me it's about how he felt and I would like to speak to him first to find out what his experience was."Uefa has opened disciplinary proceedings against CSKA for the "racist behaviour of their fans" during City's 2-1 win.Michel Platini, president of European football's governing body, has also ordered an immediate investigation into the referee's actions.CSKA said they were "surprised and disappointed" by Toure's complaint. In a statement the Russian side added: "We found no racist insults from fans of CSKA." Baumgartner the disappointing news: Mission aborted.The supersonic descent could happen as early as Sunda.The weather plays an important role in this mission. Starting at the ground, conditions have to be very calm - winds less than 2 mph, with no precipitation or humidity and limited cloud cover. The balloon, with capsule attached, will move through the lower level of the atmosphere (the troposphere) where our day-to-day weather lives. It will climb higher than the tip of Mount Everest (5.5 miles/8.85 kilometers), drifting even higher than the cruising altitude of commercial airliners (5.6 miles/9.17 kilometers) and into the stratosphere. As he crosses the boundary layer (called the tropopause),e can expect a lot of turbulence.The balloon will slowly drift to the edge of space at 120,000 feet ( Then, I would assume, he will slowly step out onto something resembling an Olympic diving platform.They blew it in 2008 when they got caught cold in the final and they will not make the same mistake against the Kiwis in Manchester.Five years ago they cruised through to the final and so far history has repeated itself here - the last try they conceded was scored by England's Josh Charnley in the opening game of the tournament.That could be classed as a weakness, a team under-cooked - but I have been impressed by the Kangaroos' focus in their games since then.They have been concentrating on the sort of stuff that wins you tough, even contests - strong defence, especially on their own goal-line, completing sets and a good kick-chase. They've been great at all the unglamorous stuff that often goes unnoticed in the stands but not by your team-mates.It is as though their entire tournament has been preparation for the final.In Johnathan Thurston, Cooper Cronk, Cameron Smith and either Billy Slater or Greg Inglis at full-back they have a spine that is unmatched in rugby league. They have played in so many high-pressure games - a priceless asset going into Saturday.The Kiwis are a lot less experienced but winning a dramatic match like their semi-final against England will do wonders for their confidence.They defeated Australia in the Four Nations final in 2010 and the last World Cup, and know they can rise to the big occasion.