初中英语语法 一般过去时(精华版)课件.ppt

一般过去时The Simple Past Tense,3.结构,1.概念,2.时间,主语+动词的过去式,表示过去某个时 间发生的动作或存在的状态。,yesterday()last nightin 1990(过去的年)two days agojust now=a moment ago,now,past,future,句子结构,主语+动词过去式+其它（+时间状语）,注意：句子前面或是后面会有的时间状语：yesterday,last night,last weekend,last year,just now等。,另外一种形式:I was in Beijing.They were in the classroom.,be 动词的一般过去时表示过去某个时间存在的状态，通常和ago,last,yesterday,the day before yesterday,just now,a moment ago或者具体的过去的日期、年代连用。一般过去时中主语是第一人称或者第三人称单数、名词的单数形式时，谓语动词用was。当主语是第二人称或者复数形式时，谓语动词用were。,Be动词一般过去时肯定句：主语+be动词（was/were）+其他He was very busy yesterday.他昨天很忙。She was very sad last week.她上周很伤心。They were my friends.他们以前和我是朋友。I was in the classroom yesterday morning 昨天早上我在教室里。He was at school last Tuesday 上周二他在学校。They were over there a moment ago 刚才他们在那边。,Be动词一般过去时的否定句：主语+be动词（was/were）+not+其他I was not at home last night.我昨天晚上不在家。She was not tall when she was young.她小时候长的不高。We were not in Shanghai last year.我们去年不在上海。I was not(wasnt)here yesterday 昨天我不在这儿。My parents were not(werent)at home last Sunday 上周日我父母不在家。,Was the man at home yesterday?,No,he wasnt at home.He was in the classroom.,Were they in the park?,Yes,they were.,Be 动词一般过去时的特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be动词（was/were）+主语+其他+？Where were you yesterday afternoon?你昨天下午去哪里了？What was there in the cup then?那时，杯子里有什么？,()1 My fatherill yesterday A isnt B arent C wasnt D werent()2 your parents at home last week A Is B Was C Are D Were()3 The twinsin Dalian last year Theyhere now A are;were B were;are C was;are D were;was,C,D,B,()4 your father at work the dayyesterday A Was;before B Is;before C Was;after D Is;after()5 Who was on duty last Friday A I am B I was C Yes,I was D No,I wasnt,A,B,一、用be动词的适当形式填空 I _ at school just now.2.He _ at the camp last week.3.We _ students two years ago.4.They _ on the farm a moment ago.5.Yang Ling _ eleven years old last year.6.There _ an apple on the plate yesterday.7.There _ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.8.The mobile phone _ on the sofa yesterday evening.,was,was,were,were,was,was,was,was,二、句型转换 1.It was exciting.否定句：_ 一般疑问句：_ 肯、否定回答：_ 2.All the students were very excited.否定句：_ 一般疑问句：_ 肯、否定回答：_,It was not exciting.,Was it exciting?,Yes,it was.,No,it was not.,All the students were not very excited.,Were all the students very excited?,Yes,they were.,No,they were not.,对比构成：,一般现在时：主语+动词（原形或第三人称单数）+其他。,I study English every morning.,现在进行时：be+动词-ing 表示现在进行时。,We are doing the homework now.,一般过去时：主语+动词过去式-ed+其它（+时间状语）,I went to Guangzhou yesterday.,一般过去时的否定句:,1、在表示过去的时间发生的动作句子中，要在动词的前面加助动词didnt，然后把动词改为原形。即：didnt+动词原形如：,She swam in the river last weekend.,She didnt swim in the river last weekend.,2、在动词为be的一般过去式的句子中，在was/were后面加not.即：was/were not.,I was happy last night.,I wasnt happy last night.,一般疑问句：,1、将did放在句首，其余位置不变，动词变为原形。,John watched TV last night.,Did John watch TV last night?,2、将be(was/were)放在句首,其余位置不变。,It was hot yesterday.,Was it hot yesterday?,肯定回答：Yes,was/were.否定回答：No,was/were.,肯定回答：Yes,did.否定回答：No,didnt.,Did the man cook breakfast this morning?,Yes,he did.,Did the boy play basketball yesterday afternoon?,No,he didnt play basketball.He played football.,Did she?,Yes,she did.,No,she didnt.,washed some clothes,Did she.?,Yes,she did.,No,she didnt.,cleaned the house,Did he?,Yes,he did.,No,he didnt.,saw a film on TV,一般过去时的特殊疑问句：,What did you do yesterday?,Where did they draw pictures in the art room in the afternoon?,Who cleaned the floor yesterday?,When did John go to Guangzhou?,How did they go to school?,What did she do?,She cooked a big meal.,What did he do?,He painted a picture.,What did she do?,She marked the pupils homework.,Where did you go last Sunday?,I went to Baiyun Hill.,What time did he go to school this morning?,He went to school at eight oclock.,Who marked the pupils homework yesterday?,She was Miss Lin,Miss Lin,动词过去式的构成,规则动词regular verbs,不规则动词irregular verbs,规则动词过去式的构成,构成规则,例词,1、一般在动词原形末尾加 ed look looked play played start started2、结尾是 e 的动词只加-d live lived hope hoped use used,3、末尾只有一个辅音字母的 重读闭音节词，先双写这 个辅音字母，再加ed,stop stoppedplan plannedtrip tripped,4、结尾是“辅音字母+y”的词，先变“y”为“i”再加ed,study studiedcarry carried,5 想thinkthought，买 buybought,6“抓”catchcaught“教学”teachtaught,7.ow/aw 改为 ew,建造buildbuilt，花 钱/时间spendspent借给别人lendlent，寄sendsent,（装备）ought,带着bringbrought，打仗 fightfought,aught是关键,知道know knew，长大growgrew，扔throwthrew，画画drawdrew,8结尾d变t：,1.过去式与原形一样：,让 letlet（你）,放putput(下）,砍,剪cut cut(刀）来,读书readread,（以免）受伤hurt hurt,花钱 cost cost,跑runran,过来 come came,坐下sitsat，,给givegave（杯）,喝drinkdrank（的），,开始beginbegan,唱歌singsang,游泳swimswam,2.变元音字母为a:,3.中间去e末尾加t：sleepslept 睡觉 sweepswept 拖地 keepkept 保持 feelfelt 感觉,不规则动词表,2.riderode骑(车)3.drivedrove开(车)”,1.写 writewrote,4.把i 变成o,剩余不规则动词表,Infinitive Past Tense am,is are do go havemake get,Infinitive Past Tense eat say seestand find,was were did went had made got,ate said saw stood found,practice,am,is are begin bring buy cut come*do draw drink drive,*eat feel build*find fight*get give*go*haveteach sing,was were began brought bought cut came did drew drank drove,ate felt built found fought got gave went had taught sang,grow put read run sweep*see sit sleep spend catch swim write,grew put read ran swept saw sat slept spent caught swam wrote,look playhopeusestartlive stopplan study carry,looked,played,started,lived,used,hoped,stopped,planned,studied,carried,写出下列动词的过去式：,help-,call-,prepare-,love-,worry-,study-,stop-,skip-,is-,are-,do-,go-,say-,see-,get-,feel-,have-,helped,called,prepared,loved,worried,studied,stopped,skipped,was,were,did,went,said,saw,got,felt,had,闯关练习,He here yesterday.(be),was,I up at 6:00 yesterday morning.(get),got,you a good time last Sunday?(have),Did have,My father often to work by bus last year.(go),went,I often to pop music 3 years ago.(listen),listened,He usually in the pool in 2002.(swim),swam,5.I _(see)a film with Ann yesterday.,2.She _(be)at school this morning.,4.He _(do not)live in Guangzhou before2000,1._(be)you busy yesterday afternoon?,3.Jane and Ann _(be not)friends before.,Were,was,werent,didnt,saw,6.Did you _(call)me last Sunday?,8.Where _(do)you live last year?,7.What _ you _(do)last night?,9.What time did you _(get)up this morning?,10.How _ you _(go)to school before?,call,did,do,did,get,did,go,I _(be)ill last Sunday.Amy _(sit)here yesterday._ you _(clean)your room just now.My sister _(be)born on June 5.1996._(be)your parents at home just now?He _(study)French here last year.She _(do)homework last night.They _(go)to the zoo yesterday morning.We _(have)a party last Saturday.Joy _(visit)me yesterday evening.They _(live)here two years ago.He _(be)here a moment ago.,was,sat,Did clean,was,Were,studied,did,went,had,visited,lived,was,升级练习,拓展练习,1、Lucy did her homework at home yesterday.Lucy _ _ her homework at home yesterday.改否定句 _ Lucy _ her homework at home yesterday?一般疑问句2、I ate some meat just now.I _ _ any meat just now否定句 _ you _ any meat just now?一般疑问句,didnt doDid do didnt eat Did eat,改写句子：,Lucy does her homework at home everyday Lucy _ _ her homework at home everyday._ Lucy _ her homework at home everyday?,doesnt,Does do,do,3.They stayed there for a week They _ _ there for a week _ they _ there for a week?4.There was some orange in the cup yesterday.（Be动词出现）_ _ _ orange in the cup yesterday._ there _ orange in the cup yesterday?,didnt stay Did stay There wasnt any Was any,规则,一般过去时并不难，主语+动词+时间。动词要用过去式，主语忽略不用管。*否定句超简单，didnt 站在动词原形前，其它部分都不变。*一般疑问句也好变，did放在句子前，主语、动词原形、其它 依次站。,过去时态是重点，过去动词是关键，不规则动词是难点，要想掌握需多练,总结：,