分词作状语ppt课件.ppt

复习:分 词 有关 用 法,一.分词可分为:(以do为例),(doing),(done),二.现在分词与过去分词区别：,区别,现在分词 过去分词,现在分词()过去分词(),主动、正在进行,被动、已经完成,复习练习一：根据汉语意思,用所给 动词的现在分词或过去分词填空,a film 动人的电影 a mother 受感动的妈妈,(主动),(被动),a leaf 一片飘落的树叶a leaf 一片落叶,(正在进行),(已经完成),moving,moved,1.move,2.fall,falling,fallen,复习练习二:分词做表语,定语,宾补用法,她现在好累.这工作累人.,She is very.,The work is.,1.表语:,运用现在分词或过去分词完整句子,tired,tiring,这就是那只吓人的老虎.这就是受了惊吓的女孩.（frighten）,This is the tiger.,This is the girl.,2.1 定语（单个分词）,frightening,frightened,Can you translate?spoken English；()iced beer()；cooked food();fried chips();,一、动词-ed形式作定语,表示何种意义?,英语口语,冰冻啤酒,熟食,炸土豆条,Think about:,前置的过去分词作用相当于?,形容词,被动与完成,但要注意不及物动词的过去分词常表示“完成”的动作,而不表示“被动”意义。如:boiled water(开水);fallen leaves(落叶)the risen sun(升起的太阳)等。,1.The tall man is a returned student 高个子的那个人是个归国留学生。2.My parents are both retired teachers 我的父母都是退休教师。zxxk,(1)前置定语 单个的动词-ed形式,一般放在被修饰的名词的前面,作前置定语。The excited people rushed into building.激动的人们冲进大楼。(=the people who were excited)Lost time can never be found again 虚度的时光,无法挽回。(=time which is lost),(2)后置定语 单个动词的-ed形式,如left等,只能作后置定语。1.Everything used should be marked 所有用过的东西应该做好标记。2.Among the people invited were some ladies 被邀请的人中,有些是女士。3.The books left are for my students 剩下的书是给我的学生的。,动词-ed形式短语作定语时，通常要放在被修饰的名词的后面，在意思上相当于一个定语从句。1.Is there anything planned for tonight?今晚有什么活动吗?(=that has been planned for tonight)2.The meeting,attended by a lot of people,was a success 这次会议有很多人出席,开得很成功。(=which was attended by a lot of people),Most of the artists to the party were from South Africa.A.invited B.to invite C.being invited D.had been invited,高考题,2)The first text books for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.A.having written B.to be written C.being written D.written,3)The Olympic games,in 776 BC,didnt include women players until 1912.A.first playing B.to be first played C.first played D.to be first playing,4)Prices of daily foods through a computer can be lower than prices in stores.A.are bought B.bought C.been bought D.buyingzxxk,5)Mr.Smith,_ of the speech,started to read a _ novel.A.tired,boring B.tiring,bored C.tired,bored D.tiring,boring,过去分词作表语并无“完成”或“被动”之意，而是表示主语的状态或思想感情等。如：He looked worried after reading the letter看完信后,他显得很忧虑。When we heard of it,we were deeply moved当我们听到这件事时,被深深地感动了。He seemed quite delighted at the idea 听到这个想法,他似乎很高兴。,二、动词-ed形式作表语,常见的作表语的过去分词有:amused(愉快的)；broken(碎了的)；closed(关闭的)；astonished(吃惊的)；crowded(拥挤的)；experienced(有经验的);delighted(高兴的)；lost(丢失的)；gone(遗失的)；disappointed(失望的)；worried(担忧的)；interested(感兴趣的)tired(疲劳的)pleased(高兴的)；satisfied(满意的)；surprised(吃惊的);married(已婚的)；known(著名的)等等,作表语的-ed形式可被much,very,quite等所修饰。I was very pleased at the news 听了这消息我很高兴。He grew much tired of the work 他十分厌倦这工作。He seemed quite delighted at the idea.听了这想法他似乎很高兴。,Cleaning women in big cities usually get _ by the hour.A.pay B.paying C.paid D.to pay2)As we joined the big crowd I got _ from my friends.A.separated B.spared C.lost D.missed,高考题,3)The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain _ as the plane was making a landing.A.seat B.seating C.seated D.to be seating,过去分词作宾补,I found our school changed a lot.I want to get my hair cut tomorrow.,动作已经完成。,被动.,红色字体作什么语法成分？,.表示？,.表示？,三、动词-ed形式作宾语补足语,1.表“希望，要求”的动词以如下结构出现：want,wish,expect,like,order,Our headteacher ordered the classroom clean.,2.表“感觉，心理状态”的动词：,see,hear,feel watch,notice,find,We heard Class6 praise(表扬)by the headmaster yesterday.,People found the water in Oujiang River polluting.,I want the homework hand by Friday.,下列兰色句中划线部分单词用得对吗？如果不对请改正。,handed,cleaned,praised,polluted,+sth.done,sth(to be)done,3.使役动词make,get,have,keep+sth.done,I want to get my cell phone to repair tomorrow.,4.介词短语作宾补 with,without+sth.done.,Do you know the teacher with his hair cutting short?,They left without their homework finish.,finished,cut,repaired,1)-Good morning.Can I help you?-Id like to have this package _,madam.A.be weighed B.to be weighed C.to weigh D.weighed,高考题,2)Mrs.Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had _ went wrong again.A.it B.it repaired C.repaired D.to be repaired,Summary:,分词作前置定语相当于形容词,作后置定语可变为定语从句.作表语表示主语的状态或思想感情.作宾补分四类:1):感觉和心理状态 2)使役动词3)表示希望、要求、命 令等动词4)“with+宾语+宾补”,过去分词做状语,Warming up What clauses do you know?,1.When it rains,Ill go to school by bus.,时间状语从句,2.As the day was fine,they decided to go on a trip.,原因状语从句,3.If I go to the Great Wall tomorrow,would you like to come along?,条件 状 语从句,4.Although they did heavy work that day,they were all in high spirits.,让步状 语从句,A.现在分词作状语学与练,把划线部分改写成分词短语并说明其功能,1.1.When they saw their teacher,the students stood up.,Seeing their teacher,the students stood up.,*现在分词动作的发出者是(),句子主语,*现在分词短语作(),时间状语,1.2.After they had finished their homework,they went home.,Having finished their homework,they went home.,*现在分词短语作(),*Having finished their homework表现的动作在went home(),故用分词的().,时间状语,之前,完成式,2.Because he was ill,he couldnt go to school.,Being ill,he couldnt go to school.,*现在分词短语 作原因状语,3.If you work harder at English,you will make greater progress.,Working harder at English,you will make greater progress.,*现在分词短语 作条件状语,4.Although they felt very tired，they kept running.,*Feeling very tired,they kept running.,现在分词短语 作让步状语,5.The children came into the classroom,and they laughed and talked.(并列句),*The children came into the classroom,laughing and talking.,*现在分词短语 作伴随或方式状语,*Laughing and talking,the children came into the classroom.,*不可改成相应状语从句,把下列划线部分改写成分词短语,并说明其功能,B.过去分词作状语学与练,1.When she was asked why she did it,she began to cry.,*Asked why she did it,she began to cry.,*过去分词短语作时间状语,*从句的动词用的是被动语态,*过去分词的动作由主语承受,2.Because he was moved by her words,he decided to help the poor boy.,*Moved by her words,he decided to help the poor boy.,*过去分词短语作原因状语,3.If I am given more time,Ill catch up with you.,*Given more time,Ill catch up with you.,*过去分词短语作条件状语,4.Although they had been defeated many times，they continued to fight.,*Defeated many times,they continued to fight.,=Although defeated many times,they continued to fight.,*过去分词短语作让步状语,*为使状语含义更加明确，有时在过去分词前可加上适当连词,*Once used,the car will never be sold again.(once“一旦”),=Once it is used,the car will never be sold again.,*When heated,water turns into steam.,=When water is heated,water turns into steam.,六.分词短语作状语须注意的问题:,练习:判断正误并改正,1.Standing at the top of the hill,we can see Shiyan Town.,(),*现在分词所表示的动作由句子的主语发出,=When we stand at the top of the hill,we can see Shiyan Town.,2.Seen from the top of the hill,we cansee Shiyan Town.,(),*Seen from the top of the hill,Shiyan Town can be seen clearly.,*过去分词表示的动作由句子的主语承受,=when it is seen from the top of the hill,Shiyan Town can be seen clearly.,3.Moved deeply by what he said,so he decided to help the poor girl.,(),*去掉so,*分词短语作状语,不能和连词连用.,Because he was moved deeply by what he said,so he decided to help the poor girl.,(),4.When visited at night,you must make sure the visitor is really your friend.,(),=When you are visited,you must make sure the visitor is really your friend.,5.The teacher came into the classroom,following by six students.,(),The teacher came into the classroom,followed by six students.,*过去分词的动作由主语承受,而现在分词的动作有主语发出.,6.Although laughed at by others,he didnt give up his hope.,(),=Although he was laughed at by others,he didnt give up his hope.,1.While he was watching TV,he heard a knock at the door.2.If the town is seen from the top of the hill,it looks more beautiful.,Do you know which clause it belongs to?,时间状语从句,条件状语从句,3.As the watch is used for a long time,it needs repairing.4.The boy will be blind in both eyes unless he is treated on time.5.Though he had seen told many times he couldnt understand it.,原因状语从句,条件状语从句,让步状语从句,Seen from the space,the earth looks blue.,When the earth is seen from space,the earth looks blue.,Kept in refrigerator,these vegetables will remain fresh.,If these vegetables are kept in refrigerator,these vegetables will remain fresh.,二、探究与体验：请观察下列各组句子之间的变化关系，并学会模仿。,总结：-ed分词短语在两个例句中分别作_、_.其逻辑主语为_且与分词之间为_,时间状语,条件状语,被动关系/动宾关系,句子的主语,表示原因,表示伴随情况,表示让步,Deeply moved,the children began to cry.,As they were deeply moved,the children began to cry.,She walked out of the house,followed by her little daughter.,She walked out of the house,and she was followed by her little daughter.,Beaten by the enemy,he refused to let out the secret.,Although he was beaten by the enemy,he refused to let out the secret.,Observe,1.Seen from space,the earth looks like a big blue ball.2.Moved by the film,he started crying.3.Heated,water changes into steam.4.Defeated again,he didnt lose heart.5.The professor went into the courtyard,followed by his wife.,When it is,Because he was,If it is,Although he was,and he was,adverbial 状语,时间状语,原因,条件,让步,伴随状语,(When it is)seen from space,the earth looks like a big blue ball.(Because he was)moved by the film,he started crying.(If it is)heated,water changes into steam.(Although he was)defeated again,he didnt lose heart.The professor went into the courtyard,(and he was)followed by his wife.,时间状语,原因状语,条件状语,让步状语,伴随状语,-ed分词（短语）作状语时，也可在其前面加上连词_等，以便明确作何种状语。,when,if,once,though,unless,When it is seen from space,the earth looks like a big blue ball.Because he was moved by the film,he started crying.If it is heated,water changes into steam.,When seen from space,the earth looks like a big blue ball,Because moved by the film,he started crying,If heated,water changes into steam,Summary:the functions of v-ed form as adverbials.,过去分词(past participles)或过去分词短语(past participial phrases)作状语是英语中常见的语言现象，可表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。,独立结构,主语+分词短语+主谓结构(A,C中的主语不同）A C独立结构和分词短语一样可以用作状语表时间、原因、条件等。,1.Our homework done,we went home.After our homework was done,we went home.,2.Her glasses broken,she couldnt see the words on the blackboard.Because her glasses is broken,she couldnt see the words on the blackboard.,Everything taken into consideration,her plan seems more practicable.,with 引出的独立结构通常表示伴随情况或补充说明,有时也具有时间、条件、原因等含义。,with+宾语+现在分词:表正在发生或进行的主动意义with+宾语+过去分词：表已完成的被动意义I cant concentrate upon my work with the children playing so noisily outside my window.孩子们在窗外闹得很厉害，我无法集中精力工作。,With the first point agreed on,we turned our negotiation to another.第一点取得一致意见后，我们的谈判便转至另一点。,With John working in New York and Lucy traveling most of the week,the house seems empty.,Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in the box.,1)When _ in spring,the hills are covered with flowers.2)_ as one of the loveliest places in China,Yunnan is now visited by many tourists.,visited,Known,Practice,3)_ in the streets,we decided to ask for help.4)_ into a Naxi home,you should accept with pleasure.5)If _ something you dont want to eat,just refuse politely.,given,Invited,Lost,分词作状语和独立结构的练习,1.(write)in haste,the composition is full of mistakes.2.(be)short of money,they had to spend the night in a small hotel.3.All things(consider),he has done his best.,Written,Being,considered,5.The weather(be)so terrible,we had to spend the day at home watching TV.7.We couldnt help them,(be)so poor ourselves.8.He rushed off,even(forget)to take his overcoat.,being,being,forgetting,9.Weather(permit),the spaceship will be launched tomorrow.10.(give)more time,I could perform my duty more satisfactorily.11.(judge)from last years experience,the coach knows he should not expect too much of his team.,permitting,Given,Judging,13.I stayed up all night to find a new solution to the problem.trying B.have tried C.tryD.tried14.with the developed countries,some African countries are left far behind in terms of peoples living standard.CompareB.To compareC.ComparedD.Comparing,A,C,15.,the Smiths went out for a swim in the lake.It was hotB.The day was hotC.It is hotD.The day being hot,D,组a、表示时间,Seen from the space,the earth looks blue.,When the earth is seen from space,the earth looks blue.,组b、表示条件,Kept in refrigerator,these vegetables will remain fresh.,If these vegetables are kept in refrigerator,these vegetables will remain fresh.,思考：句中划线部分表示什么，起什么作用？,二、探究与体验：请观察下列各组句子之间的变化关系，并学会模仿。,作状语,组c、表示原因,组d、表示伴随情况,组e、表示让步,Deeply moved by the story,the children began to cry.,As they were deeply moved,the children began to cry.,She walked out of the house,followed by her little daughter.,She walked out of the house,and she was followed by her little daughter.,Beaten by the enemy,he refused to let out the secret.,Although he was beaten by the enemy,he refused to let out the secret.,-ed 分词作状语,1.-ed分词短语做状语可表示_等意义。这种-ed分词短语相当于一个_，若-ed分词作状语，分词的主语通常是整个句子的主语，句子的主语与分词所表示的动作构成 _，即是该分词动作的承受者。,时间、地点、原因、,条件、让步、伴随,时间、地点、原因、条件、,让步等状语从句,动宾关系,2.-ed分词（短语）作状语时，也可在其前面加上连词_等，以便明确作何种状语。,when,if,once,though,unless,虽然输了，但我们并没有泄气。,_(=_),we were not discouraged.,Though beaten,一旦尝过一次，这道菜的美味就难以让人忘怀。,_(=_),the dish is hard to forget.,Once tasted,Though we were beaten,Once it is tasted,哪里发现老鼠，就在哪里把它消灭。,Rats should be wiped out _(=_).,where found,where they are found,3.过去分词作状语与现在分词作状语的区别在于:过去分词与句子主语构成_,而现在分词与句子主语构成_。判断正确：（T/F）Seeing in this light,the matter is not as serious as people generally suppose.Seen in this light,the matter is not as serious as people generally suppose.,动宾关系,主谓关系,F,T,