“现在完成进行时”用法归纳课件.ppt

Present Perfect Continuous Tense,I have been colecting shells for five years.,I started to collect shells five years ago.,He began to collect coins two years ago.,He has been collecting coins for two years.,现在完成进行时含义：表示从过去某时开始，一直延续到现在的一个动作；该动作有可能继续延续下去。,进行时 I am reading the book.完成时 I have read the book.现在完成进行时 I have been reading the book.,现在正在读,已经读过,过去到截至说话为止，一直在读,现在完成进行时表示某动作从过去某个时间开始，一直延续到现在，并且还有可能持续下去,也可能刚刚停止。肯定句 主语+have(has)been+现在分词(doing)现在完成时的被动语态 主语+have(has)been+过去分词(done)疑问句 Have(Has)+主语+been+现在分词(doing)？,一.现在完成进行时的定义和结构,eg.1.It has been raining for three days.雨下了三天了。2.We have been waiting for him for two hours.我们等他等了两个小时。3.你一整天都在写吗？Have you been writing all the day?4.雨下了多久了？How long has it been raining?,现在完成进行时,1.表示“持续”即表示一个从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作，这动作可能刚刚停止，也可能还在进行。eg.1)The children have been having a lot of fun.孩子们一直玩得很开心。2)她很累。她干了一早晨了。She is very tired.She has been working all morning.3)The tobacco industry has been trying to improve its image.烟草行业一直在试图改善其形象。,二.现在完成进行时的用法,2.重复的动作表示感情色彩现在完成时表示一直到说话时为止的一段时间内一再重复的动作，常带有感情色彩。eg.1)We have all along been making mistakes like this.我们一直犯这样的错误。2)Jim has been phoning Jenny every night for the past week.一星期以来吉姆每天晚上给詹妮打电话。,二.现在完成进行时的用法,现在完成进行时所用的时间状语：all day/month;this month/week/year;all the time，all ones life,these days;recently/lately;in the past few+时间段;since+时间点;for+时间段,等。eg.1.He has been working all day.他整天都在工作。2.Car sales have been shrinking recently.汽车销量近来一直在下降。,三.与现在完成进行连用的主要时间状语,They have been working for two hours.,1)for和表示一段时间的词组连用,从6点起他们一直在跑。,They have been running since six oclock.,自从我出生以来就一直住在这里。,2)since 和表示过去某一时刻的词或词组连用,I have been living here since I was born.,3)since后可跟句子，句子时态多用一般过去时,他们已经工作了2个小时。,I.用for或since填空。,They have been learning Chinese _ they came to China.2.I havent seen her _ a long time.3.He has been living here _ 2001.4.She has been doing her homework _ two hours.5.Its 5 years _ we left school.6.-How long has Mary been a teacher?-_ two years ago.,Have a try.,since,for,since,for,since,Since,Im tired because Ive been running.我很累因为我一直跑到现在。（强调动作一直进行并持续到现在）对比：Im tired because Ive run.我累了因为我跑了。（强调动作已完成）,3.现在完成进行时可以表示一个从过去某时开始一直在进行并持续到现在的动作。这个动作刚刚结束，对现在有影响。,You have been cleaning the classroom,I think.我想你刚才一直在打扫教室。（言外之意：Your clothes are covered with dust.),1.现在完成时强调动作的已完成，着重结果，而现在完成进行时强调动作仍在进行，强调动作的持续性。因此，表示动作的完成，只能用现在完成时，而不能用现在完成进行时。eg.He has changed his idea.他改变了想法。,四.现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别,He has read the book.他读过那本书了。He has been reading the book.他一直在读那本书。,The students have been preparing for the exam.（还在进行）学生们一直在准备考试。The students have prepared for the exam.（已经结束）学生们为考试作了准备。,2.在表示动作的延续时，虽然既可用现在完成时，也可用现在 完成进行时，但现在完成进行时强调动作的进行。因此在需 要明确表示动作还要持续下去时，应用现在完成进行时。eg.We have been studying here for two years.我们在这儿已经学习了两年了。,四.现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别,现在完成进行时更强调动作的延续性，它是现在完成时的强调形式。Weve been living here for ten years.Weve lived here for ten years.我们在这儿已经住了十年了。,3.在许多情况下，现在完成时表示动作已经完成，而现在 完成进行时却并非如此。eg.1)He has cleaned the window.他把窗户擦干净了。(动作已完成)2)He has been cleaning the window.他一直在擦窗户。(动作不一定完成),四.现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别,4.有些表示状态、感情、感觉的动词如：have,exist,love,like,hate,hear,see,sound,know,be,等动词不能用于现在完成进行时，但可用于现在完成时。eg.1)I have known him for many years.我认识他有许多年了。2)The war has lasted for a long time.这场战争持续了很长时间。,四.现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别,5.现在完成时与现在完成进行时的相通性：在表达一个从过 去开始而现在仍在继续或刚刚结束的动作时，某些动词既 可以用现在完成时，也可以用现在完成进行时，意思差别 不大。eg.1)Ive lived/been living here for 30 years.我在这儿住了30年了。2)How long have you worked/been working here?你在这里工作多久了?,四.现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别,巩固练习 单项填空,1.Tom _ in the library every night over the last three months.A.works B.worked C.has been working D.had been working C。over the last three months 的意思是“在过去的三个月 期间”，这类时间状语通常通常与现在完成时或现在完成进行时 连用，四个选项中只有C符合此要求。,has been working,巩固练习 单项填空,2.Now that she is out of a job,Lucy _ going back to school,but she hasnt decided yet.A.had considered B.has been considering C.considered D.is going to consider B。根据but she hasnt decided yet(尚未决定)可知，从开始失业时起一直在考虑再去上学，现在还在考虑。表示从过去某一时刻开始一直到现在，并且现在依然在发生的动作，用现在完成进行时，现在完成进行时由“have/has been doing”构成，所以选B。,has been considering,Tom _ in the library every night over the last three months.(2011北京卷)A.worksB.worked C.has been working D.had been working答案：C解析：根据时间状语over the last three months可知，句子应该用现在完成进行时。句意为：在过去三个月中，汤姆每个夜晚都在图书馆中工作。,高考真题,I have to see the doctor because I a lot lately.(2010陕西)A.have been coughing B.had coughed C.coughed D.cough答案：A 解析：由时间状语lately可知此处表示现阶段一直在进行的动作或存在的状态，且强调其持续性，用现在完成进行时，选A。,巩固练习 单项填空,3.I have got a headache.No wonder.You _ in front of that computer too long.A.work B.are working C.have been working D.worked C。由于在电脑前工作太久，所以导致了现在头痛的结果，故空格处应填现在完成时或现在完成进行时，即答案选C。,has been working,巩固练习 单项填空,4.Im sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final.I think so.He _ for it for months.A.is preparing B.was preparing C.had been preparing D.has been preparing D。根据句中的will win the first prize in the final可知，决赛还没有举行，所以下文谈到的“准备”指的肯定是从过去一直持续到现在的情况，故用现在完成进行时。,has been preparing,Ann is very tired,because she _(work)hard for a week.2)I _(talk)to Tom about your problem.3)How long _ you _(smoke)?4)George _(not feel)very well recently.5)Kevin _(study)for three hours.,1.Complete each of the sentences with the proper form of the verb in the brackets.,has been working,have talked,have been smoking,hasnt been feeling,has been studying,You see a little boy.His eyes are red and watery.(cry)2)You have just arrived to meet your friend who is waiting for you.(wait long)3)Your friend comes in.His face and hands are very dirty.(do),2.Ask a question for each situation.The first one has been done as an example.,Why have you been crying?,How long have you been waiting for me?,What have you been doing?,4)You see Bob and Bill wearing sweatshirts and carrying tennis rackets.(play tennis)5)Your friend has just come back from the beach.He is suntanned.(lie in the sun)6)You see two girls carrying bags and packages from a well-known department store.(shop),Have you been playing tennis?,Have you been lying in the sun?,Have you been shopping in the department store?,THANKS,