常规完井技术应用—威德福(中英对照)课件.ppt

常规完井技术应用conventional completion technique application,单层完井single zone completion 机械式封隔器mechanical packer,封隔器隔开套管和产层pay formation提供井控手段offer well-control means防止套管腐蚀Guard against the casing from etching 锚定油管柱anchor tubing string,封隔器选择:packer selection张力座封tension set packerPAD-1,PADL-1压缩座封compression set packerQDG,QDH,Ultra-Lok,PR-3电缆座封wireline set packerWDG,WDH各种附件及配套工具accessories and matching equipment,单层完井single zone completion水力座封封隔器hydrostatic set packer,封隔器座封时不动油管keep tub when setting packer常用于海上,因有安全阀控制管线不能转动油管onshore,cant rotate because of relief-valve control line能一次起下钻安装-节省钻井时间be set during one trip for saving drilling time能在井口完工后更换封隔液-增加安全性can displace packer fluid after completing wellhead work,and for improve security需要油管堵塞装置座封封隔器need plug tools for setting packer钢丝投捞器wire fisher球座式ballseat style可钻式堵塞器drillable packer封隔器选择:HPR,单层完井single zone completion 密封筒封隔器seal bore packer,坚固可靠firmness and security寿命长longer-lived一般具有较大内径Oridinarily have the greater inside diameter 分永久式或可回收式permanent and retrievable根据油管活动要求,生产管柱可以锚定也可以自由悬挂 production tubing can be anchorage or free hanging according to working tuning requirements可以将封隔器堵塞,用作暂时或永久性桥塞packer plug acted as temporary or permanent plug永久性封隔器可以通过磨铣作业取出permanent plug can be retrieve by milling operation可回收式密封筒封隔器用回收工具一次单独起下钻取出retrievable seal bore packer can be retrieve by one trip封隔器选择:ArrowdrillHydro-Pak,单层完井single zone completion 带定位密封总成的密封筒封隔器locator seal assembly seal bore packer with locator seal assembly,位于加长密封筒的定位密封总成可以允许由于压力和温度的变化所造成的油管移动 variety of temperature and pressure creates locator seal assembly on the extended seal bore travel 一般因为:by reason of:封隔液比重变化variety of packe fluid density压裂或酸化作业Fracture either acidifies the task 生产produce关井shut in各种能满足环境需要的密封:all kinds of packing materials met all conditions温度范围temperature range压力条件pressure conditions液体环境liquid conditions成本cost可与油管传送射孔配合使用cooperated with tubing conveyed perforating,滑套,流动短节,定位密封总成,密封筒封隔器,密封隔离短节,密封延伸筒,油管密封短节,生产油管production tubing,油管短节,流动短节,座入短节,带孔衬管,止动短节,单层完井single zone completion 回接筒(PBR)tie back barrel,带双上密封筒封隔器能获得最大液流面积.gain the most fluid area with upper upper double-seal bore封隔器上方的回接筒适应油管移动tie back barrel on the packer adapt tubing travel剪切释放定位器能一次起下钻安装水力座封封隔器shear actuated releasing locator can set hydrostatic set packer 大内径适合过油管射孔greater inside diameter adapt to tubing perforation,定位密封总成locator seal assembly,可取式封隔器回接筒retrievable packer tie back sleeve,锚定油管密封短节locator tubing packoff nipple,水力座封密封筒封隔器,磨铣延伸筒,变扣接头,座封短节,单层完井多层选择完井multilayer selection completion,永久型封隔器用于多油层完井permanent packer adapts to mutizone reservoir completion利用滑套进行选择性分层生产或停产selective zonal production or shut in using sliding sleeve根据油管移动的需要,可以锚定也可以自由悬挂according to tubing reciprocation requirements,anchor or free hang在生产层段下入加厚油管,防止流体冲蚀油管heavy weight tubings in production zone avoid tubing erosion,流动短节,滑套,密封筒封隔器,密封延伸筒,油管密封短节tubing packoff nipple,流动短节,座封短节,耐磨短节/加厚油管,抛光短节polished nipple,流动短节,滑套,密封筒封隔器,密封延伸筒,密封隔离短节,油管密封短节,油管短节,止动短节,生产油管,单层完井标准双管完井standardized double strings completion,允许不受层间干扰的分采allow uninterruptable selective production为了安全起见，井口安装好后进行座封封隔器等作业for security,set packer after installing wellhead equipment允许修井作业的可回收式完井系统allow retrievable completion system底部封隔器可以选用永久封隔器，完井时进行配管的定位器。Take bottom packer as permanent packer,流动短节,座入短节,流动短节,流动短节,流动短节,滑套,短管座封短节,双水力式可收回双管封隔器,座入短节,流动短节,投球式加压短节,落球促动压力接头,带孔衬管,带孔衬管,止动短节,止动短节,带销式油管鞋pin type tubing shoe,座入短节,耐磨油管/加厚油管wear tubing/heavy weight tubing,抛光短节,滑套,水力式可收回封隔器hydraulic retrievable packer,座入短节,油管鞋,单层完井多层双管选择性完井multilayer double strings selection completion,地层可以通过滑套选择开采selective zonal production using sliding sleeve为了安全，可在井口安装完后对封隔器进行座封等作业for security,set packer after installing wellhead equipment水力座封式封隔器可以通过设定剪断销钉的值顺序座封set hydrostatic set packer using setting coefficient of shear pin用于修井作业的可回收式完井系统retrievable completion system for workover,座入短节,滑套,短管柱座入短节,双管可收回封隔器,伸缩接头,安全接头,座入短节,抗磨油管/加厚油管,抛光短节,滑套,安全接头,反扣安全接头,止动短节,座入短节,抗磨/加厚油管,抗磨/加厚油管,抛光短节,抛光短节,滑套,滑套,定位管密封总成,密封筒封隔器,座入短节,油管密封短节,密封筒封隔器,止动短节,可回收式生产封隔器retrievable production packer,可回收式封隔器retrievable packer,特点:结构紧凑compact structure丁形槽控制，座封和解封简单T-slot control,setting or releasing easily剪切环辅助解封/右旋安全接头紧急解封/摇座式卡瓦,shear ring supplementary releasing,right hand safety sub emergency releasing,rocker type slip能够在浅油层座封setting in shallow oil zone有几种尺寸的大内径型(PADL-1),PAD-1 张力座封机械式生产封隔器,应用于生产、注水、层间隔离的经济型封隔器economical packer for production,flooding,zone isolation,可回收式封隔器retrievable packer,特点:右旋1/4圈座封和解封right hand a quarter to set or release能采用拉伸或压缩进行封隔器座封Be able to adopt stretching either condensation to set packer油管可置于受拉、受压或不受力状态tubing may in be tensile,compressive,natural conditionsQDG型额定压力6,000psi rated pressureQDG型额定压力10,000psi内置液流旁通inside fluid bypass上卡瓦解封前保持压力平衡keep pressure balance before pulling slip to release辅助剪切解封supplementary shear releasing,QDG,QDH 机械式生产封隔器,应用于生产、注水、压裂、层间隔离和修井for production,flooding,fracture,zone isolation,workover,Ultra-Lok机械式生产封隔器mechanical production packer,可回收式封隔器retrievable packer,特点:右旋座封和解封right hand to set or release油管可置于受拉、受压或不受力状态tubing may in tensile,compressive,natural conditions双向楔形卡瓦确保座封double cuneiform ensure setting with 卡瓦上方的密封元件可防止岩屑进入座封装置seal element on slip can prevent sand into set apparatus 内装液流旁通能保持压力平衡，快速下放和取出不会引起井内抽汲Inside fluid bypass maintaining the pressure balance,slacking off or taking off quickly cant bring swabbing,应用于生产、注水和层间隔离for production,flooding,zone,PR-3 机械式生产封隔器mechanical production packer,可回收式封隔器retrievable packer,特点:压缩座封compression setting右旋1/4圈座封（可选用左旋）right hand quarter to set 高压作业过程中，压差辅助作用能保持旁通关闭，锁定在轴筒上under high-pressure,keep bypass closed and locked on axle sleeve owing to pressure difference取出时，自动恢复到下井时状态when taking out,resume automatically normal state可选用水力锚控制来自下方的压差by hydraulic anchor,control under pressure difference长冲程芯轴简化了流体平衡long stroke axletree simplify fluid balance大尺寸旁通能保持压力平衡，快速起、下不会引起井内抽汲greater dimension bypass maintaining the pressure balance,slacking off or taking ooutquickly cant bring swabbing,应用于生产、增产和测试for production,increase production,well test,WDG,WDH 钢丝电缆绳座封生产封隔器,可回收式封隔器retrievable packer,特点:生产前用作桥塞as bridge prior to production通过带盲塞的NFT开关工具连接到油管上connected with tubing by means of switch apparatus with blank plug油管能以张力、压缩或不受力状态下放tubing can be slacked off in tensile,compressive,natural conditions密封胶筒上方和下方卡瓦seal rubber三胶筒、双硬度封隔系统 tri-rubber,stiff pack-off systemWDG 型额定压力6,000psi WDH 型额定压力10,000psi内置旁通能保持压力平衡Inside fluid bypass maintaining the pressure balance接在油管上收回retrieved with tubing辅助剪切解封supplementary shear releasing,应用于采油、注水、压裂、层间隔离和修井，修井作业中优先选用电缆座封for production,flooding,fracture,zone isolation,workover.and To select wireline setting is preferential,NFT 开关工具switch apparatus,可回收式封隔器retrievable packer,特点:密封和下部抛光短节相连，以获得可靠的密封seal connected with polish nopple,gain security seal丁形槽装置便于连接/拆卸T-slot simplify connection and disconnection下短节可加工成能与所有常用钢丝作业连接的塞堵密封剖面lower nipple can be treated to fit sealing face for wireline operation connection打捞筒设计允许冲洗岩屑allow overshot designed to wash cuttings打捞筒规环可起到套管内扶正器的作用overshot ring react as casing centralizer,与双卡瓦封隔器配合使用，可以在不解封封隔器的情况下取出封隔器上方的油管with double anchor packer,take out tubings on the packer without releasing,HRP 水力座封生产封隔器hydrostatic set production packer,可回收式封隔器retrievable packer,特点:工作压力：6,000 psiworking pressure座封封隔器不需要下放管柱dont need to slack off string for setting packer上提解封pull to release胶筒系统座封容易rubber system set easily双卡瓦系统double-lock system结构紧凑compact structure大内径可用于大井眼作业greater dimension bypass for big size well operation,可应用于多层开采，以及不适合下机械座封封隔器的斜井，可装好井口法兰后座封封隔器for multiple zone well,inclined,well unsuitable for mechanical setting packer and set packer after installing well head flange,Hydrow IIA 水力座封双管封隔器hydrostatic set double-string packer,可回收式封隔器retrievable packer,特点:characters水力座封，可选择长管柱或短管柱座封select long string or short string for hydrostatic setting整体轴筒，座封过程中可以整体移动integral axle sleeve be moved during setting不需要水力锚定装置dont need hydrostatic anchorage解封力剪切现场调节简单adjust release shearing force device on worksite easily座封后，座封缸下方的密封件能隔离关键的O型圈after setting,seal apparatus under seal sleeve can isolate important O-ring安装前，可以对工具进行压力测试piror to rigging up,pressure test tools压差可以辅助密封件密封pressure difference strengthen seal of auxiliary seal获得专利的上卡瓦顺序解封系统多个孔眼，可供控制管、电潜泵（ESP）、电缆、化学剂注入管和井眼监测装置使用,用于单管封隔器上方进行多层开采，带有注入管柱或电潜泵Used above single string packers to produce multiple zones;with multiple injection strings or ESP installations,密封筒封隔器seal bore system,Arrow-Pak 可回收式密封筒封隔器,密封筒封隔器,特点:高额定压力和温度“ECNER”组合密封件系统短尺寸设计可用于(狗腿dog log)严重和(大斜度井high angle hole)全部关键O型圈位于胶筒下方能用电缆或水力座封工具座封(锁定旋转locked rotation)便于(磨铣milling)可用作(砾石充填gravel fill up)封隔器用Arrow-Pak收回工具收回与永久型密封筒封隔器共用密封总成(装置),Hydrow-Pak密封筒封隔器,密封筒封隔器,特点:Arrow-Pak可收回密封筒封隔器的水力座封，可一次起下钻作业完成(密封总成seal assembly)能一次起下钻作业下到位座封液置于胶筒下方减少了漏失通道用Arrow-Pak收回工具收回可用大尺寸密封筒,最大限度地增加系统内径O型密封圈(压力测试工具pressure test tools)旋转锁定部件rotation lock apparatus,用于一次起下作业,B Arrowdrill 永久性密封筒封隔器,密封筒封隔器,特点:坚固可靠的设计金属特性可满足N.A.C.E.MR-01-75规范，可用于含H2S环境的作业弹性体和材料选择可适应恶劣的(井下环境downhole environment)可选择电缆或水力座封整体式卡瓦消除了(提前座封premature setting)的风险risk360 密封件支撑系统能防止橡胶挤出还可用于双井底系统,用于生产、层间（油层）封隔和高压(增产措施well stimulation),BH Arrowdrill 永久性密封筒封隔器,密封筒封隔器,特点:Arrowdrill B型水力座封式密封件能一步座封下到位金属支撑系统能膨胀到套管内壁上，防止密封件挤出零部件被锁定容易磨铣弹性体elastic和材料选择可适应恶劣的井下环境可用于双井底系统,用于一次起下作业生产,能满足不同作业环境需求的密封装置,密封筒封隔器,模压整成型密封:推荐应用于中压环境，解决密封件跑出密封筒的问题。材质有：腈,HSN,氟化橡胶,Flourel,EPDM 和ECO等。,MOLDED 密封 单套装置,CHEVRON 密封单套装置,Chevron 密封:应用于较高压力和温度环境,用于各种作业环境的零配件系列产品：,密封筒封隔器附件,油管锚tubing anchor和油管定位总成locator tubing assembly密封装置seal assembly和隔离管密封筒seal bore和磨铣延伸筒milling extension sub封隔器接箍packer collar和底部接头泵出、旋出及击出型底部装置,可回收式作业封隔器,32-A型 张力座封封隔器,可回收式作业封隔器,特点:浅井张力座封与威德福可回收桥塞匹配，适用于一次起下管柱作业和回收内孔完全打开，减少(流动阻力flow resistance)能承受上、下高压差高压差下，封隔器使用SC型(卸载器unloader)平衡压差内(安全接头safety joint)允许通过工具循环,用于酸化、压裂、套管完整性测试和(注水泥作业cementing job),CST 压缩座封封隔器,可回收式作业封隔器,特点:结构坚固工作压力：10,000psi与威德福可回收桥塞匹配，适合一次起下管柱和回收作业较大的水力锚三胶筒、双硬度封隔器胶筒内置式/旁通机构和大旁通面积有罩型卡瓦适合(高强度套管high strength casing)丁形(控制机构controls),用于酸化、压裂、套管完整性测试和注水泥,CSTH压缩座封封隔器,可回收式作业封隔器,特点:通常连接ECV(紧急控制阀emergency control valve)下井旋转2圈座封扭拒torque能满足钻杆连接的加重芯轴,能于钻杆连接、能传递扭矩的加重芯轴较大的(水力锚hydraulic anchor)封隔器胶筒为三胶筒、双硬度大旁通面积内置旁通机构工作压力：10,000psi,在钻机停钻时，用于油井顶部座封并起悬挂管柱作用。还能用于酸化、压裂、套管完整性测试和注水泥作业。,ECV 紧急控制阀,可回收式作业封隔器,特点:同CSTH压缩座封封隔器联合使用J型转动 圈脱离-自动再锁快速反应阀quick reaction valve-打开、关闭只需要两转轴承总成允许阀在下井管柱处于压缩状态时正常操作独特的阀体设计以防阀在开关时操作失常阀在开启及关闭状态下封隔器长度保持不变可延伸型塞堵可被泵出以保证作业时工具可以通过阀体内径滑动节头slick joint的可选性造形允许用钢丝作业座封塞堵,用于封隔器以上油管起出并使封隔器处于未堵塞状态,APU,APL 压缩座封(跨隔封隔器straddle packer),可回收式作业封隔器,特点:同时使用(双封隔器twin packer)以准确分隔座封间距各种(选择性分层酸化selective zonal acidation)的首选产品两套封隔系统提供较大的内旁通通道整体芯轴保证准确座封、操作方便,用于对指定(射孔层段perforation interval)注水,AWT 射孔冲洗工具,可回收式作业封隔器,特点:多功能加强型 密封皮碗seating cup通过增加标准(油管短节tubing pup joint)，可将(密封皮碗seating cup)间距从12英寸调节到任意长度大尺寸内旁通,用于射孔层段的选择性酸化,可回收式桥塞retrievable bridge plug,带有EQV平衡阀的可回收式封隔器,可回收式桥塞,特点:与(下入及回收工具running-retrievable tools)连接时，(旁通阀bypass valve)处开启状解封封隔器前实现压力平衡可用于拉伸或压缩座封封隔系统为三胶筒、(双硬度twin hardness)额定工作压力：10,000 psi内置旁通bypass,用于压裂、酸化或注水泥作业时进行层间封隔，还可在(套管试压casing pressure test)及(拆卸井口nipple down tree)时使用,WRP 电缆座封可收回式桥塞,可回收式桥塞retrievable bridge plug,特点:在压力下下井和收回直接上提解封可用(连续油管endless tubing)回收由收回工具平衡压差用标准(电缆座封工具wireline setting tools)座封,用于压裂、酸化或注水泥作业，或者在拆卸井口时使用fracturing acidize squeeze,nipple down wellhead apparatus,修井辅助工具,VIII 型压缩卸载装置,随压缩座封封隔器下入井内压缩关闭，拉伸打开可选择J型系统锁定关闭防止阀意外打开扭矩锁定torque lock,SC型 张力卸载装置tension unloading device,修井辅助工具,同张力座封封隔器一起使用，以平衡封隔器压差压缩打开，拉伸关闭弹箍辅助阀体打开和关闭,HST 水力座封工具,修井工具workover tools,用油管或连续油管座封,电缆座封封隔器和(桥塞bridge plug)等工具油管能自动充液和(flowing up排液)用改变(液缸hydraulic cylinder)数量来改变(座封压力setting force)HST使用标准的E-4座封筒对于大多数封隔器,可选择(旋转丢手rotational release),威德福 技术开发和培训中心,产品支持,钻机drilling rig功能齐全、全部电气化180 ft井架1,000 hp 绞车最大牵引力traction power,450,000 lb(提升系统hoisting system)总井深1,468 ft，30”套管1,000 ft，余下为20”套管至井底。水平磨铣中心54 ft.长20”套管8,800 ft.-lbs.扭矩torque29,000 lbs.钻压weight on bit,技术和培训中心试验设备,产品支持,室内(垂直vertical)(试验井test well)(直径diameter)24”深18 ft.5 t 桥式吊车bridge crane400F 对流加热系统convective heating system泥浆循环回路mud circulation loop30 bbls.min.300 psi6”循环管circulation linesAPI RP 10F,(12.2 lb.,gal.)泥浆mud,技术和培训中心试验设备,产品支持,(油井筛管oil well sreen)液流回路30 加仑/分钟 250 磅/英寸22”循环管线泵低流量low discharge,16,000 psi(Sprague)高流量,15 加仑/分钟，15,000 psi（三缸triplex）泥浆泵mud pump,400 加仑/分钟，5,000 psi:pound per square inch,技术和培训中心试验设备,