小学英语名词讲解课件.ppt
小学英语系统复习,目录,01,02,03,04,名词,代词,介词,形容词,目录,05,06,07,08,连词、冠词,副词,数词,感叹词,在我们生活中存在着形形色色的人与物，他们都有自己的称呼。像Sydney（悉尼）,door（门），family（家庭），简单来说，表示人、事物、地方、现象或抽象概念等名称的词都叫名词,名词 n.,专有名词,普通名词,集体名词,抽象名词,个体名词,物质名词,可数,不可数,专有名词是指人、地方、团体、机构等特有的名称。它的第一个字母必须大写，专有名词前一般不加冠词,2.国家、山川、河流、地名 Korea,Thailand,Egypt Paris,Pacific Ocean Mt.Qomolangma,1.人名、尊称和头衔 Einstein,Chairman Xi,President Trump Mr.Brown,Doctor Lin Queen Elizabeth II,3.团体，机构，报刊 China Daily，Reuters,4.星期月日年和节日 Wednesday Sunday,National Day,5.普通名词构成的专有名词 The North Pole,the Forbidden City,the White House,the Temple of Heaven,可数,不可数,集体名词,army,audience,crowd,family,police people,物质名词,air,oxygen(氧气)，rain，snow,fire,iron,wood,water,milk,tea,coffee,fish,chicken,抽象名词,love,beauty,envy,respect,sadness,courage,truth,youth,courage,pace,水茶面包巧克力咖啡牛奶与果汁鸡肉牛肉配米饭头发雨草纸与钱,爱与美丽和勇气力量真理与和平悲伤嫉妒与青春温度尊敬和责任,名词的数,可数名词,不可数名词,单数a/an,复数-s,-es,1）一般情况下加-s 如book-books（书）desk-desks（书桌）2）以s,x,ch,sh结尾加-es 如box-boxes（盒子）bus-buses(公共汽车)注意以 th 结尾加-s,month-months stomach-stomachs 3)以辅音字母+结尾,变y为i再加-es.如city-cities(城市)country-countries(国家)注意以元音+y,直接加s.如：day-days(天),boy-boys(男孩)4)以f或fe结尾,复数变f或 fe 为v再加-es 如knife-knives(书),half-halves(一半)注意有少数词后直接加s,如roof-roofs(屋顶),safe-safes,chief-chiefs,belief-belifes 5)以o结尾(1)辅音字母加o结尾名词的加-es 如tomato-tomatoes(西红杮)potato-potatoes(土豆)(2)元音字母加o结尾名词的加-s 如piano-pianos(钢琴),zoo-zoos(动物园)photo-photos(照片),kangaroo-kangaroos(袋鼠)kilo-kilos(千克)注意zero 两种方式都可：zero-zeros或 zeroes(零),妻子持刀去宰狼小偷吓得发了慌躲在架后保己命半片树叶遮目光,妻子 wife刀 knife狼 wolf小偷 thief架子 shelf自己 self生命 life一半 half树叶 leaf,f&fe,海湾边、屋顶上，首领奴仆两相望；谁说他们无信仰，证据写在手帕上。例如：gulf,roof,chief,serf,belief,proof,handkerchief，这些名词变复数直接加-s。,o,黑人和英雄吃土豆西红柿+esNegroes and heroes eat tomatmes and potatoes.,你在zoo里，看见一根bamboo，上面挂着photo照的是一架piano，上面放着一个radio+s,中国人开着宇宙飞船去吃日本人的绵羊鹿和鱼Chinese spacecraft Japanese sheep deer fish（单复同形）,中日不变英法变，其余-s加后面。例如：1)Chinese Chinese,Japanese Japanese；2)Englishman Englishmen,Englishwoman Englishwomen,Frenchman Frenchmen,Frenchwoman Frenchwomen；3)American Americans,Russian Russians,Arab Arabs,German Germans 等。,不可数名词的量-用of表示,a glass of watera jar of jama pocket of sweetthree cups of coffeetwo bags of rice,名词所有格,有生命的所有格 s单数词尾+s复数词尾+s,无生命的名词所有格 of+n.the title of the novel the window of the housethe end of the roadthe subject of the sentence,The professor gave him one of the best _ after class.A.piece of advice B.pieces of advicesC.piece of advices D.piece of advice,Go straight,_ and youll find a sign for the toilet.A.three minutes away B.three minutes walkC.three minutes away D.three minutes walk,The woman over there is _ mother.A.Lilys and Lucys mother B.Lilys and LucyC.Lily and Lucys D.Lily and Lucy,Move along and make _ for me.A.a room B.roomC.chair D.tables,1.Two _(family)live in this building.2.Look at those_(child).3.I can see a _(policeman).4.There are some_(glass)on the table.5.Would you like some _(bread)?,
