中考英语阅读理解解题技巧课件.ppt
中考英语阅读理解解题技巧,曹王一中 高树香,阅读理解 是英语能力培养的重点项目，是考试的一个重要题型，分值高、题量大。今年中考四篇20个小题30分，占总分的四分之一。阅读理解能力的重要标志是阅读速度和理解力的正确率。,考题要求考生能读懂书报杂志中关于一般性的简短文段以及公告说明广告等,并能从中获取相关的信息。1 理解主旨和要义 2 理解文中的具体细节3 根据上下文推断生词的词义4 作出判断和推理5 理解文章的基本结构6 理解作者的意图观点和态度,温馨提示,1、五级目标要求除教材外,课外阅读量应累计达到15万词以上。2、如果每天有点时间，建议你每天做一篇阅读理解。3、请同学们逐渐养成自觉阅读的习惯。,The ways of guessing the new words in context:,遇到生词要冷静,A.利用构词法进行猜测,根据单词的前缀与后缀进行猜词。如，care(小心)careful(小心的)carefully(小心地);write(写)rewrite(改写)。,un-;dis-;-less:;mis-:;re-:;-ern:-er,-or,-ist:;,2.根据“合成词”猜测。如school+bag schoolbag down+stairs downstairs,不无,错误,再,重复,重新,表方向,表示人,Exercises:Match the meaning with the new words.,rebuildmodernizeman-madeunsafe misunderstan-ding,不安全的误解重建现代化人造的,表示因果关系的：because,as,since,for,so,as a result表示同义关系的：and,like,just as表示反义关系的：but,however,though,although,yet,instead(of)等等。,(1)根据关联词猜词,B.根据上下文猜测,1.I could see nothing because the light was so faint 2.Tom is very rude,but his brother is quite polite.3.She is beautiful,and her daughter is as pretty as her.,(昏暗的）,(有礼貌的),(漂亮的),常用的：be,be called,mean或破折号或定语从句等来表示。1.Why does jogging-running slowly become so popular.,(2).根据定义、释义、举例或 复述猜词,2.Pork is the meat of pigs.3.Jane is warm-hearted,she likes to help.,(慢跑),(猪肉),(热心的),(3).根据生活经验及普通常识猜词,China is our motherland.Kangaroo mothers have pouches to carry their babies.3.Its really cold outside,and my hands are both numb.,(祖国),(育儿袋),(冻僵了的,麻木的,失去知觉的),1.A lot of the worlds natural resources like oil come from poor countries.A.环境 B.资源 C.汽油2.The old man put on his spectacles and began to read.A.帽子 B.雨鞋 C.眼镜3.My mom was a little heavy.And I was almost as plump as my mom.A.丰满 B.苗条 C.强壮4.Children have schoolbags with two straps to carry them.A.口袋 B.肩带 C.纽扣,Exercises:Choose the right answer.,2.Doctors believe that smoking is detrimental to your health.,4.The boy had a happy family before.However,after the war,he became homeless.,Exercises:Guess the meaning of the new words quickly.,Wealthy means having lots of money.,5.You must stop dreaming and face reality.,(富裕的，有钱的）,(有害的),(现实),3.My mother-in-law,my husbands mother,was a teacher.,(婆婆),(无家可归的）,Guess the meaning of the setences:1.I am sure that you are wrong that nobody will care if you leave your home.2.Im sure theres someone in your class who feels lonely,too.3.You never know how other people feel inside.4.Learn to like yourself,and then others will see your confidence and like you,too.,条分缕析理解长句,长句中通常包含并列、复合、倒装等结构，对于这类句子要分清主次，先找出句子的主、谓、宾、定、状、补，再找出修饰它的从句或短语等。,Parents whose children show a special interest in a particular sport have a difficult decision to make about their childrens,主旨大意型,事实细节型,词 义 猜 测 型,命 题 类,推 理 判 断 型,1)What does the writer mainly tell us?2)Whats the best title for this passage?3)Which of the following can summarize the main idea of this text?4)Which of the following best expresses the main idea?5)Which is the subject discussed in the text?,主旨大意题的常见的提问形式:,文章中心是论点，事实细节是论据或主要理由；有关细节的问题常对文中某个词语、某句子、某段落等细节及事实进行提问，所提问题一般可直接或间接在文章中找到答案。,提问的特殊疑问词常有：what,who,which,where,how,why 等。,事实细节型,解题原则：忠实于原文上下文及全篇的逻辑关系，决不能主观臆断。,1）Which of the following statement is true?2）Which of the following is not mentioned in the text?3）The author(or the passage)states that_.4）According to the passage,when(where,why,how,who,what,which,etc.)_?,在阅读理解中，要求查找主要事实和特定细节问题常有以下几种命题方式：,判断词义,1）文中找线索或信息词;2)根据熟悉的词及词义判断新单词之意；3）根据上下文判断新词汇在特定句中确切意思。,做题要领,推理判断题：着重考查学生归纳概括、逻辑推理等综合能力。,以原文内容为前提，据作者的观点理论（非考生观点），客观地对文中未明显说明的现象或事例给予合理的逻辑推断，做出一定解释。,推理判断型,透过现象看本质，领悟作者思想倾向、观点、立场、语气及态度等。,推理判断题（做题要领）,既要求学生透过文章表面文字信息推测文章隐含意思，又要求学生对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断，力求从作者的角度去考虑，不要固守自己的看法或观点。,推理判断型常见的命题方式有：The passage implies(暗示)that_.We can conclude(得出结论)from the passage that_.Which of the following can be inferred(推论)?What is the tone(语气)of the author?What is the purpose(目的)of this passage?The passage is intended to _.Where would this passage most probably appear?,做阅读首先要快速浏览，把握文章大意。细读之前可以先读题，找出题目的关键词。再读文章。当读到有题目中的关键词时，可以用铅笔画下来（做完后可以擦掉），这对答题很有帮助，可以很快找到原文。当遇到生词时也不要紧张，可以根据上下文和文章的意思来猜这个词的意思。一般初中的阅读理解5道题4道会在原文中找到根据，这也是你需要勾画的地方，便于检查。另外还有1道是选文章的题目或者推断，这需要对原文的意思有大体的了解，再来选择答案，可以用排除法。,温馨提示,培养良好阅读习惯,2.克服声读,3.克服逐字读,4.大胆猜测,5.归纳推论,1.扩大视距,Learn to apply these skills to finish exercises on Reading Comprehension.,Practice makes Perfect!,Conclusion:,Thank You,Your Advice is welcome,Successs ahead!,
