中考英语语法专题总结ppt课件.ppt
介 词,中考语法,介词概述,介词是一种虚词，用来表示它后面的名词或代词同句中其它某个成分之间的关系。介词在句中不能单独使用，必须连用它的宾语即后面的名词或代词构成介词词组后才能作句子成分。如：in,on,across from,ever since,because of 等。,考点分布,(1)介词的种类(2)介词短语,考点梳理,考点一 表示时间的介词,考点梳理,考点梳理,1、介词in,on,at后接时间的用法详见本书第一模块中考常用词汇和短语用法辨析第10组。2、时间名词前所用介词的速记歌 年月周前要用in，日子前面却不行。遇到几号要用on，上午下午又是in。要说某日上下午，用on换in才能行。午夜黄昏用at，黎明用它也不错。at也在时分前，说“差”用to,说“过”要用past。,考点梳理,【考点精练】,()1.Nanjing Lishui Strawberry Festival opened _ March in Fujiabian Modern Agricultural Park this year.A.on B.at C.in D.to()2.I sometimes help my mom with her housework _ Saturdays.A.at B.in C.on D.to()3.A ship from South Korea sank into the sea _ April 16,2014.A.in B.on C.at D.for()4.Some workers in that factory have to work _ night.A.at B.for C.with D.among,C,C,B,A,考点梳理,考点二 表场所、方向的介词,考点梳理,考点梳理,考点梳理,1.介词among,between的用法区别详见本书第一模块中考常用词汇和短语用法辨析第5组。,考点梳理,2.in front of与in the front of的用法区别详见第42组。3.on 在的上面(与物体表面接触)over 在的正上方；(不接触物体表面)above在上方（不接触物体表面）below 在下方,是above的反义词under 在下面(是on,over的反义词)4.in,on,to还可以用来表示两地的位置关系in表示在某地范围之内；to表示在某地范围之外。如：China lies in the east of Asia and to the north of Australia.中国位于亚洲的东部，澳洲的北边。而on表示与某地相邻、接壤。如：Mongolia is on the north of China.蒙古与中国北部接壤。它们的用法区别详见本书第一模块中考常用词汇和短语用法辨析第43组。5.across与through的用法区别详见本书第一模块中考常用词汇和短语用法辨析第22组。,考点梳理,【考点精练】,()5.Cambridge is a small city _ the east of England.A.between B.with C.in D.under()6.Well play basketball _ Class 3 tomorrow.A.over B.against C.to D.for()7.Did you go to Kenli during the Peach Blossom Festival(桃花节)?Yes.The flowers were beautiful.Bees were flying _ them.A.in.B.among C.between D.through,C,B,B,考点梳理,【考点精练】,()8.The moonlight is coming _ the window and the room looks more brighter.A.across B.into C.through D.over()9.Taiwan lies _ the east of Fujian.A.on B.in C.to D.at()10.The old man is a good swimmer,and even now he often swims _ Zhujiang River after supper.A.over B.through C.to D.across,C,C,D,考点梳理,考点三 表方式的介词,考点梳理,by,with,in都可以表示“用”，但侧重点有所不同。in强调用材料、语言 with 表示用工具、某物 by用方式、方法、手段如：The teacher is writing on the paper in red ink and the blackboard with a piece of chalk.My mother often go to work by bike.它们的用法区别详见本书第一模块中考常用词汇和短语用法辨析第19组；,考点梳理,【考点精练】,()11.You can improve your English _ practicing more.A.by B.with C.of D.in()12.Please write it _ your pen.A.byB.inC.atD.with()13.The letter was written _ English.A.onB.byC.inD.with,A,D,C,考点梳理,考点四 其它介词,except与 besides except除之外（不包括），如：Everyone passed the exam except Tom.除了汤姆，每个人都过了考试（汤姆一个人没有过）,考点梳理,【考点精练】,()14.What language do you also speak _ English?French.But just a little.A.besides B.except C.beside()15.All the students in Class One went to the cinema _ Li Ping.Why?Because he had a stomachache.A.besides B.except C.without D.beside,A,B,besides 除之外（还包括），如：Besides Mr Li,five teachers went to the meeting.除了李老师，还有五个老师去开会了。（一共六个老师）它们的用法区别详见本书第一模块中考常用词汇和短语用法辨析第27组。,考点梳理,考点五 介词with的用法,1、表示“和，伴随“，如：come with me 跟我来 She will travel to Paris with his family this summer vacation.2、表示“带着，随着”，如：with a smile on her face 她面带微笑 with best wishes 致以美好的祝愿 with some flowers in her hands 手捧鲜花 with pleasure 乐意地，愉快地3、表示“被，用，以”，如:Cut it with a knife.用刀把它切开。The mountain is covered with snow all the year.4、表示“有，带有”如：some tea with milk 加奶的茶 a man with good manners 一个有礼貌的人,考点梳理,【考点精练】,()16.A conversation _ a wise person is worth ten years study of books.A.for B.like C.with D.to()17._ all his pocket money,Dan bought a present for his mother on Mothers Day.A.With B.For C.By D.In()18.What can I do for you?I hope I have a nice house _ a big garden.A.of B.with C.from D.about()19.Whos that man _ sunglasses?Hes Jack Ding.Ive just got an autograph from him.A.on B.for C.of D.with()20.Ann often helps me _ maths after school.A.for B.with C.on D.by,C,A,B,D,B,考点梳理,考点六 两组易混淆的介词短语,1.in the tree与on the tree in the tree指外来的东西在树上 如：a kite in the tree;a bird in the tree on the tree指长在树上的东西如：some apples on the tree,some flowers on the tree2.in the wall与 on the wall in the wall 指镶嵌在墙体里的,如：a window in the wall on the wall 指紧贴墙面的如：some pictures on the wall;The blackboard in on the wall.,考点梳理,考点七 常见介词搭配,考点梳理,考点梳理,考点梳理,【备考策略】,中考中对介词的考查主要集中在对介词的基本用法和固定搭配上，侧重考查在具体语境中用介词有关的短语和句型的能力，题型有单项、完形填空和短文填空等。备考中要注意：1.注重平时的积累，多记介词用法、介词短语、固定搭配和常用句型；2.注意意义相关或相近的介词辨析；3.结合具体的情景准确使用。,
