GMAT逻辑题(带答案).docx

TESTATime30minutes20Questions1. Mr.Janeck:Idon'tbelieveStevensonwillwintheelectionforgovernor.Fewvotersarewillingtoelectabusinessmanwithnopoliticalexperiencetosucharesponsiblepublicoffice.Ms.Siuzdak:You/rewrong.Theexperienceofrunningamajorcorporationisavaluablepreparationforthetaskofrunningastategovernment.M.Siuzdak'sresponseshowsthatshehasinterpretedMr.Janeck,sremarktoimplywhichofthefollowing?(A) Mr.JaneckconsidersStevensonunqualifiedfortheofficeofgovernor.(B) Nocandidatewithoutpoliticalexperiencehaseverbeenelectedgovernorofastate.(C) Mr.Janeckbelievesthatpoliticalleadershipandbusinessleadershiparecloselyanalogous.(D) Acareerspentinthepursuitofprofitcanbeanimpedimenttoone/sabilitytorunastategovernmentfairly.(E) Votersgenerallyoverestimatethevalueofpoliticalexperiencewhenselectingacandidate.2. Whichofthefollowingbestcompletesthepassagebelow?Onetax-reformproposalthathasgainedincreasingsupportinrecentyearsistheflattax,whichwouldimposeauniformtaxrateonincomesateverylevel.Opponentsoftheflattaxsaythataprogressivetaxsystem,whichleviesahigherrateoftaxesonhigher-incometaxpayers,isfairer;placingthegreaterburdenonthosebetterabletobearit.However,thepresentcrazyquiltoftaxdeductions,exemptions,credits,andloopholesbenefitsprimarilythehigh-incometaxpayer,whoisconsequentlyabletoreducehisorhereffectivetaxrate,oftentoalevelbelowthatpaidbythelower-incometaxpayer.Therefore,(A) higher-incometaxpayersarelikelytolendtheirsupporttotheflat-taxproposalnowbeingconsideredbyCongress(B) aflat-taxsystemthatallowednodeductionsorexemptionswouldsubstantiallyincreaseactualgovernmentrevenues(C) thelower-incometaxpayermightwellbepenalizedbytheinstitutionofaflat-taxsysteminthiscountry(D) theprogressivenatureofourpresenttaxsystemismoreillusorythanreal(E) theflattaxwouldactuallybefairertothelower-incometaxpayerthananyprogressivetaxsystemcouldbe3. Aspartofourprogramtohalttheinfluxofillegalimmigrants,theadministrationisproposingthecreationofanationalidentitycard.ThecardwouldbeavailableonlytoU.S.citizensandtoregisteredaliens,andallpersonswouldberequiredtoproducethecardbeforetheycouldbegivenajob.Ofcourse,suchasystemholdsthepotential,howeverslight,fortheabuseofcivilliberties.Therefore,allpersonalinformationgatheredthroughthissystemwouldbeheldstrictlyconfidential,tobereleasedonlybyauthorizedpersonnelunderappropriatecircumstances.ThosewhoareincompliancewithU.S.lawswouldhavenothingtofearfromtheidentitycardsystem.Inevaluatingtheaboveproposal,apersonconcernedaboutthemisuseofconfidentialinformationwouldbemostinterestedinhavingtheauthorclarifythemeaningofwhichofthefollowingphrases?(A) zzallpersonsw(line5)(B) zzhoweverslightw(line7)(C) wcivilIibertiesw(line8)(D) /'appropriateCircumstancesw(line11)(E) "U.S.laws"(line2)4. Atonetime,EuropeanandJapanesecompaniestriedtoimitatetheirAmericanrivals.Today,AmericanappliancemanufacturersimportEuropeanscientiststoleadtheirresearchstaffs;AmericanautomakersdesigncarsthatmimicthestylingofGerman,Italian,andFrenchimports;andAmericanelectronicsfirmsboastintheiradvertisingofzzJapanese-StyIewdevotiontoqualityandreliability.Intheworldofhightechnology,Americahaslostthebattleforinternationalprestige.Eachofthefollowingstatements,iftrue,wouldhelptosupporttheclaimaboveEXCEPT:(A) AnAmericancameracompanyclaimsinitspromotionalliteraturetoproducecameras"asfineasthebestSwissimports/(B) AnAmericanmakerofstereocomponentsdesignsitsproductstoresemblethoseofapopularJapanesefirm.(C) AnAmericanmanufacturerofvideogamesusesabrandnamechosenbecauseitsoundslikeaJapaneseword.(D) AnAmericanmakeroftelevisionsstudiesGerman-madetelevisionsinordertoadoptGermanmanufacturingtechniques.(E) AnAmericanmakeroffrozenfoodsadvertisesitsdinnersas”RealEuropean-StyleentreespreparedbyfineFrenchandItalianchefs/5. JohnsonisonfirmgroundwhenheassertsthattheearlyeditorsofDickinson,spoetryoftendistortedherintentions.YetJohnson'sown,morefaithful,textisstillguiltyofitsownformsofdistortion.TostandardizeDickinson/softenindecipherablehandwrittenpunctuationbytheuseofthedashistorenderpermanentacasualmodeofpoeticphrasingthatDickinsonsurelyneverexpectedtoseeinprint.ItimpliesthatDickinsonchosethedashashertypicalmarkofpunctuationwhen,infact,sheapparentlynevermadeanydefinitivechoiceatall.Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizestheauthor/smainpoint?(A) AlthoughJohnsonisrightincriticizingDickinson,searlyeditorsfortheirdistortionofherwork,hisowntextisguiltyofequallyseriousdistortions.(B) Johnson'suseofthedashinhistextofDickinson'spoetrymisleadsreadersaboutthepoet,sintentions.(C) BecauseDickinsonneverexpectedherpoetrytobepublished,virtuallyanyattemptateditingitmustruncountertoherintentions.(D) AlthoughJohnson'sattempttoproduceamorefaithfultextofDickinson'spoetryiswell-meaning,hisstudyofthemateriallackssufficientthoroughness.(E) Dickinson'seditors,includingJohnson,havefailedtodealadequatelywiththeproblemOfdecipheringDickinson'shandwrittenmanuscripts.6. Alawrequiringcompaniestoofferemployeesunpaidtimeofftocarefortheirchildrenwillharmtheeconomiccompetitivenessofournation'sbusinesses.Companiesmustbefreetosettheirownemploymentpolicieswithoutmandatedparental-leaveregulations.Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,wouldmostseriouslyweakentheconclusionoftheargumentabove?(A) Aparental-leavelawwillservetostrengthenthefamilyasasocialinstitutioninthiscountry.(B) Manybusinessesinthiscountryalreadyofferemployeessomeformofparentalleave.(C) Someofthecountrieswiththemosteconomicallycompetitivebusinesseshavestrongparental-leaveregulations.(D) Onlycompanieswithonehundredormoreemployeeswouldbesubjecttotheproposedparental-leavelaw.(E) Inmostpolls,amajorityofcitizenssaytheyfavorpassageofaparental-leavelaw.7. IfA,thenB.IfB,thenC.IfC,thenD.Ifallofthestatementsabovearetrue,whichofthefollowingmustalsobetrue?(A) IfD1thenA.(B) IfnotB,thennotC.(C) IfnotDzthennotA.(D) IfD,thenE.(E) IfnotA,thennotD.8. DearAppIicant:Thankyouforyourapplication.Unfortunately,weareunabletoofferyouapositioninourlocalgovernmentofficeforthesummer.Asyouknow,fundingforsummerjobsislimited,anditisimpossibleforustoofferjobstoallthosewhowantthem.Consequently,weareforcedtorejectmanyhighlyqualifiedapplicants.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromtheletter?(A) Thenumberofapplicantsforsummerjobsinthegovernmentofficeexceededthenumberofsummerjobsavailable.(B) Theapplicantwhoreceivedtheletterwasconsideredhighlyqualified.(C) Verylittlefundingwasavailableforsummerjobsinthegovernmentoffice.(D) Theapplicationofthepersonwhoreceivedtheletterwasconsideredcarefullybeforebeingrejected.(E) Mostofthosewhoappliedforsummerjobswereconsideredqualifiedfortheavailablepositions.9. Studiesoffatalautomobileaccidentsrevealthat,inthemajorityofcasesinwhichoneoccupantofanautomobileiskilledwhileanothersurvives,itisthepassenger,notthedriver,whoiskilled.Itisironicthattheinnocentpassengershouldsufferforthedriver'scarelessness,whilethedriveroftensuffersonlyminorinjuriesornoneatall.Whichofthefollowingisanassumptionunderlyingthereasoninginthepassageabove?(A) Inmostfatalautomobileaccidents,thedriverofacarinwhichanoccupantiskilledisatfault.(B) Driversofautomobilesarerarelykilledinautoaccidents.(C) Mostdeathsinfatalautomobileaccidentsaresufferedbyoccupantsofcarsratherthanbypedestrians.(D) Autosafetyexpertsshouldincreasetheireffortstoprovideprotectionforthoseinthepassengerseatsofautomobiles.(E) Automobilepassengerssometimesplayacontributingroleincausingautoaccidents.QUeSt10llCIrebasedOCthefollowinqAsonewhohasalwaysbelievedthattruthisournation/ssurestweaponinthepropagandawaragainstourfoes,Iamdistressedbyreportsof"disinformation”campaignsbyAmericanintelligenceagentsinWesternEurope.Inadisinformationcampaign,untruthsaredisseminatedthroughgulliblelocaljournalistsinordertodamagetheinterestsofourenemiesandprotectourown.ThosewhodefendthispracticesaythatlyingisnecessarytocounterSovietdisinformationcampaignsaimedatdamagingAmerica'spoliticalinterests.Theseapologistscontendthatonemustfightfirewithfire.Iwouldpointouttotheapologiststhatthefiredepartmentfindswatermoreeffective.10. Theauthorofthepassageabovebaseshisconclusiononwhichofthefollowing?(A) Acirculardefinitionof“disinformation”(B) Anexampleoftheineffectivenessoflyingasaweaponinthepropagandawar(C) Ananalogybetweentruthandwater(D) Anappealtotheauthorityofthefiredepartment(E) AnattackonthecharacterOfAmericanintelligenceagentsinWesternEurope11. Theauthor'smainpointisthat(A) althoughdisinformationcampaignsmaybeeffective,theyareunacceptableonethicalgrounds(B) America/smoralstandingintheworlddependsonitsadherencetothetruth(C) thetemporarypoliticalgainsproducedbydisinformationcampaignsgenerallygivewaytolong-termlosses(D) SovietdisinformationcampaignshavedonelittletodamageAmerica'sstandinginEurope(E) disinformationcampaignsdonoteffectivelyservethepoliticalinterestsoftheUnitedStates12. Areyoustillreadingtheothernewspaperintown?DidyouknowthattheDailyBugleisownedbyanout-of-townbusinesssyndicatethatcouldn'tcarelessaboutthepeopleofGothamCity?ReadtheDailyClarion,theonlyrealvoiceofthepeopleofGothamCity!Whichofthefollowingmostdirectlyrefutestheargumentraisedintheadvertisementabove?(A) OverhalfoftheadvertisingrevenuesoftheDailyClarioncomefromfirmswhoseheadquartersarelocatedoutsideofGothamCity.(B) TheDailyClarionusuallydevotesmoreofitspagestoout-of-townnewsthandoestheDailyBugle.(C) Nearly40percentofthereadersoftheDailyClarionresideoutsidethelimitsofGothamCity.(D) Theeditor-in-chiefandalltheothermembersoftheeditorialstaffoftheDailyBuglehavelivedandworkedinGothamCityfortenyearsormore.(E) TheDailyBuglehasbeenpublishedinGothamCityforalongertimethanhastheDailyClarion.QUeStiOnS13-14ClrebasedOnthefoHowinq.Theearth'sresourcesarebeingdepletedmuchtoofast.Tocorrectthis,theUnitedStatesmustkeepitsresourceconsumptionatpresentlevelsformanyyearstocome.13. Theargumentabovedependsonwhichofthefollowingassumptions?(A) PercapitaresourceconsumptionintheUnitedStatesisatanall-timehigh.(B) TheUnitedStateswastesresources.(C) TheUnitedStatesusesmoreresourcesthananyothercountry.(D) TheUnitedStatesimportsmostoftheresourcesituses.(E) CurbingU.S.resourceconsumptionwillsignificantlyretardworldresourcedepletion.14. Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,wouldmoststrengthentheargumentabove?(A) Newresourcedepositsareconstantlybeingdiscovered.(B) TheUnitedStatesconsumesone-thirdofallresourcesusedintheworld.(C) OthercountriesneedeconomicdevelopmentmorethantheUnitedStatesdoes.(D) Othercountrieshaveagreedtoholdtheirresourceconsumptionatpresentlevels.(E) TheUnitedStateshasbeenconservingresourcesforseveralyears.15. Alba:Idon'tintendtovoteforSenatorFrankinthenextelection.Sheisnotastrongsupporterofthewaragainstcrime.Tam:ButSenatorFranksponsoredthelatestanticrimelawpassedbytheSenate.Alba:IfSenatorFranksponsoredit,itcan,tbeaverystronganticrimelaw.WhichofthefollowingidentifiesthemostseriouslogicalflawinAlba,sreasoning?(A) ThefactsshepresentsdonotsupportherconclusionthatSenatorFrankissoftoncrime.(B) Sheassumeswithoutproofthatcrimeisthemostimportantissueintheupcomingelection.(C) Shearguesinacircle,usinganunsupportedassertiontodismissconflictingevidence.(D) SheattacksSenatorFrankonpersonalgroundsratherthanonhemeritasapoliticalleader.(E) IndecidingnottovoteforSenatorFrank,shefailstoconsiderissuesotherthancrime.16. Whichofthefollowingbestcompletesthepassagebelow?themostseriousflawintelevision'scoverageofelectioncampaignsisitstendencytofocusonthehorse-racesideofpoliticsthatis,toconcentrateonthequestion"Who'swinning?”attheexpenseofsubstantivecoverageoftheissuesandthecandidates'positionsonthem.Theendlessinterviewswithcampaignmanagers,discussionsofcampaignstrategies,and,especially,theobsessionwithopinionpollshavesurroundedelectionswiththeatmosphereofafootballgameoraprizefight.Toreformthissituation,afirststepmightwellbe(A) ashorteningofthelengthofelectioncampaignstoaperiodofsixweeks(B) astringentlimitoncampaignspending(C) areductioninthetelevisioncoverageofopinionpollsduringelectioncampaigns(D) thepublicationanddistributionofvoter-educationliteraturetoinformthepublicabouteachcandidate/spositiononthemajorissues(E) alimitonthelengthandnumberofpoliticaladvertisementsbroadcastontelevision17. WithProposition13,ifyouboughtyourhouse11yearsagofor$75,000,yourpropertytaxwouldbeapproximately$914ayear(1percentof$75,000increasedby2percenteachyearfor11years);andifyourneighborboughtanidenticalhousenextdoortoyoufor$200,000thisyear,histaxwouldbe$2,000(1percentof$200,000).WithoutProposition13,bothyouandyourneighborwouldpay$6,000ayearinpropertytaxes(3percentof$200,000).Whichofthefollowingistheconclusionforwhichtheauthormostlikelyisarguinginthepassageabove?(A) Proposition13isunconstitutionalbecauseitimposesanunequaltaxonpropertiesofequalvalue.(B) IfProposition13isrepealed,everyhomeownerislikelytoexperienceasubstantialincreaseinpropertytaxes.(C) Bypreventinginflationfromdrivinguppropertyvalues,Proposition13hassavedhomeownersthousandsofdollarsinpropertytaxes.(D) IfProposition13isnotrepealed,identicalpropertieswillcontinuetobetaxedatdifferentrates.(E) Proposition13hasbenefitedsomehomeownersmorethanothers.QUeStionS1819CIrebasedOnthefollowinq.Atanenormousresearchcost,aleadingchemicalcompanyhasdevelopedamanufacturingprocessforconvertingwoodfibersintoaplastic.Accordingtothecompany,thisnewplasticcanbeusedfor;amongotherthings,thehullsofsmallsailboats.Butwhatdoesthecompanythinksailboathullsusedtobemadeof?Surelythemaniaforhightechnologycanscarcelygofurtherthanthis.18. Theauthor'sopinionofthemanufacturingprocessdescribedinthepassageisbasedprimarilyonthefactthat(A) plasticisunlikelytobedurableenoughforhigh-qualitysailboathulls(B) theresearchcostsofdevelopingtheprocessoutweighanysavingspossiblefromtheuseoftheplastic(C) asmallsailboatisnotnormallyregardedasahigh-techproduct(D) hullsforsmallsailboatscanbemadefromwoodwithoutconvertingitintoplastic(E) manyotherspheresofhumanactivityareinfargreaterneedoftechnologicalresearch19. Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,wouldmostseriouslyweakentheauthor'sconclusion?(A) Theplasticproducedbytheprocessisconsiderablylighter,stronger,andmorewatertightthanwood.(B) Thewoodusedinproducingtheplasticisitselfinincreasinglyshortsupply.(C) Thecostofthemanufacturingprocessoftheplasticincreasesthecostofproducingasailboathullby10to15percent.(D) Muchofthecostoftheresearchthatdevelopedthenewprocesswillbewrittenofffortaxpurposesbythechemicalcompany.(E) Thedevelopmentofthenewplasticisexpectedtohelpmakethechemicalcompanyanimportantsupplierofboat-buildingmaterials.20. Ayoungmaneagertobecomeamasterswordsmanjourneyedtothehomeofthegreatestteacherofswordsmanshipinthekingdom.Heaskedtheteacher,“Howquicklycanyouteachmetobeamasterswordsman?”Theoldteacherreplied,/zltwilltaketenyears/Unsatisfied,theyoungmanasked,“WhatifIamwillingtoworknightandday,everydayoftheyear?”theteacherreplied,“Inthatcase,itwilltaketwentyyears.wTheteacher'smainpointisthatanimportantqualityofamasterswordsmanis(A)humility(B) willingnesst