新概念英语第二册第43课 ppt课件.ppt
The map of the world,Latin/South/North America,What do you know about the South Pole,Lesson 43,Over the south pole,the South Pole 南极,Flight 飞行,explorer 探险家,Serious 严重的,crash 坠毁,Sack 袋子,Sack 袋子,clear 越过,endless plain,pole,1.波兰人 Poland 波兰2.极 Pole Star 北极星 the South Pole 南极；the North Pole 北极3.电极，磁极 the positive pole the negative pole4.杆 棒 柱 a flag pole,flight n.飞行 航班,Eg.All flights are cancelled because of the fog.fly v.飞 fly-flew-flownfly n 苍蝇,explorer n.探险家,探测者,探测器,explore v.探险,探测,探究 explore the virgin forestexploration n.(科研相关)探险,探求,开发,lie v.处于 vi.处于,位于(+地点)The town lies to the east of London.vi.躺，（平）卧 stay in bed=lie in bed While I sat by the fire,my dog lay beside me.vt.撒谎 You lied.=You lied to me.你骗人!你撒谎!You,liar!你,骗子!n.谎言 tell a lie 撒谎 a white lie 善意的谎言 a black lie,point,point n 1.尖端 a knife-point 2.点，一般指从飞机上向下看的点 地点 place，spot 3.V 指 指向 point at/to 指向,seem v.似乎，看起来seem+as if 看起来似乎 He seems as if he had never lived in England before.seem+adj.他看起来很有钱。He seems rich.seem to be He seems to be rich.seem that 看起来似乎 It seems that he is rich.,crash v.坠毁（从上向下掉）；,n.冲突,撞击声,抵触 aircrash 空难，carcrash 车祸,clear v.越过(凌空、不接触地)越过,跳过，没有接触面的飞跃 飞跃山峰 clear the mountain 那匹马越过了栅栏 The horse cleared the fence.clear up 天空放晴clear away 消除,endless plain,hopelesshelplesstreeless carelessuselessplain n 平原adj 普通的a plain girl,over和above的一些区别,(1)over和above都可以表示“在上方”。两个物体是互不接触的There is a picture above/over the fireplace.壁炉上有一张画。(2)over也可表示“在之上”，两个物体互相接触，有on 和 cover 的意思1、He put his handkerchief over his face.他用手帕把脸蒙了起来。（不能用above）2、She spread a cloth over the table.她把一块布铺在桌子上。（不能用above）(3)如果要表示“越过”、“翻过”和“飞过”的意思，通常用over。而above多用于表示一种静态的“在上方”的意思。If we cant go over the mountain,we must go round it.要是我们无法翻过这座山，我们只能绕山而行。,1、Though,at first,Byrd and his men were able to take a great many photographs of the mountains that lay below,they soon ran into serious trouble.连词though引导让步状语从句，其含义是“虽然，尽管”。它永远不与but连用。can.可能性（只用于现在式和过去式）be able to.可能性,成功地做（可用于各种时态）take a photograph of 拍的照片在他离开家之前，他给他的房子照了张照片。He took a photograph of his house before he left home.run into trouble=get into trouble 遇到麻烦，陷入困境每次他遇到困难了，他都向父母寻求帮助。Each time he ran into trouble,he asked his parents for help.,lay是动词lie的过去式。表示“处于什么位置”。lie与lay的区别：（1）lie作“躺，卧、处于（位置）”解 时，过去式为：lay,过去分词为：lain；（2）lie作“撒谎”解时，过去式为：lied,过去分词为：lied；（3）lay可作“放，摆，搁；产卵”解，其过去式和过去分词均为：laid【例】The books still _ where I _ them a month ago.A:lie,laidB:lay,laid C:lied,lain D lain,lied 此题选B。这句话的意思是：上个月前我“放”在那的书现在还“躺”在那里。,2、At one point,it seemed certain that their plane would crash.at one point 在某一地方，在某一时刻（point也指时间上的某一点）他曾一度下决心要当个画家。At one point,he made up his mind to become a painter.it为先行主语，真正的主语为that引导的从句。it作先行主语时经常与seem，appear，look等连用：现在似乎可以肯定会议将被推迟。It now looks certain that the meeting is going to be put off.,4、It could only get over the mountains if it rose to 10,000 feet.rise to 上升至5、The plane was then able to rise and it cleared the mountains by 400 feet.by表示“相差，以之差”的意思我晚了10分钟，没赶上火车。I missed the train by ten minutes.他比我小两岁。He is younger than me by two years.,Grammar,1.can和could 我们已经讲过can和could都可以表示“请求允许做某事”，can比较生硬，用于和自己同等的人或是熟悉的朋友。而could相对比较客气，显得更加礼貌，同时也反映出请求者的犹豫不决。Can I use your telephone?Could I use your telephone?2.can和be able to can和be able to都可以解释为“能够、可以”。可以表示“有能力来做某事、有时间来做某事，有办法来完成某事”等等。我们在区别他们时，需要注意的,a.在表示现在或过去的智力、体力、技能等方面的“能力”时,can、could常可与 be able to互换。I can swim now.=I am able to swim.我会游泳。b.can表示“能够做某事”，不一定就真的做了。而be able to表示“有能力做某事”。说明是真的尝试过了，做过了这件事情。所以赶拍胸脯说自己有这个能力。比如：I can swim 300 meters now and last year I was able to swim 100 meters.我现在能够游300米，去年我可以游100米的。这句话中，第一部分“I can swim 300 meters now”，表示“我现在能够游300米”只是说说而已，并不说明已经游过了。而后面部分“last year I was able to swim 100 meters”，表示我去年的确是游过了，可以游100米的。,c.be able to 有比 can 更多的形式。从时态上来说：can做为情态动词，只有现在时和过去时。而be able to则有比can更多的形式，除了现在时和过去时，还有将来时和完成时。He will come if he can.=He will come if he is able to.I can see you tomorrow.Ill be able to see you tomorrow.（将来时使用will be able to结构）I couldnt understand him.=I wasnt able to understand him.（过去时使用was/were able to结构）He said he could see me next week.=He said he would be able to see me next week.（过去将来时使用would be able to结构）请大家注意，如果要体现将来时和完成时，那只能用be able to。因为can作为情态动词只有现在时和过去时。,综合上面的几点，我们简单总结一下：can和be able to在表示个人能力时，一般可以进行互换。can表示“能够做某事”，是未经尝试过的能力；be able to则多表示“有能力做某事”多为已经过事实验证的。Can用于现在时和过去时；be able to由于有个be动词，所以它时态的使用就灵活了许多，将来时、完成时等时态用be able to表示则非常清晰方便。下面最后一点：当我们要表示一个动作已经成功的在过去完成的时候，我们必须使用was able to，而不能使用could。,
