动词不定式ppt课件.pptx
动词不定式（上）,to+do,定义,“动词不定式”,是一种非谓语动词,由不定式符号to+动词原形构成。不定式具有动词的特征,同时也有名词、形容词和副词的特征。动词不定式的肯定形式是todo；其否定形式是nottodo,谓语,谓语是对主语动作或状态的陈述或说明。做什么do what是什么what is this怎么样how,大臣、将军、丞相,A,B,C,D,E,动词不定式在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾补、定语和状语。,1 做主语.,A is XXX.谓语用第三人称单数形式.To see is to believe.如果主语较长则用it做形式主语,将真正的主语动词不定式放到句尾.eg Its a bad habit to run after dinner.Itswrongtoplaytricksonotherpeople,2 做表语.,XXX be B.放在连系动词be后面（am,is,are）规律：动词不定式在句中作表语时，通常对连系动词前面的名词进行诠释说明。HiswishistobecomeascientistThe important things is to save lives.当务之急是生命。,3 做宾语,XXX do C.want，wish，hope，promise，agree等动词后面跟并且只能跟不定式。WeagreedtostartearlyShewantstobeadoctor,3 做宾语,love，like，begin，start，hate，prefer等词后面可以接不定式。he likes to play with children.learn，plan，decide，ask，choose等词可以接不定式。stop，forget，remember，goon，try等词或短语后面可以接不定式。,口诀三个愿望两答应要求选择莫拒绝学会计划做决定,do,3 做宾语,stoptodosth.：停止一件事，去做另一件事。stopdoingsth.：停止正在做的事。Whentheteachercamein，thestudentsstoppedtalking.当老师走进来时，学生们停止说话。Whenhecameout，thestudentsstoppedtotalk 当老师走出去时，学生们开始说话。规律：某些动词或短语后面既可以接动词不定式作宾语，又可接动名词作宾语，二者用法上的区别可以通过造句子加以区分，如上面stop例句。,3 做宾语,在findfeelitadjtodosth句型中，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。如：Ifeeliteasytorecitethetext,动词不定式练习题,做练习,动词不定式（下）,to+do,4做宾语补足语.,XXX do C D.tell，ask，want，order，teach，invite，warn，wish，help，get，wish，help等词后面常接不定式作宾补。she asked me to help her with her English.,不带to,感官动词口诀解释：一感指 feel二听指 listen to 和 hear三让指 have,let，make四看见指 see,watch,notice 和 observe半帮助指 help,后面接不带to的不定式作宾补。,Thebossmakesthemwork16hoursaday,4做宾语补足语.,注意!若变成被动语态，在上述结构中，不定式符号to要加上。Theyaremadetowork16hoursadaybythebossShewasheardtosinginthenextroom,感使动词真奇怪，to在句中像妖怪。主动句中它走开，被动句里它回来。,5做定语,放在被修饰的名词、代词后面。IhavealotofworktodoThedoctorsaidhecoulddonothingtohelptheboy如：IhaveasmallbedroomtoliveinHaveyougotsomepenstowritewith？,注意!如果动词不定式和前面所修饰的词构成动宾关系，若动词是不及物动词，切记不要忘掉介词。,(),(),6做状语,修饰动词或形容词目的状语：放在go，come，use，live，inorder等词后面。如：Icometoseeyou 原因状语：放在sorry，glad，surprised，disappointed，excited等词后面。IamgladtoseeyouhereIamsorrytotroubleyou,6做状语,作结果状语。SomeoftheapplesarehardtoreachTheroomislargeenoughtohold1000people特殊句式 tootoyou are never too old to learn.,7特殊疑问词+动词不定式.,与what，who，whose，when，where，how等疑问词连用，作宾语、宾语补足语、主语等。Idontknowwhattodonext（宾语）Hetaughtushowtousethecomputer（宾语补足语）Itsstillaquestionhowtogetthere（主语）I am thinking about what to say.（宾语）,不定式的否定形式,否定形式是在不定式的标志to前加not。例如：1.I decided not to ask him again.2.Please remember not to leave the lights on when you are out.,动词不定式练习题,做练习,练习1,1.Do you want_(go)with me?2.I hope _(see)you in my birthday party.3.Do you decide _(come)with me?4.Remember _(say)“Hello”to your parents.5.Dont forget _(buy)some fruits.,1.to go 2.to see 3.to come 4.to say 5.to buy,1.Dont forget _ the notebook.A.to take B.to carry C.to send D.to bring2.The librarian work is _ the books in the library.A.takes care of B.take care of C.to take care of D.taking care of3.Her parents wont let her _ out with her boyfriend.A.goes B.to go C.going D.go4.My wish is _ a house of my own.A.to have B.for having C.have D.of having,A,C,D,A,练习2,1.Do you have anything _(eat)?Im very hungry.2.I buy a computer _(search)the information.3.found it difficult _(stop)him.4.Im glad _(meet)you.5.It took me half an hour _(do)my homework yesterday.,1.to eat 2.to search 3.to stop 4.to meet 5.to do,1.I asked her _ with us.A.when to go B.when he will go C.if he will go D.that he would go2.The teacher told them _ make so much noise.A.dont B.not C.will not D.not to3.The math problem is so hard.I really dont know _.A.how to do it B/.how to do C.what to do it D to do what.,D,A,A,4.Youd better _ her,it would only worry her.A.not tell B.tell C.to tell D.not to tellMy mother told me _ more water.A.drinking B.to drink C.drank D.drink,A,B,
