初中英语非谓语动词讲解ppt课件.ppt
当我们要表示“想做某事、需要做某事或决定做某事”时，就会出现两个动词连用的情况，这时应如何表达呢？同学们自然会想到want to do sth.,need to do sth.和decide to do sth.等表达方式。,Module grammar,动词不定式,1.什么是动词不定式？,主要行为动词后面的动词采用了“to+动词原形”的结构，我们把这种结构称为动词不定式（有时可以不带to）。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语。下面我们一起来看一下动词不定式有哪些语法功能。,2.动词不定式的语法功能：,(1)不定式作主语不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而将作主语的不定式放在句子后部。eg.It is good to help others.帮助他人是好的。It is exciting to surf the Internet.上网是令人兴奋的。,(2)不定式作宾语 学习不定式作宾语时,要注意掌握后接不定式作宾语的动词。常见动词有:want,hope,wish,like,begin,try,need,forget,agree,help 等。Many people decide not to think about it.许多人决定不去考虑这件事。I want to go to the library.我想去图书馆。,(3)不定式作定语不定式修饰名词或代词，起形容词的作用，在句中作定语，放在被修饰对象的后面。请看下列句子：I have a lot of homework to do.我有很多作业要做。Im hungry.Give me something to eat,please.我饿了。请给我点吃的吧。,(4)不定式作状语 不定式常常作目的状语、原因状语、结果状语等。不定式作状语时，要注意不定式的逻辑主语应与句子的主语保持一致。I came to Beijing to see my grandpa.我来北京看望我的爷爷。Im glad to meet you！很高兴见到你！Im too tired to walk.我太累了，走不动了。,动词不定式的功能5.动词不定式做宾语补足语。动词不定式作宾语补足语，是对宾语的补充说明。常见的动词有：want,tell,would like,choose,allow,ask,invite,help等。注意：（1）以上动词后接不定式做宾语补足语时，若要表达否定意思，要在to do前面加not，构成not to do的形式。e.g.Mr.Han told us not to make too much noise.,Grammar:,（2）有些动词后接不定式做宾语补足语时，可以接不带to的不定式，常见的这类动词有：help,make,let,have,hear,feel,see等。e.g.His words made everyone laugh.一感:feel（感觉）二听:listen to（听）、hear（听见）三让:let、make、have四看:watch、see、look、notice、observe半帮助:help.因为既可以说help sb do sth 亦可以说help sb to do sth,allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事choose sb to do sth.选择某人做某事want sb.to do sth.想要某人做某事tell sb.to do sth.告诉某人做某事ask sb.to do sth.要求某人做某事invite sb.to do sth.邀请某人做某事help sb.(to)do sth.帮助某人做某事feel/listen to/hearsb.do sth.,(6)不定式作表语不定式还可以作表语。例如：Our duty today is to clean the floor.今天我们的任务是打扫地板。,1.Because it allows people _closer to them.2.Its sad _of the pandas and other animals in danger.3.We need _them better.4.Many wild animals dont have a safe place _.5.We want _animals in danger.,比一比，看哪组在对话中所找的含有动词不定式的句子最多。,6.That means we can give money _ protect the animals.7.Lets find out what else we can do _ as many as animals as possible.,1.Scientists do a lot of research _ _.2.The government is setting up nature parks _.3.The WWF chose the panda _.4.The WWF is working hard _.,In order to protect pandas in the wild,the government is setting up nature parks and developing other plans.,to,“in order to do”/“to do”refers to the purpose(目的):为了,The government is setting up nature parks and developing other plans protect pandas in the wild.,in order to,动词分为两类一：谓语动词（一般跟在主语后作谓语）二：非谓语动词（一般跟在谓语动词后）如果是谓语动词，要考虑时态和人称；如果是非谓语动词，要考虑用do/to do/doing.,to do：want/hope/learn/try/decide/forget/remember/like/love/stop/go/come/plan等in order to do/to do 表目的,do：情态动词、makelethelphad better,动词,一般现在时:结构、标志词、用法,一般过去时、过去进行时,现在进行时,谓语动词（主语后）,非谓语动词,doing：practise/enjoy/finish/suggest/keep/like/介词结尾的短语（think of/be good at/do well inpay attention tolook forward to）have trouble doingspend(in)doing,一般将来时,1.Would you please tell me next?A.how do B.what to doC.what do I do D.how I should do 2.The girl wasnt to lift that bookcase.A.too strong B.enough strongC.strong enough D.so strong,一、单项选择。,Practice,3.For a time his grandmother found _ accept his new idea.A.hard B.it hard C.it hard to D.hard to 4.As she has never been there before,Ill have someone _ her the way.A.show B.to show C.showing D.showed 5.You _ drive slowly.The roads are wet.A.had rather B.would ratherC.had better D.would better,7.In the old days it was difficult for the poor _ a job.A.find B.to find C.look D.to look for,8.When learning a foreign language,try your best _ the spirit of it.A.master B.hold C.take hold of D.to master 9.It was foolish _ his car unlocked.A.for him to leave B.of him to leaveC.for him leave D.him to leave 10.Remember _ the newspaper when you have finished it.A.putting back B.put backC.to put back D.will put back,13.You were lost on your way to the lake,werent you?Yes,we were and had to stop _ the way.A.asking B.to ask C.asked D.to be asked,二、用所给动词的适当形式填空。,1.Do you know when _(have)a picnic?2.She is very busy today.She has a lot of work _(do).3.Our teacher asked us _(be)careful when we crossed the road.4.Its easy for us _(answer)the question.,to have,to do,to be,to answer,三、汉译英。1.我们需要更好地保护它们。We need to protect them better.2.许多动物没地方住。Many animals have no place to live.3.我们究竟能做什么？What on earth can we do?4.现在有许多濒危动物。Now therere many animals in danger.,HomeworkPlease write a short passage about animals in danger.,Happiness is a form of courage.幸福是勇气的一种形式。,
