初中英语动词不定式复习ppt课件.ppt
Revision,The infinitive动词不定式,定义：不定式的构成是to+动词原形，当然to有时也可以省略。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，可以担当除谓语外的任何句子成分。,构成：to+do(动词原形),用法：1、用作宾语(v.+to do)e.g:I want to buy a computer.She hopes to find a better job.I wish to go with you.I found it difficult to fall asleep.我发现很难入睡。need to do learn to doagree to do stop to doplan to do decide to do go on to do try to do begin to do start to do refuse to do like to doforget to do remember to do,2.用作宾语补足语：(v.+sb.+to do),She asked me to help her.The teacher told him to come on time.Edisons mother taught him to read and write.want sb to dowish sb to do get sb to doorder sb to do find sb to be like sb to do would like sb to dohelp sb to do,一感:feel,三让,let,make,have,二听,listen to,hear,四看,watch,see,look at,notice,宾语补足语不带to 的情况：,Let me do it.I saw him cross the street.比较：I heard her singing in the next room.I heard her sing in the next room.,3.用作状语(adverbial)：,He came to show me his new CD player.I went there to see my teacher.She came back to get her English book.The boy was too frightened to move.,(目的),(目的),(目的),（结果）,It与不定式：动词不定式可以做主语，但如果动词不定式太长，显得头重脚轻的，那么我们就可用形式主语it代替，而把真正主语(即不定式)放于句尾。e.g:It is not difficult for me to study English well.对我来说学好英语不难。,4.用作主语,1.To go abroad is his dream.,2.To say is easy,to do is difficult.,（不定式作主语时可将其用形式主语it来替换）,It is his dream to go abroad.,It is easy to say,it is difficult to do.,5.用作表语,His work is to feed the animals.,Her job is to look after the patients.,My dream is to be a scientist.,6.用作定语,Give me something to drink.,I have two books to read.,They have much food to eat.,（这时不定式与被修饰词有动宾关系。若是不及物动词，介词不能省略）,He asked for a room to live in.,I dont have a pen to write with.,The ice is hard enough to skate on.,He bought a toy to play with.,7.疑问词who,what,which,where,when,how加to do可构成不定式短语，在句中可用作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语等。,When to start has not been decided.,I dont know what to do.,He can tell you where to get the book.,The question is who(m)to ask.,(主语),(宾语),(宾补),(表语),I dont know how to use a computer.,(宾语),注意：,在与why连用时，只用于why或why not开头的简短疑问句中，后面紧跟的动词不定式不带to。Why not have a rest?,too.to 太.以致于不能.enough to 足以.The box is too heavy for me to lift.这个箱子太沉了，我提不动。He is old enough to go to school.他到上学的年龄了。,特殊用法,1、would rather，had better后。e g:You had better stay at home.2、Why./Why not.后。e.g：Why not have a good rest on Sunday?为什么星期天不好好休息一下呢?3、使役动词 let,have,make 等后接不定e.g:Let him go!让他走!,不定式省to有四种情况：,宁愿；宁可,4、感官动词:see,watch,look at,hear,listen to,smell,feel,find 等后作宾补，省to。如：I saw him dance.我看见他跳舞。（其中help的to可省可不省）e.g:Let me do it.e.g:I saw him cross the street.比较：I heard her singing in the next room.（强调正在）I heard her sing in the next room.（强调全过程）,注意：这些情况在被动句中可千万不可省to 哟！（被动语态中，“to”要还原）e.g:The boss made them work the whole night.=变成被动句：They were made to work the whole night.,根据句意,用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。1.Its time for us(have)supper 2.Would you like _(go)shopping with me？3.It took us half an hour _(work)out the problem,to have 主语,to go 宾语,to work 主语,4.He is old enough _(join)the army 5.I am very glad _(meet)you here6.They prefer _(stay)at home rather than go out,to join 结果状语,to meet 形容词补足语(原),to stay 宾语,to say 定语,7.Have you got anything _(say)?,8.We saw them_(come)into the room just now 9.I am sorryI forgot_(tell)you the news 10.His plan is _(spend)a few days in the mountains11.Do you know when_(start)？,come 宾补,to tell 宾语,to spend 表语,to start 不定式短语作宾语,12.He is too weak _(carry)the big stone13.MrBlack asked the man_(not jump)the queue.14.Your father is sleeping.Youd better _(not wake)him up.,to carry 结果状语,not to jump,not wake,Game:make up a saying,Look for the old so as to learn the new!,for,the,look,so,as,learn,new,the,to,old!,温故而知新!,以便；以致,THANK YOU,Hi,relax yourself!,
