初中现在完成时态ppt课件.ppt
现在完成时,The Present Perfect Tense,一 构成:,have/has+动词过去分词(pp),肯定 主语+have/has+pp否定 主语+have/has not+pp疑问 Have/Has+主语+pp+其他 Yes,主+have/has.No,主+havent/hasnt.,I have finished my homework.I have not finished my homework.Have you finished your homework?Yes,I have./No,I havent.She has been to Europe.She hasnt been to Europe.Has she been to Europe?Yes,she has./No,she hasnt.,1.规则动词：与过去时变化相同。(1)一般+-ed work-worked-worked(2)以“e”结尾,+-d。live-lived-lived(3)“辅音字母+y”结尾，y 变 i,+-ed。cry-cried-cried(4)重读闭音节结尾(辅元辅)，双写后+-ed。drop-dropped-dropped 2、不规则动词，见不规则表（p120）,动词过去分词(pp)变化规则,二 含义及用法,1 表示过去发生的动作或事情，对现在的影响和产生的结果。,常用的关键词,yet(否/疑),already 已经ever/never 曾经/从来不 just 刚刚before 以前recently,lately 最近in/during the past/last 5 years 过去五年by now,so far,up to now,till now 迄今 once,twice 一次all/in ones life 某人一生,（1）already,肯定句:“己经”,Ive already had breakfast.(更常见)=Ive had breakfast already.,(2)表示一个从过去开始，一直持续到现在的动作或状态。,注:有already的句子在时态上并不都是现在完成时,判断时要看该词后是否有动词的过去分词.Eg.Shes already eighty years old.It was already very late.,(2)yet,否定句:句末“还(没)”,疑问句:句末“己经”,Have you had breakfast yet?,I havent had breakfast yet.,注意：当在肯定句中含already或just，变否定时，在句末加yet。,I havent seen the film yet.,Mother has just cleaned the house.,Mother hasnt cleaned the house yet.,I have already seen the film.,(3)never,否定句:句中“从来没有”Ive never been to Beijing.,注:带ever的肯定句变否定句时,将ever变never,He has ever made meal.,He has never made meal.,(4)just,用于句中,表示“刚刚”Ive just had breakfast.What have they just done?,A:_ your brother _ a new watch?(buy)B:Not yet.,Key words,Has bought,yet,A:_ you ever _ to the park?(be)B:Yes,I have.,Key words,Have been,yet,ever,I _ never _ anything like that.(see),Key words,have seen,yet,ever,never,Tom _ in the factory since he left school ten years ago.(work),Key words,has worked,yet,ever,never,since,I _ just _ the desk,you can take it to your classroom.(mend),Key words,have mended,yet,ever,never,since,just,He _ already _ a job.(find),Key words,has found,yet,ever,never,since,just,already,since+,(过去的)时间点或一般过去时,I have been here since 2000.He has worked as a lawyer since 5 years ago.Theyve lived in CQ since they married in 2000.,have/has gone to(去了未回来)have/has been to(去了已回来),have/has been in(去了呆在某地),Exercises,Tom 在哪儿？他去书店买书了。我在北京待了5年了。Jack 去过上海两次了,-Where is Tom?-He has gone to the bookshop to buy some books.,I have been in Beijing for 5 years.,Jack has been to Shanghai twice.,has gone to,have gone to,have been to,been to,been in,has been,现在完成时和一般过去时的区别,现在完成时:强调这一动作产生的结果对现在的影响或结果，与现在有关。一般过去时:仅表示在过去某一时刻曾发生过这一动作，与现在无关。,他已学英语五年了。,He has studied English for five years.,他曾学过五年英语。,He studied English for five years.,（说明他还会继续学下去）,（只说明他过去学过五年英语，但现在不学了。）,Ive lived here for ten years.我在这里住了10年。(现在仍住这儿)I lived here for ten years.我在这里住过10年。(现在不住这儿了)He has bought a house.他买了一栋房子。(现在已拥有这房子)He bought a house ten years ago.他10年前买了一栋房子。(现在是否仍拥有这房子不清楚),遇到yesterday,Last year,in May,in+过去某一年，two days ago,the other day,just now等就用一般过去时(表过去的时间),We will have ten tests next term.(改成现完时)We have had ten tests this term.Have you _(ready)for the picnic?It has been five years since he _(leave)He _a lot of presents for his two children already.(buy)Have you bought some chicken wings?-Yes,I _.,
